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Design of New Generation Low-Cost Dip Coating Device and Performance Tests in ZnO Thin Film Production

Year 2024, Volume: 28 Issue: 6, 1307 - 1314
https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1568148

Abstract

In this study, a dip coating device was designed using low-cost materials and performance tests were performed. The dip coating method is an efficient coating technique used to dip samples into chemical solutions and produce thin films. The designed system provides precise movement in the vertical axis with a stepper motor, while a heating unit can be used to apply heat treatment during the coating process. The device controlled by Arduino allows the user to adjust the number of dips, waiting times and movement speed. In order to test the operation of the system, ZnO thin films were produced, and these films were evaluated with XRD, SEM and UVspectrophotometer analyses. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that the structural and optical properties of the films produced by the device were in accordance with the data in the literature. These results prove that the designed dip coating system is successful and functional.

Project Number

SÜBİTAM-1901-23-001

References

  • A. Mohammadzadeh, S. K. Naghib Zadeh, M. H. Saidi, M. Sharifzadeh, “Mechanical engineering of solid oxide fuel cell systems: Geometric design, mechanical configuration, and thermal analysis,” Design and Operation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: The Systems Engineering Vision for Industrial Application, pp. 85–130, 2020.
  • S. Ebnesajjad, A. H. Landrock, “Adhesive Applications and Bonding Processes,” Adhesives Technology Handbook, pp. 206–234, 2015.
  • M. Joshi, B. S. Butola, “Application technologies for coating, lamination and finishing of technical textiles,” Advances in the Dyeing and Finishing of Technical Textiles, pp. 355–411, 2013.
  • D. Lončarević, Ž. Čupić, “The perspective of using nanocatalysts in the environmental requirements and energy needs of industry,” Industrial Applications of Nanomaterials, pp. 91–122, 2019.
  • I. A. Neacşu, A. I. Nicoară, O. R. Vasile, B. Ş. Vasile, “Chapter 9 - Inorganic micro- and nanostructured implants for tissue engineering, in: A.M. Grumezescu (Ed.),” Nanobiomaterials in Hard Tissue Engineering, William Andrew Publishing, 2016: pp. 271–295.
  • A. K. Sarkar, D. Sarmah, S. Baruah, P. Datta, “An Optimized Dip Coating Approach for Metallic, Dielectric, and Semiconducting Nanomaterial-Based Optical Thin Film Fabrication,” Coatings, vol. 13, no.8, 2023.
  • D. Grosso, “How to exploit the full potential of the dip-coating process to better control film formation,” J. Mater. Chem., vol. 21, pp. 17033–17038, 2011.
  • S. Patil, S. R. Sankapal, F. M. A. Almuntaser, “Dip Coating: Simple Way of Coating Thin Films,” Sankapal, B.R., Ennaoui, A., Gupta, R.B., Lokhande, C.D. (eds) Simple Chemical Methods for Thin Film Deposition, Springer Nature Singapore, 2023: pp. 425–447.
  • I. Arora, P. Kumar, T. S. Sathiaraj, R. Thangaraj, “Structure, optical and electrical properties of sol-gel derived Zn1.5+xSn1.5-xO4 nanostructured films for optoelectronic applications,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 698, pp. 137871, 2020.
