Araştırma Makalesi
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TURİZM ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÇEVRESEL TUTUMLARININ ÇEVRESEL FARKINDALIK VE ÇEVRESEL ENDİŞE DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİNİ BELİRLEMEYE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 465 - 481, 31.12.2022

Öz

Doğal çevrenin dengesinin bozulması neticesinde oluşan çevre sorunları bütün canlıların yaşamını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Çevrenin korunması ve sürdürülebilirliği bireylerin çevresel tutumları ile yakından ilgilidir. Ayrıca çevresel tutum bireylerin çevresel davranışının güçlü bir belirleyicisidir. Buradan hareketle çalışmada, turizm eğitimi alan üniversite öğrencilerinin çevresel tutumunun çevresel farkındalık ve çevresel endişe düzeylerine etkisi olup olmadığının tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle, çevresel tutum, çevresel farkındalık ve çevresel endişe konuları ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra bu konularda turizm eğitimi alan üniversite öğrencilerinin görüşlerini incelemek amacıyla 389 öğrenciye bir alan çalışmasına yer verilmiştir. Çalışma bulgularına göre turizm öğrencilerinin çevresel tutumlarının çevresel farkındalık ve çevresel endişeleri üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi bulunmaktadır. Olumlu çevresel tutuma sahip olan üniversite öğrencilerinin çevreyi korumaya yönelik farkındalık ve endişe düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Acungil, Y. (2020). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Çevresel Tutum ve Davranış Düzeylerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Çalışma: Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Örneği, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi,75 (3), 997-1032.
  • Adnan, A., Ahmad, A. & Khan, M.N. (2017). Examining the Role of Consumer Lifestyles on Ecological Behavior among Young Indian Consumers. Young Consumers, 18(4), 348-377. https://doi.org/10.1108/YC-05-2017-00699
  • Ajzen, I. & Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-Behaviour Relations: A Theoretical Analysis and Review of Empirical Research. Psychological Bulletin 84, 888–918.
  • Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S. ve Yıldırım, E. (2010). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri, Sakarya Yayıncılık, Sakarya.
  • Arshad, H. M., Saleem, K., Shafi, S., Ahmad, T. & Kanwal, S. (2021). Environmental Awareness, Concern, Attitude and Behavior of University Students: A Comparison across Academic Disciplines. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 30(1), 561-570.
  • Aydın, F. ve Kaya, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimler Lisesi Öğrencilerinin Çevre Duyarlılıklarının Değerlendirilmesi, Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, (24), 229-257.
  • Brown, T.J., Ham, S.H. & Hughes, M. (2010). Picking up Litter: An Application of Theory-Based Communication to Influence Tourist Behavior in Protected Areas. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18, 879-900.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2009). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Chan, E. S. W. & Hawkins, R. (2010). Attitude Toward Semss in an International Hotel: An Exploratory Case Study, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(4), 641-651.
  • Chan, E. S. W., H. Alice. H., Chan, W. & Okumuş, F. (2014). What Drives Employees’ Intentions to Implement Green Practices in Hotels? The Role of Knowledge, Awareness, Concern and Ecological Behaviour, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 40, 20-28.
  • Chao, Y.L. & Lam, S.P. (2011). Measuring Responsible Environmental Behavior: Self-reported and Other-Reported Measures and Their Differences in Testing a Behavioral Model. Environment and Behavior, 43, 53-71.
  • Chen, M. & Tung, P., 2014. Developing an Extended Theory of Planned Behavior Model to Predict Consumers' Intention to Visit Green Hotels. Int. J. Hospit. Manag. 36, 221-230.
  • Chi-Sheng Hsieh (2012). A Study on Ecotourists’ Environmental Attitude, Travel Motivation, Environmental Behavior and Recreational Satisfaction—Black-faced Spoonbill Reserve in Taijiang National Park as Illustrative Example.University of Kang Ning Leisure Resources and Green Industry Research Institute.
  • Collado, S., Staats, H. & Corraliza, J. A. (2013). Experiencing Nature in Children’s Summer Camps: Affective, Cognitive and Behavioral Consequences. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 33, 37-44.
  • Cruz, S. M. (2017). The Relationships of Political Ideology and Party Affiliation with Environmental Concern: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 53, 81-91.
