GEBELİK VE DOĞUM SONRASI DÖNEMDE OMEGA-3 KULLANIMI: GÜNCEL LİTERATÜRÜN GÖZDEN GEÇİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, - , 01.06.2022

Nilay Şener , Tülay Yılmaz , Hüsniye Dinç

Öz

Omega-3 yağ asitleri çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin major kaynaklarından biridir. Uzun zincirli çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri, plasental ve fetal lipid ortamlarını değiştirme ve dolayısıyla sağlık sonuçlarını modüle etme konusunda önemli bir potansiyele sahiptir. Yağ asitleri fetal enerji metabolizmasında ve hücre farklılaşmasında, ayrıca enflamatuar ve immün yanıtların düzenlenmesinde kritik bir rol oynar. Ayrıca prostaglandinler ve prostasiklinler, uzun zincirli çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin eikosanoid metabolitleri arasındadır. Bunlar plasental büyüme ve gelişmede, gebelik süresinde ve doğum eyleminin başlamasında önemli rol oynar. Plesantal fonksiyonlardaki değişiklikler preeklampsi, gestasyonel diyabet, intrauterin büyüme kısıtlaması gibi çeşitli gebelik komplikasyonlarına yol açar ve olumsuz doğum sonuçlarına neden olur. Gebelikte omega-3’lerin tüketimine ilişkin kılavuzlar mevcut olmakla birlikte hangi haftalarda başlanacağı ve miktarı ile farklı görüşler bulunmaktadır. Mevcut kanıtlar omega-3’lerin gebelik sırasında ve doğum sonu dönemde koruyucu etkileri olduğunu göstermektedir. Omega-3’lerin olumlu etkileri gestasyonel diyabet, preeklampsi, gebelik süresi ve doğum sonu depresyonu azaltmasıdır. Rutin obstetrik bakım sırasında sağlanan sağlık bilgileri ve tavsiyeleri diyette omega-3 alınması üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahiptir. Bununla birlikte, literatürde gebelik sırasında diyetle omega-3 tüketimi ile ilgili mevcut eğitim, tavsiye ve reçete uygulamaları ile ilgili bir boşluk bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede gebelik ve doğum sonu dönemde omega-3 alımına ve etkilerine yönelik güncel bilgilerin gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Omega-3, Gebelik, Doğum Sonu, DHA-EPA

Destekleyen Kurum

YOK

Proje Numarası

YOK

Kaynakça

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