  • Y. Mansilla, M. D. Arce, C. González-Oliver, J. Basbus, H. Troiani, A. Serquis, “Characterization of stabilized ZrO2 thin films obtained by sol-gel method,” Applied Surface Science, vol. 569, pp. 150787, 2021.
  • A. N. Khramov, V. N. Balbyshev, L. S. Kasten, R.A. Mantz, “Sol–gel coatings with phosphonate functionalities for surface modification of magnesium alloys,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 514, pp. 174–181, 2006.
  • M. M. Renjo, L. Ćurković, S. Štefančić, D. Ćorić, “Indentation size effect of Y-TZP dental ceramics,” Dental Materials, vol. 30, pp. e371–e376, 2014.
  • H. Oğul, M. O. Karaağaç, “Public attitudes toward nuclear power plants in Turkey,” Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 25, pp. 423–429, 2019.
  • “Sisteme ait yazılım,” https://github.com/ pararoglu/Dip_Coater/blob/main/Ana%20yazılım, (accessed Oct. 16, 2024).
  • L. Arda, O. Karatas, M. C. Alphan, E. Ozugurlu, “Electron spin resonance and photoluminescence studies of Co/Mg co-doped ZnO nanoparticles,” International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, vol. 21, pp. 2458–2473, 2024.
  • F. Mikailzade, H. Türkan, F. Önal, Ö. Karataş, S. Kazan, M. Zarbali, A. Göktaş, A. Tumbul, “Structural, optical and magnetic characterization of nanorod-shaped polycrystalline Zn1−xMnxO films synthesized using sol–gel technique,” Applied Physics A, vol. 126, pp. 768, 2020.
  • M. O. Karaağaç, A. Kabul, F. Yiğit, “Performance Analysis of Natural Gas Combined Cycle Power Plant,” Journal of Polytechnic, vol. 22, pp. 319–325, 2019.
  • M. Arif, A. Sanger, P. M. Vilarinho, A. Singh, “Effect of Annealing Temperature on Structural and Optical Properties of Sol–Gel-Derived ZnO Thin Films,” Journal of Electronic Materials, vol. 47, pp. 3678–3684, 2018.
  • N. K. Sarıtekin, Y. Zalaoglu, G. Yildirim, M. Doğruer, C. Terzioglu, A. Varilci, O. Gorur, “Determination of solid solubility level of Ho nanoparticles in Y-123 superconducting matrix and strong Cu1 site preference of nanoparticles,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 610, pp. 361–371, 2014.
  • A. EL Hichou, T. Jannane, M. Manoua, A. Liba, N. Fazouan, A. El Hichou, A. Almaggoussi, A. Outzourhit, M. Chaik, “Sol-gel Aluminum-doped ZnO thin films: Synthesis and characterization ZnO-Al and ZnO sol-gel View project Transparent conductor oxide View project Sol-gel Aluminum-doped ZnO thin films: synthesis and characterization,” J. Mater. Environ. Sci, vol. 8, pp. 160–168, 2017.
  • A. Ajjaq, F. Bulut, O. Ozturk, S. Acar, “Chemical precursor-dependent dual effect of doping on the gas-sensing performance of metal oxide semiconducting materials,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 420, pp. 136501, 2024.
  • F. Bulut, Ö. Ozturk, S. Acar, G. Yildirim, “Effect of Ni and Al doping on structural, optical, and CO gas sensing properties of 1D ZnO nanorods produced by hydrothermal method,” Microscopy Research and Technique, vol. 85, pp. 1502–1517, 2022.
  • A. Ajjaq, F. Bulut, O. Ozturk, S. Acar, “Advanced NH3 Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p–n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability,” ACS Sensors, vol. 9, pp. 895–911, 2024.
  • E. Asikuzun, O. Ozturk, “Comparison of theoretical and experimental microhardness of tetrahedral binary Zn1-xErxO semiconductor polycrystalline nanoparticles,” Ceramics International, vol. 45, pp. 4176–4183, 2019.
