Research Article
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PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING PRACTICES: COMPARISON OF TURKEY AND PORTUGAL EXPERIENCES

Year 2021, Issue: 123, 107 - 139, 04.02.2022
https://doi.org/10.52836/sayistay.1068428

Abstract

Participatory budgeting is a democratic innovation in which decisions about the use of the budget are made by the public. This study aims to analyze participatory budgeting practices and the experiences of Turkey and Portugal in this field comparatively. Comparison results of participatory budget initiatives implemented in Turkey and Portugal are analyzed on the budget cycle. The research revealed that there are many differences between the practices of the two countries. While citizens are a part of all phases of the budget cycle, such as preparation, approval, implementation, and oversight, in a deliberative manner and with their direct votes in Portugal, they are able to participate more in the preparation phase of the budget by expressing of their views in Turkey. The research contributes to the literature by comparing the participatory budget initiatives of the two countries within the framework of the implementation results and analyzing the findings in terms of public participation on the budget cycle

References

  • Akay, H. (2016), Yerel Yönetimlerde Katılımcı Mekanizmalar ve Süreçler, Türkiye Avrupa Vakfı
  • Allegretti, G. ve Dias, N. (2009), “The variable geometry of Participatory Budgeting: which lessons from the new Portuguese explosion”, in Proceedings of the Conference “Learning Democracy by Doing: Alternative Practices in Citizenship Learning and Participatory Democracy”, October 16-18, 2008, OISE/Toronto University, Toronto.
  • Allegretti, G. ve Antunes, S. (2014), The Lisbon Participatory Budget: Results and Perspectives on An Experience in Slow but Continuous Transformation, Field Actions Science Reportso The journal of field actions, (Special Issue 11).
  • Allegretti, G., Basolli. M. ve Colavolpe G. (2021), On the Verge of Institutionalisation? Participatory Budgeting Evidence in Five Italian Regions, Financial Journal, 13(2): 25-45.
  • Alves, M. L. ve Allegretti, G. (2012), (In)stability, a Key Element to Understand Participatory Budgeting: Discussing Portuguese Cases, Journal of Public Deliberation, 8(2), Article-3.
  • Aragones, E. ve Sánchez-Pagés, S. (2009), A Theory of Participatory Democracy Based on the Real Case of Porto Alegre, European Economic Review, 53(1): 56-72.
  • Arena E. (2018), “Participatory Budgeting in Argentina (2002-2018), Advances and setbacks in the construction of a participatory agenda”, s.123-133, Hope For Democracy – 30 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, Epopeiarecord, lda
  • Arnstein, S. R. (1969), A Ladder of Citizen Participation, Journal of the American Institute of planners, 35(4): 216-224.
  • Avritzer, L.; Navarro, Z. (2003), A inovação democrática no Brasil: o Orçamento Participativo, Ed. Cortez, São Paulo.
  • Cabannes, Y. (2004), Participatory budgeting: a significant contribution to participatory democracy, Environment and Urbanization, 16(1): 27-46, doi:10.1177/095624780401600104
  • Cabannes, Y. (2015), The Impact of Participatory Budgeting on Basic Services: Municipal Practices And Evidence From The Field, Environment and Urbanization, 27(1): 257-284. doi:10.1177/0956247815572297
  • Cabannes, Y. ve Lipietz, B. (2015), The Democratic Contribution of Participatory Budgeting (No. 15-168), Working Paper Series
  • Creighton, J.L. (2005), The Public Participation Handbook: Making Better Decisions Through Citizen Involvement, John Wiley&Sons, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Çoban, K. (2019), “Yerel Yönetimlerde Katılımcı Bütçeleme ve Kent Konseylerinin Rolü”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi SBE.
  • Dias, N. (2014a), “Twenty-Five Years of Participatory Budgets in The World A New Social and Political Movement?”, s. 21-27, Hope For Democracy – 25 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, In Loco Association