  • Dağdemir, Ö. (2015). Çevre Sorunlarına Ekonomik Yaklaşımlar ve Optimal Politika Arayışları, 3. Baskı, Gazi Kitabevi: Ankara.
  • Duerden, M.D. & Witt, P.A. (2010). The Impact of Direct and Indirect Experiences on the Development of Environmental Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 379-392.
  • Dunlap, R. E., Liere, K. D. V., Mertig, A. G. & Jones, R. E. (2000). Measuring Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm: A Revised NEP Scale, Journal of Social Issues, 56 (3), 425–444.
  • Dunlap, R. E. & Jones, R. E. (2002). Environmental Concern: Conceptual and Measurement Issues, in Handbook of Environmental Sociology, eds R. E. Dunlap, and W. Michelson, (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press), 482–524.
  • Dunlap, R. E. & Van Liere, K. D. (1978). The New Environmental Paradigm. J. Environ. Educ. 9, 10–19. doi: 10.1080/00958964.1978.10801875
  • Farjam, M., Nikolaychuk, O. & Bravo, G., (2019). Experimental Evidence of An Environmental Attitude-Behavior Gap in High-Cost Situations. Ecol. Econ. 166, 106434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106434.
  • Franzen, A. & Vogl, D. (2013). Two Decades of Measuring Environmental Attitudes: A Comparative Analysis of 33 Countries. Global Environmental Change, 23(5), 1001-1008.
  • Gadenne, D. L., Kennedy, J. & McKeiver, C. (2009). An Empirical Study of Environmental Awareness and Practices in SMEs, Journal of Business Ethics, 84 (1), 45-63.
  • George, D. & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference, (10a ed.) Boston: Pearson
  • Han, H., Hsu, L.T.J. & Sheu, C. (2010). Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Green Hotel Choice: Testing the Effect of Environmental Friendly Activities. Tourism Management, 31, 325-334.
  • Han, H. & Yoon, H. (2015). Hotel Customers’ Environmentally Responsible Behavioral Intention: Impact of Key Constructs On Decision in Green Consumerism, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 45, 22-33.
  • Hines, J. M., Hungerford, H. R. & Tomera, A. N. (1987). Analysis and Synthesis of Research on Responsible Environmental Behavior: A Meta-Analysis. The Journal of Environmental Education, 18(2), 1-8.
  • Hu, H. H., Parsa, H. G. & Self, J. (2010). The Dynamics of Green Restaurant Patronage. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 51(3), 344-362.
  • Janmaimool, P. & Chudech, S. (2020). Effect of Domestic and Global Environmental Events on Environmental Concern and Environmental Responsibility among University Students. Sustainability, 12(4), 1610.
  • Kaiser, F.G., Wölfing, S. & Fuhrer, U. (1999). Environmental Attitude and Ecological Behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19, 1-19.
  • Kamaruddin, S. M., Ahmad, P. & Alwee, N. (2016). Community Awareness on Environmental Management through Local Agenda 21 (LA21). Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 222, 729-737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.234
  • Karagözoğlu, N. (2020). Causes and Solution Proposals for Environmental Problems: Yozgat Example. International Journal of Geography and Geography Education (IGGE), 42, 356-373.
  • Kement, Ü. (2015). Doğaya Yönelik Gerçekleştirilen Rekreatif Etkinliklerde Tüketicilerin Çevre Dostu Rekreasyon Davranışlarının İncelenmesi: Kamping Örneği, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Rekreasyon Yönetimi Ana Bilim Dalı, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Kement, Ü. (2018). Çevresel Kaygı ve Algılanan Ahlaki Yükümlülüğün Yeşil Otelleri Ziyaret Etme Niyetine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 5(2),203-214.
  • Kement, Ü. ve Demirci, B. (2017). Ekolojik Farkındalığın Çevre Dostu Rekreasyon Davranışına Etkisi: Turizm Eğitimi Alan Öğrenciler Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi, 14 (3), 135-148.
  • Kim, A.K., Airey, D. & Szivas, E. (2011). The Multiple Assessment of Interpretation Effectiveness: Promoting Visitors’ Environmental Attitudes and Behavior. Journal of Travel Research, 50, 321-334.
  • Kim, Y. & Han, H. (2010). Intention to Pay Conventional-Hotel Prices at A Green Hotel _ A Modification of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18, 997-1014.