  • N. Setoudeh, C. Zamani, M. Sajjadnejad, “Formation of ZnO/Ni0.6Zn0.4O Mixture Using Mechanical Milling of Zn-NiO,” Materials Transactions, vol. 57, pp. 1597–1601, 2016.
  • H. D. Dhaygude, S. K. Shinde, N. B. Velhal, G. M. Lohar, V. J. Fulari, “Synthesis and characterization of ZnO thin film by low cost modified SILAR technique,” AIMS Materials Science, vol. 3, pp. 349–356, 2016.
  • H. Ogul, B. Gultekin, F. Bulut, H. Us, “A comparative study of 3D printing and sol-gel polymer production techniques: A case study on usage of ABS polymer for radiation shielding,” Nuclear Engineering and Technology, vol. 56, pp. 1943–1949, 2024.
  • A. Ajjaq, Ö. Barin, A. O. Çağırtekin, B. Soltabayev, S. Acar, “ZnO seed-mediated hydrothermal growth of advanced 1-D ZnO and 2-D CuO nanostructured oxide ceramics for gas sensing applications,” Ceramics International, vol. 49, pp. 40853–40865, 2023.
  • A.O. Çağırtekin, A. Ajjaq, Ö. Barin, S. Acar, “Temperature-dependent dielectric properties of p-n heterojunction diodes based on hydrothermally synthesized ZnO nanostructures,” Physica Scripta, vol. 98, pp. 105949, 2023.
  • M. Bura, G. Singh, D. Gupta, N. Malik, A. Salim, A. Kumar, R. Singhal, S. Kumar, S. Aggarwal, “Transition in the preferred orientation of RF sputtered ZnO/Si thin films by thermal annealing: Structural, morphological, and optical characteristics,” Optical Materials, vol. 133, pp. 113024, 2022.
  • A. Hassanpour, P. Guo, S. Shen, P. Bianucci, “The effect of cation doping on the morphology, optical and structural properties of highly oriented wurtzite ZnO-nanorod arrays grown by a hydrothermal method,” Nanotechnology, vol. 28, 2017.
  • E. Asikuzun Tokeser, O. Ozturk, S. Kurnaz, C. Cicek, T. Seydioglu, “A detailed research for determination of Er/Gd co-doping effect in ZnO-NPs thin films on optical, electrical and crystallographic properties,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 34, pp. 135, 2023.
  • S. Kaya, O. Ozturk, L. Arda, “Vertically aligned Nd substituted ZnO nanorods: Morphology, optical characteristics and room temperature ferromagnetism,” Current Applied Physics, vol. 35, pp. 45–57, 2022.
  • X. Yao, R. Wang, L. Wu, H. Song, J. Zhao, F. Liu, K. Fu, Z. Wang, F. Wang, J. Liu, “Highly Efficient NO2 Sensors Based on Al-ZnOHF under UV Assistance,” Materials, vol. 16, no.9, 3577, 2023.
  • Mursal, Irhamni, Bukhari, Z. Jalil, “Structural and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) based Thin Films Deposited by Sol-Gel Spin Coating Method,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1116, pp. 032020, 2018.
  • A. Chanda, S. Gupta, M. Vasundhara, S. R. Joshi, G.R. Mutta, J. Singh, “Study of structural, optical and magnetic properties of cobalt doped ZnO nanorods,” RSC Advances, vol. 7, pp. 50527–50536, 2017.
  • D. Parajuli, S. Dangi, B. R. Sharma, N. L. Shah, K. C. Devendra, “Sol-gel synthesis, characterization of ZnO thin films on different substrates, and bandgap calculation by the Tauc plot method," Bibechana, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 113–125, 2023.
  • R. S. Mohar, S. Iwan, D. Djuhana, C. Imawan, A. Harmoko, V. Fauzia, “Post-annealing effect on optical absorbance of hydrothermally grown zinc oxide nanorods,” in: AIP Conf Proc, American Institute of Physics Inc., 2016.
Year 2024, Volume: 28 Issue: 6, 1307 - 1314
https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1568148

