An Evaluation of Participatory Practices in Design Research: Contextual and Practical Differences

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 286 - 313, 20.12.2019

Hatice Kesdi Serkan Güneş

https://doi.org/10.20488/sanattasarim.691156

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Participatory design as one of the current approaches in the design research emerged with the demand for democracy at the intersection of the political agenda of the period and the dissemination of the technological infrastructure at workplaces. The participatory approach, first included in the design processes of the information systems, continued its existence as different practices focused on distinctive concerns due to its multidimensional structure that covers issues in political, economic and theoretical perspectives. The variety due to naming deficits of different practices and additional naming for the same practices have caused confusion in participatory design practice and terminology. The study aims to clarify this complexity by classifying the diversity which is the underlying causes of confusion. In this sense, the context of participation and the application areas of design were examined and the conditions that constitute the basis for different practices were investigated by literature review. According to their contextual differences, these different practices, grouped under collaborative design, open design and agonistic approach, were subjected to document analysis as projects. Content analysis categories are the variables taken from the evaluation framework set out in the previous section. As a result of this evaluation indicating the differences in the practices of the three approaches, both the classification was clarified and the effects of the contextual changes on the practices were put forward. Thus, while the results of the evaluation clarify terminology and practice, the evaluation framework guides the designer by emphasizing the points to be considered in practice.

Keywords

Participatory Design, Application Areas of Design, Collaborative Design, Open Design, Agonistic Approach

Tasarım Araştırmalarındaki Katılımcı Uygulamalara Dair Bir Değerlendirme: Bağlam Ve Pratik Farklılıkları

Abstract

Tasarım araştırmalarındaki güncel yaklaşımlardan katılımcı tasarım, soğuk savaş döneminin politik gündemi ile teknolojik altyapının işyerlerinde yaygınlaştırılması çalışmalarının kesişiminde demokrasi talebiyle ortaya çıkmıştır. İlk olarak bilişim sistemleri alanında tasarım süreçlerine dâhil edilen katılımcı yaklaşım, politik, ekonomik ve teorik perspektiflerdeki meseleleri kapsayan çok boyutlu yapısı sayesinde tezahür ettiği her dönemde farklı kaygılara odaklanmış farklı pratikler halinde varlığını sürdürmüştür. Bu farklı isimlerle adlandırılan aynı uygulamalar ya da aynı isimle adlandırılan farklı katılımcı uygulamalar, katılımcı tasarım pratiği ve terminolojisinde bir karmaşaya neden olmuştur. Çalışma, karmaşaya neden olan çeşitliliği sınıflandırıp detaylı olarak betimleyerek bu karmaşaya netlik kazandırmayı amaçlar. Bu anlamda katılımcılık bağlamı ve tasarım uygulama alanları incelenerek farklı uygulamalara zemin oluşturan durumlar literatür taraması ile araştırılmıştır. Bağlamsal farklılıklarına göre iş birlikçi tasarım, açık tasarım ve agonistik yaklaşım altında gruplanan bu farklı uygulamalar, projeler halinde doküman analizine tabi tutulmuştur. İçerik analiz kategorileri, bir önceki bölümde ortaya koyulan değerlendirme çerçevesinden alınan değişkenlerdir. Üç yaklaşıma dair uygulamadaki farkları gösteren bu değerlendirme sonucunda hem sınıflandırma netlik kazanmış, hem de bağlamsal değişimlerin pratikler üzerinde yarattığı etkiler ortaya koyulmuştur. Böylelikle değerlendirme sonuçları terminolojiye ve pratiğe bir açıklık getirirken, diğer yandan ortaya koyulan değerlendirme çerçevesi uygulamada dikkat edilmesi gereken noktaları vurgulayarak tasarımcıya yol gösterir.

Keywords

Katılımcı Tasarım, Tasarım Uygulama Alanları, İşbirlikçi Tasarım, Açık Tasarım, Agonistik Yaklaşım

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