  • Kinnear, T. C., Taylor, J. R. & Ahmed, S. A. (1974). Ecologically Concerned Consumers: Who are They? Ecologically Concerned Consumers can be Identified. Journal of Marketing, 38(2), 20-24.
  • Kollmuss, A. & Agyeman, J. (2002). Mindthegap: Why Do People Act Environmentally and What are the Barriers to Pro-Environmental Behavior?, Environmental Education Research, 8(3), 239-260.
  • Larijani, M. & Yeshodhara, K. (2008). An Empirical Study of Environmental Attitude among Higher Primary School Teachers of India and Iran. Journal of Human Ecology, 24(3), 195-200.
  • Lounsbury, J. W. & Tornatzky, L. G. (1977). A Scale for Assessing Attitudes toward Environmental Quality. J. Soc. Psychol. 101, 299–305. doi: 10.1080/00224545.1977.9924020
  • Maloney, M. P. & Ward, M. P. (1973). Ecology: Let’s Hear from the People: An Objective Scale for the Measurement of Ecological Attitudes and Knowledge. Am. Psychol. 28, 583–586. doi: 10.1037/h0034936
  • Milfont, T. L. & Duckitt, J. (2004). The Structure of Environmental Attitudes: A First-and Second-Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24(3), 289- 303.
  • Milfont, T.L. & Duckitt, J. (2010). The Environmental Attitudes Inventory: A Valid and Reliable Measure to Assess the Structure of Environmental Attitudes. In: Journal of Environmental Psychology 30, 80–94.
  • Özbebek Tunç, A., Ömür, G. A. ve Düren A. Z. (2012). Çevresel Farkındalık, İstanbul Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, (47), 227-246.
  • Özdemir, O., Yıldız, A., Ocaktan, E. ve Sarışen, Ö. (2004). Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Çevre Sorunları Konusundaki Farkındalık ve Duyarlılıkları. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 57 (3), 117-127.
  • Özgen, N. (2011). Öğretmen Adaylarının Çevre Sorunlarına Yönelik Tutumları: Türkiye Örneği. Kastamonu Education Journal, 20 (2), 403-422.
  • Perrea, T., Grunert, K.G., Krystallis, A., Zhou, Y., Huang, G. & Hue, Y. (2014). Testing and Validation of A Hierarchical Value-Attitudes Model in the Context of Green Food in China. Asia Pac. J. Market. Logist. 26 (2), 296-314
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A Research to Determine The Effect of Tourism Students' Environmental Attitudes on Environmental Awareness and Environmental Concern

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 465 - 481, 31.12.2022

Öz

Environmental problems that occur as a result of the deterioration of the balance of the natural environment adversely affect the life of all living things. Environmental protection and sustainability are closely related to the environmental attitudes of individuals. In addition, environmental attitude is a strong determinant of individuals' environmental behavior. From this point of view, it is aimed to determine whether the environmental attitude of university students receiving tourism education has an effect on environmental awareness and environmental concern. In the study, firstly, environmental attitudes, environmental awareness and environmental concerns were discussed. Afterwards, a field study was given to 389 students in order to examine the views of university students who received tourism education on these subjects. In the study, it was determined that environmental attitude has a statistically significant effect on environmental awareness and environmental concerns. It has been concluded that university students who have positive environmental attitudes have higher levels of awareness and anxiety about protecting the environment.

Kaynakça

  • Acungil, Y. (2020). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Çevresel Tutum ve Davranış Düzeylerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Çalışma: Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Örneği, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi,75 (3), 997-1032.
  • Adnan, A., Ahmad, A. & Khan, M.N. (2017). Examining the Role of Consumer Lifestyles on Ecological Behavior among Young Indian Consumers. Young Consumers, 18(4), 348-377. https://doi.org/10.1108/YC-05-2017-00699
  • Ajzen, I. & Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-Behaviour Relations: A Theoretical Analysis and Review of Empirical Research. Psychological Bulletin 84, 888–918.
  • Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S. ve Yıldırım, E. (2010). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri, Sakarya Yayıncılık, Sakarya.
  • Arshad, H. M., Saleem, K., Shafi, S., Ahmad, T. & Kanwal, S. (2021). Environmental Awareness, Concern, Attitude and Behavior of University Students: A Comparison across Academic Disciplines. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 30(1), 561-570.