Abstract

Project Number

SÜBİTAM-1901-23-001

References

  • A. Mohammadzadeh, S. K. Naghib Zadeh, M. H. Saidi, M. Sharifzadeh, “Mechanical engineering of solid oxide fuel cell systems: Geometric design, mechanical configuration, and thermal analysis,” Design and Operation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: The Systems Engineering Vision for Industrial Application, pp. 85–130, 2020.
  • S. Ebnesajjad, A. H. Landrock, “Adhesive Applications and Bonding Processes,” Adhesives Technology Handbook, pp. 206–234, 2015.
  • M. Joshi, B. S. Butola, “Application technologies for coating, lamination and finishing of technical textiles,” Advances in the Dyeing and Finishing of Technical Textiles, pp. 355–411, 2013.
  • D. Lončarević, Ž. Čupić, “The perspective of using nanocatalysts in the environmental requirements and energy needs of industry,” Industrial Applications of Nanomaterials, pp. 91–122, 2019.
  • I. A. Neacşu, A. I. Nicoară, O. R. Vasile, B. Ş. Vasile, “Chapter 9 - Inorganic micro- and nanostructured implants for tissue engineering, in: A.M. Grumezescu (Ed.),” Nanobiomaterials in Hard Tissue Engineering, William Andrew Publishing, 2016: pp. 271–295.
  • A. K. Sarkar, D. Sarmah, S. Baruah, P. Datta, “An Optimized Dip Coating Approach for Metallic, Dielectric, and Semiconducting Nanomaterial-Based Optical Thin Film Fabrication,” Coatings, vol. 13, no.8, 2023.
  • D. Grosso, “How to exploit the full potential of the dip-coating process to better control film formation,” J. Mater. Chem., vol. 21, pp. 17033–17038, 2011.
  • S. Patil, S. R. Sankapal, F. M. A. Almuntaser, “Dip Coating: Simple Way of Coating Thin Films,” Sankapal, B.R., Ennaoui, A., Gupta, R.B., Lokhande, C.D. (eds) Simple Chemical Methods for Thin Film Deposition, Springer Nature Singapore, 2023: pp. 425–447.
  • I. Arora, P. Kumar, T. S. Sathiaraj, R. Thangaraj, “Structure, optical and electrical properties of sol-gel derived Zn1.5+xSn1.5-xO4 nanostructured films for optoelectronic applications,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 698, pp. 137871, 2020.
  • Y. Mansilla, M. D. Arce, C. González-Oliver, J. Basbus, H. Troiani, A. Serquis, “Characterization of stabilized ZrO2 thin films obtained by sol-gel method,” Applied Surface Science, vol. 569, pp. 150787, 2021.
  • A. N. Khramov, V. N. Balbyshev, L. S. Kasten, R.A. Mantz, “Sol–gel coatings with phosphonate functionalities for surface modification of magnesium alloys,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 514, pp. 174–181, 2006.
  • M. M. Renjo, L. Ćurković, S. Štefančić, D. Ćorić, “Indentation size effect of Y-TZP dental ceramics,” Dental Materials, vol. 30, pp. e371–e376, 2014.
  • H. Oğul, M. O. Karaağaç, “Public attitudes toward nuclear power plants in Turkey,” Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 25, pp. 423–429, 2019.
  • “Sisteme ait yazılım,” https://github.com/ pararoglu/Dip_Coater/blob/main/Ana%20yazılım, (accessed Oct. 16, 2024).
  • L. Arda, O. Karatas, M. C. Alphan, E. Ozugurlu, “Electron spin resonance and photoluminescence studies of Co/Mg co-doped ZnO nanoparticles,” International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, vol. 21, pp. 2458–2473, 2024.
  • F. Mikailzade, H. Türkan, F. Önal, Ö. Karataş, S. Kazan, M. Zarbali, A. Göktaş, A. Tumbul, “Structural, optical and magnetic characterization of nanorod-shaped polycrystalline Zn1−xMnxO films synthesized using sol–gel technique,” Applied Physics A, vol. 126, pp. 768, 2020.
  • M. O. Karaağaç, A. Kabul, F. Yiğit, “Performance Analysis of Natural Gas Combined Cycle Power Plant,” Journal of Polytechnic, vol. 22, pp. 319–325, 2019.
  • M. Arif, A. Sanger, P. M. Vilarinho, A. Singh, “Effect of Annealing Temperature on Structural and Optical Properties of Sol–Gel-Derived ZnO Thin Films,” Journal of Electronic Materials, vol. 47, pp. 3678–3684, 2018.
  • N. K. Sarıtekin, Y. Zalaoglu, G. Yildirim, M. Doğruer, C. Terzioglu, A. Varilci, O. Gorur, “Determination of solid solubility level of Ho nanoparticles in Y-123 superconducting matrix and strong Cu1 site preference of nanoparticles,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 610, pp. 361–371, 2014.
  • A. EL Hichou, T. Jannane, M. Manoua, A. Liba, N. Fazouan, A. El Hichou, A. Almaggoussi, A. Outzourhit, M. Chaik, “Sol-gel Aluminum-doped ZnO thin films: Synthesis and characterization ZnO-Al and ZnO sol-gel View project Transparent conductor oxide View project Sol-gel Aluminum-doped ZnO thin films: synthesis and characterization,” J. Mater. Environ. Sci, vol. 8, pp. 160–168, 2017.