  • Aydın, F. ve Kaya, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimler Lisesi Öğrencilerinin Çevre Duyarlılıklarının Değerlendirilmesi, Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, (24), 229-257.
  • Brown, T.J., Ham, S.H. & Hughes, M. (2010). Picking up Litter: An Application of Theory-Based Communication to Influence Tourist Behavior in Protected Areas. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18, 879-900.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2009). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Chan, E. S. W. & Hawkins, R. (2010). Attitude Toward Semss in an International Hotel: An Exploratory Case Study, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(4), 641-651.
  • Chan, E. S. W., H. Alice. H., Chan, W. & Okumuş, F. (2014). What Drives Employees’ Intentions to Implement Green Practices in Hotels? The Role of Knowledge, Awareness, Concern and Ecological Behaviour, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 40, 20-28.
  • Chao, Y.L. & Lam, S.P. (2011). Measuring Responsible Environmental Behavior: Self-reported and Other-Reported Measures and Their Differences in Testing a Behavioral Model. Environment and Behavior, 43, 53-71.
  • Chen, M. & Tung, P., 2014. Developing an Extended Theory of Planned Behavior Model to Predict Consumers' Intention to Visit Green Hotels. Int. J. Hospit. Manag. 36, 221-230.
  • Chi-Sheng Hsieh (2012). A Study on Ecotourists’ Environmental Attitude, Travel Motivation, Environmental Behavior and Recreational Satisfaction—Black-faced Spoonbill Reserve in Taijiang National Park as Illustrative Example.University of Kang Ning Leisure Resources and Green Industry Research Institute.
  • Collado, S., Staats, H. & Corraliza, J. A. (2013). Experiencing Nature in Children’s Summer Camps: Affective, Cognitive and Behavioral Consequences. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 33, 37-44.
  • Cruz, S. M. (2017). The Relationships of Political Ideology and Party Affiliation with Environmental Concern: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 53, 81-91.
  • Dağdemir, Ö. (2015). Çevre Sorunlarına Ekonomik Yaklaşımlar ve Optimal Politika Arayışları, 3. Baskı, Gazi Kitabevi: Ankara.
  • Duerden, M.D. & Witt, P.A. (2010). The Impact of Direct and Indirect Experiences on the Development of Environmental Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 379-392.
  • Dunlap, R. E., Liere, K. D. V., Mertig, A. G. & Jones, R. E. (2000). Measuring Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm: A Revised NEP Scale, Journal of Social Issues, 56 (3), 425–444.
  • Dunlap, R. E. & Jones, R. E. (2002). Environmental Concern: Conceptual and Measurement Issues, in Handbook of Environmental Sociology, eds R. E. Dunlap, and W. Michelson, (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press), 482–524.
  • Dunlap, R. E. & Van Liere, K. D. (1978). The New Environmental Paradigm. J. Environ. Educ. 9, 10–19. doi: 10.1080/00958964.1978.10801875
  • Farjam, M., Nikolaychuk, O. & Bravo, G., (2019). Experimental Evidence of An Environmental Attitude-Behavior Gap in High-Cost Situations. Ecol. Econ. 166, 106434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106434.
  • Franzen, A. & Vogl, D. (2013). Two Decades of Measuring Environmental Attitudes: A Comparative Analysis of 33 Countries. Global Environmental Change, 23(5), 1001-1008.
  • Gadenne, D. L., Kennedy, J. & McKeiver, C. (2009). An Empirical Study of Environmental Awareness and Practices in SMEs, Journal of Business Ethics, 84 (1), 45-63.
  • George, D. & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference, (10a ed.) Boston: Pearson
  • Han, H., Hsu, L.T.J. & Sheu, C. (2010). Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Green Hotel Choice: Testing the Effect of Environmental Friendly Activities. Tourism Management, 31, 325-334.
  • Han, H. & Yoon, H. (2015). Hotel Customers’ Environmentally Responsible Behavioral Intention: Impact of Key Constructs On Decision in Green Consumerism, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 45, 22-33.
  • Hines, J. M., Hungerford, H. R. & Tomera, A. N. (1987). Analysis and Synthesis of Research on Responsible Environmental Behavior: A Meta-Analysis. The Journal of Environmental Education, 18(2), 1-8.
  • Hu, H. H., Parsa, H. G. & Self, J. (2010). The Dynamics of Green Restaurant Patronage. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 51(3), 344-362.
  • Janmaimool, P. & Chudech, S. (2020). Effect of Domestic and Global Environmental Events on Environmental Concern and Environmental Responsibility among University Students. Sustainability, 12(4), 1610.
  • Kaiser, F.G., Wölfing, S. & Fuhrer, U. (1999). Environmental Attitude and Ecological Behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19, 1-19.
  • Kamaruddin, S. M., Ahmad, P. & Alwee, N. (2016). Community Awareness on Environmental Management through Local Agenda 21 (LA21). Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 222, 729-737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.234
  • Karagözoğlu, N. (2020). Causes and Solution Proposals for Environmental Problems: Yozgat Example. International Journal of Geography and Geography Education (IGGE), 42, 356-373.
  • Kement, Ü. (2015). Doğaya Yönelik Gerçekleştirilen Rekreatif Etkinliklerde Tüketicilerin Çevre Dostu Rekreasyon Davranışlarının İncelenmesi: Kamping Örneği, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Rekreasyon Yönetimi Ana Bilim Dalı, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Kement, Ü. (2018). Çevresel Kaygı ve Algılanan Ahlaki Yükümlülüğün Yeşil Otelleri Ziyaret Etme Niyetine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 5(2),203-214.
  • Kement, Ü. ve Demirci, B. (2017). Ekolojik Farkındalığın Çevre Dostu Rekreasyon Davranışına Etkisi: Turizm Eğitimi Alan Öğrenciler Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi, 14 (3), 135-148.
  • Kim, A.K., Airey, D. & Szivas, E. (2011). The Multiple Assessment of Interpretation Effectiveness: Promoting Visitors’ Environmental Attitudes and Behavior. Journal of Travel Research, 50, 321-334.
  • Kim, Y. & Han, H. (2010). Intention to Pay Conventional-Hotel Prices at A Green Hotel _ A Modification of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18, 997-1014.
  • Kinnear, T. C., Taylor, J. R. & Ahmed, S. A. (1974). Ecologically Concerned Consumers: Who are They? Ecologically Concerned Consumers can be Identified. Journal of Marketing, 38(2), 20-24.
  • Kollmuss, A. & Agyeman, J. (2002). Mindthegap: Why Do People Act Environmentally and What are the Barriers to Pro-Environmental Behavior?, Environmental Education Research, 8(3), 239-260.
  • Larijani, M. & Yeshodhara, K. (2008). An Empirical Study of Environmental Attitude among Higher Primary School Teachers of India and Iran. Journal of Human Ecology, 24(3), 195-200.
  • Lounsbury, J. W. & Tornatzky, L. G. (1977). A Scale for Assessing Attitudes toward Environmental Quality. J. Soc. Psychol. 101, 299–305. doi: 10.1080/00224545.1977.9924020
  • Maloney, M. P. & Ward, M. P. (1973). Ecology: Let’s Hear from the People: An Objective Scale for the Measurement of Ecological Attitudes and Knowledge. Am. Psychol. 28, 583–586. doi: 10.1037/h0034936
  • Milfont, T. L. & Duckitt, J. (2004). The Structure of Environmental Attitudes: A First-and Second-Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24(3), 289- 303.
  • Milfont, T.L. & Duckitt, J. (2010). The Environmental Attitudes Inventory: A Valid and Reliable Measure to Assess the Structure of Environmental Attitudes. In: Journal of Environmental Psychology 30, 80–94.
  • Özbebek Tunç, A., Ömür, G. A. ve Düren A. Z. (2012). Çevresel Farkındalık, İstanbul Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, (47), 227-246.
  • Özdemir, O., Yıldız, A., Ocaktan, E. ve Sarışen, Ö. (2004). Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Çevre Sorunları Konusundaki Farkındalık ve Duyarlılıkları. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 57 (3), 117-127.
  • Özgen, N. (2011). Öğretmen Adaylarının Çevre Sorunlarına Yönelik Tutumları: Türkiye Örneği. Kastamonu Education Journal, 20 (2), 403-422.