  • A. Ajjaq, F. Bulut, O. Ozturk, S. Acar, “Chemical precursor-dependent dual effect of doping on the gas-sensing performance of metal oxide semiconducting materials,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 420, pp. 136501, 2024.
  • F. Bulut, Ö. Ozturk, S. Acar, G. Yildirim, “Effect of Ni and Al doping on structural, optical, and CO gas sensing properties of 1D ZnO nanorods produced by hydrothermal method,” Microscopy Research and Technique, vol. 85, pp. 1502–1517, 2022.
  • A. Ajjaq, F. Bulut, O. Ozturk, S. Acar, “Advanced NH3 Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p–n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability,” ACS Sensors, vol. 9, pp. 895–911, 2024.
  • E. Asikuzun, O. Ozturk, “Comparison of theoretical and experimental microhardness of tetrahedral binary Zn1-xErxO semiconductor polycrystalline nanoparticles,” Ceramics International, vol. 45, pp. 4176–4183, 2019.
  • N. Setoudeh, C. Zamani, M. Sajjadnejad, “Formation of ZnO/Ni0.6Zn0.4O Mixture Using Mechanical Milling of Zn-NiO,” Materials Transactions, vol. 57, pp. 1597–1601, 2016.
  • H. D. Dhaygude, S. K. Shinde, N. B. Velhal, G. M. Lohar, V. J. Fulari, “Synthesis and characterization of ZnO thin film by low cost modified SILAR technique,” AIMS Materials Science, vol. 3, pp. 349–356, 2016.
  • H. Ogul, B. Gultekin, F. Bulut, H. Us, “A comparative study of 3D printing and sol-gel polymer production techniques: A case study on usage of ABS polymer for radiation shielding,” Nuclear Engineering and Technology, vol. 56, pp. 1943–1949, 2024.
  • A. Ajjaq, Ö. Barin, A. O. Çağırtekin, B. Soltabayev, S. Acar, “ZnO seed-mediated hydrothermal growth of advanced 1-D ZnO and 2-D CuO nanostructured oxide ceramics for gas sensing applications,” Ceramics International, vol. 49, pp. 40853–40865, 2023.
  • A.O. Çağırtekin, A. Ajjaq, Ö. Barin, S. Acar, “Temperature-dependent dielectric properties of p-n heterojunction diodes based on hydrothermally synthesized ZnO nanostructures,” Physica Scripta, vol. 98, pp. 105949, 2023.
  • M. Bura, G. Singh, D. Gupta, N. Malik, A. Salim, A. Kumar, R. Singhal, S. Kumar, S. Aggarwal, “Transition in the preferred orientation of RF sputtered ZnO/Si thin films by thermal annealing: Structural, morphological, and optical characteristics,” Optical Materials, vol. 133, pp. 113024, 2022.
  • A. Hassanpour, P. Guo, S. Shen, P. Bianucci, “The effect of cation doping on the morphology, optical and structural properties of highly oriented wurtzite ZnO-nanorod arrays grown by a hydrothermal method,” Nanotechnology, vol. 28, 2017.
  • E. Asikuzun Tokeser, O. Ozturk, S. Kurnaz, C. Cicek, T. Seydioglu, “A detailed research for determination of Er/Gd co-doping effect in ZnO-NPs thin films on optical, electrical and crystallographic properties,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 34, pp. 135, 2023.
  • S. Kaya, O. Ozturk, L. Arda, “Vertically aligned Nd substituted ZnO nanorods: Morphology, optical characteristics and room temperature ferromagnetism,” Current Applied Physics, vol. 35, pp. 45–57, 2022.
  • X. Yao, R. Wang, L. Wu, H. Song, J. Zhao, F. Liu, K. Fu, Z. Wang, F. Wang, J. Liu, “Highly Efficient NO2 Sensors Based on Al-ZnOHF under UV Assistance,” Materials, vol. 16, no.9, 3577, 2023.
  • Mursal, Irhamni, Bukhari, Z. Jalil, “Structural and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) based Thin Films Deposited by Sol-Gel Spin Coating Method,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1116, pp. 032020, 2018.
  • A. Chanda, S. Gupta, M. Vasundhara, S. R. Joshi, G.R. Mutta, J. Singh, “Study of structural, optical and magnetic properties of cobalt doped ZnO nanorods,” RSC Advances, vol. 7, pp. 50527–50536, 2017.
  • D. Parajuli, S. Dangi, B. R. Sharma, N. L. Shah, K. C. Devendra, “Sol-gel synthesis, characterization of ZnO thin films on different substrates, and bandgap calculation by the Tauc plot method," Bibechana, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 113–125, 2023.
  • R. S. Mohar, S. Iwan, D. Djuhana, C. Imawan, A. Harmoko, V. Fauzia, “Post-annealing effect on optical absorbance of hydrothermally grown zinc oxide nanorods,” in: AIP Conf Proc, American Institute of Physics Inc., 2016.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Metrology, Applied and Industrial Physics
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Fatih Bulut 0000-0001-5335-2307