  • Perrea, T., Grunert, K.G., Krystallis, A., Zhou, Y., Huang, G. & Hue, Y. (2014). Testing and Validation of A Hierarchical Value-Attitudes Model in the Context of Green Food in China. Asia Pac. J. Market. Logist. 26 (2), 296-314
  • Prete, M.I., Piper, L., Rizzo, C., Pino, G., Capestro, M., Mileti, A. & Guido, G. (2017). Determinants of Southern Italian Households' Intention to Adopt Energy Efficiency Measures in Residential Buildings. J. Clean. Prod. 153, 83-91.
  • Qu, Y., Liu, Y., Nayak, R. R. & Li, M. (2015). Sustainable Development of Eco-Industrial Parks in China: Effects of Managers' Environmental Awareness on the Relationships between Practice and Performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 87, 328-338.
  • Rashid, N. R. N. A. (2009). Awareness of Eco-Label in Malaysia’s Green Marketing Initiative. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(8), 132-141.
  • Rhead, R., Elliot, M. & Upham, P. (2018). Using Latent Class Analysis to Produce A Typology of Environmental Concern in the UK. Social Science Research, 74, 210-222.
  • Sarıtaş, A. (2018). Yeşil Satın Alma Davranışının Algılanan Tüketici Etkinliğine Etkisinde Çevresel Kaygının Aracılık Rolü. Sosyal Araştırmalar ve Davranış Bilimleri, 4(5), 47-71.
  • Schultz, P. W., Shriver, C., Tabanico, J. J. & Khazian, A. M. (2004). Implicit Connections with Nature. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24(1), 31-42.
  • Tarrant, M.A. & Green, G.T. (1999). Outdoor Recreation and the Predictive Validity of Environmental Attitudes. Leisure Sciences, 21, 17-30.
  • Thapa, B. (2010). The Mediation Effect of Outdoor Recreation Participation on Environmental Attitude_Behavior Correspondence. The Journal of Environmental Education, 41, 133_150.
  • Türküm, S. (1998). Çağdaş Toplumda Çevre Sorunları ve Çevre Bilinci, Anadolu Üniversitesi. G.Can (Ed.). Çağdaş Yaşam Çağdaş İnsan. Anadolu Üniversitesi Açık Öğretim Fakültesi İlköğretim Öğretmenliği Lisans Tamamlama Programı, Eskişehir, 165-181.
  • Uzun, N. ve Sağlam, N. (2006). Orta Öğretim Öğrencileri İçin Çevresel Tutum Ölçeği Geliştirme ve Geçerliliği. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(30), 240-250.
  • Uzun, N. ve Sağlam, N. (2007). Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Çevreye Yönelik Bilgi ve Tutumlarına Çevre ve İnsan Dersi ile İlgili Gönüllü Çevre Kuruluşlarının Etkisi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 33: 210- 218
  • Vainio, A. & Paloniemi, R. (2014). The Complex Role of Attitudes toward Science in Pro-Environmental Consumption in the Nordic Countries. Ecological Economics, 108, 18-27.
  • Verma, V. K., Chandra, B. & Kumar, S. (2019). Values and Ascribed Responsibility to Predict Consumers' Attitude and Concern towards Green Hotel Visit Intention. Journal of Business Research, 96, 206-216.
  • Weigel, R. & Weigel, J. (1978). Environmental Concern: The Development of A Measure. Environ. Behav. 10, 3–15. doi: 10.1177/0013916578101001
  • Zsoka, A., Szerenyi, Z.M., Szechy, A. & Kocsis, T. (2013). Greening due to Environmental Education? Environmental Knowledge, Attitudes, Consumer Behavior and Everyday Pro-Environmental Activities of Hungarian High School and University Students. Journal of Cleaner Production, 48, 126-138.
Toplam 63 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Turizm (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hatice Sarı Gök 0000-0003-0949-2593

Simge Şalvarcı 0000-0003-0703-4126

Fatmanur Kübra Aylan 0000-0002-6703-2934

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Sarı Gök, H., Şalvarcı, S., & Aylan, F. K. (2022). TURİZM ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÇEVRESEL TUTUMLARININ ÇEVRESEL FARKINDALIK VE ÇEVRESEL ENDİŞE DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİSİNİ BELİRLEMEYE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Safran Kültür Ve Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(3), 465-481.