Eda Günel 0009-0009-3569-1482

Project Number SÜBİTAM-1901-23-001
Early Pub Date December 23, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date October 16, 2024
Acceptance Date December 14, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 28 Issue: 6

Cite

APA Bulut, F., & Günel, E. (2024). Design of New Generation Low-Cost Dip Coating Device and Performance Tests in ZnO Thin Film Production. Sakarya University Journal of Science, 28(6), 1307-1314. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1568148
AMA Bulut F, Günel E. Design of New Generation Low-Cost Dip Coating Device and Performance Tests in ZnO Thin Film Production. SAUJS. December 2024;28(6):1307-1314. doi:10.16984/saufenbilder.1568148
Chicago Bulut, Fatih, and Eda Günel. “Design of New Generation Low-Cost Dip Coating Device and Performance Tests in ZnO Thin Film Production”. Sakarya University Journal of Science 28, no. 6 (December 2024): 1307-14. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1568148.
EndNote Bulut F, Günel E (December 1, 2024) Design of New Generation Low-Cost Dip Coating Device and Performance Tests in ZnO Thin Film Production. Sakarya University Journal of Science 28 6 1307–1314.
IEEE F. Bulut and E. Günel, “Design of New Generation Low-Cost Dip Coating Device and Performance Tests in ZnO Thin Film Production”, SAUJS, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1307–1314, 2024, doi: 10.16984/saufenbilder.1568148.
ISNAD Bulut, Fatih - Günel, Eda. “Design of New Generation Low-Cost Dip Coating Device and Performance Tests in ZnO Thin Film Production”. Sakarya University Journal of Science 28/6 (December 2024), 1307-1314. https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1568148.
JAMA Bulut F, Günel E. Design of New Generation Low-Cost Dip Coating Device and Performance Tests in ZnO Thin Film Production. SAUJS. 2024;28:1307–1314.
MLA Bulut, Fatih and Eda Günel. “Design of New Generation Low-Cost Dip Coating Device and Performance Tests in ZnO Thin Film Production”. Sakarya University Journal of Science, vol. 28, no. 6, 2024, pp. 1307-14, doi:10.16984/saufenbilder.1568148.
Vancouver Bulut F, Günel E. Design of New Generation Low-Cost Dip Coating Device and Performance Tests in ZnO Thin Film Production. SAUJS. 2024;28(6):1307-14.