  • Dias, N. (2014b), “A Decade of Participatory Budgeting in Portugal, A Winding but Clarifying Path”, s.325-350, Hope For Democracy – 25 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, In Loco Association.
  • Dias, N. ve Júlio, S. (2018), “The Next Thirty Years of Participatory Budgeting in the World Start today s.15-32”, Hope for Democracy: 30 years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide.
  • Dias N., Sahsil E., Simone J. (2019), Participatory Budgeting World Atlas, Epopeia and Oficina, Portugal
  • Durak, B. (2017), Yerel Yönetimlerde Demokrasinin Yapı Taşı: Katılımcı Bütçeleme, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 9(1): 78-92.
  • Ergen, Z. (2012), Yönetimden Yönetişime: Katılımcı Bütçeleme Modeli, Maliye Dergisi, 163(17): 316-334.
  • Falanga, R. (2018), “The National Participatory Budget in Portugal: Opportunities and Challenges for Scaling up Citizen Participation in Policymaking”, s. 447-466, Hope for Democracy: 30 years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide
  • Falanga, R. ve Lüchmann, L. H. H. (2019), Participatory Budgets in Brazil and Portugal: Comparing Patterns of Dissemination, Policy Studies, 1–20. doi:10.1080/01442872.2019.1577373
  • Gergerlioğlu, U. ve Dibo, M. (2017), Avrupa Ülkeleri ve Türkiye Uygulamaları Kapsamında Katılımcı Bütçeleme Yaklaşımı, Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(63): 1142-1154.
  • Gua, H. and Neshkova, M. (2012), Citizen Input in the Budget Process: When Does It Matter Most?, The American Review of Public Administration ,43(3): 331–346.
  • Khan, M.A. (2005), “Engaged Governance’ and Citizen Participation in Pro-Poor Budgeting”, p.3-18, Citizen Participation and Pro-poor Budgeting, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, New York.
  • Kim, S. ve Schachter, H. L. (2013), Citizen Participation in the Budget Process and Local Government Accountability: Case Studies of Organizational Learning from the United States and South Korea, Public Performance & Management Review, 36(3): 456-471.
  • Klijn, Erik-Hans (2008), “Governance and Governance Networks in Europe: An Assessment of Ten Years of Research on the Theme”, Public Management Review, 10: 505–25.
  • Kocdemir, M. ve Yılmaz, H. H. (2020), Kamu Mali Yönetiminde Bütce Saydamlığı ve Yolsuzluk İlişkisi: Açık Bütce Endeksi ve Yolsuzluk Algılama Endeksi Üzerinden Bir Analiz, Sayıştay Dergisi, 33 (118), 71-99
  • Lüchmann L., Romão W. ve Borba J. (2018), 30 Years of Participatory Budgeting in Brazil: The Lessons Learned, p.89-103, Hope For Democracy – 30 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, in Loco Association.
  • Moynihan, D. (2007), Citizen Participation in Budgeting: Prospect for Developing Countries. Participatory Budgeting, ed. Anvar Shah, Worlbank Public Sector Governance and Accountability Series 39498.
  • Muñoz L.A. ve Bolívar, M. P. R. (2019), “Using Tools for Citizen Engagement on Large and Medium-Sized European Smart Cities”, p.23-36, E-Participation in Smart Cities: Technologies and Models of Governance for Citizen Engagement, Public Administration and Information Technology, Springer.
  • OECD (2017), Budget Transparency Toolkit, Practical Steps For Supporting Openness, Integrity and Accountability in Public Financial Management, OECD Public Governance Directorate
  • Özen, A. ve Yontar, G. (2009), Katılımcı Demokrasi Anlayışında Bütçeleme: Katılımcı Bütçeleme, Maliye Dergisi, (156): 280-293.
  • PBP (2021), PB Scoping Toolkit, A Guide for Officials & Staff Interested in Starting PB, Participatory Budgeting Project, https://www.participatorybudgeting.org/what-is pb/, Erişim: 20.11.2021
  • Peters, B. G. (2010), Meta-Governance and Public Management, In the New Public Governance?, ss. 52-67. Routledge.
  • Russell, B. (2017), Batı Felsefesi Tarihi, İlk Çağ Tarihi, (1. Cilt), (Çev: A.Fethi), İstanbul: Alfa.
  • Sakınç, S. ve Bursalıoğlu, S. A. (2014), Bütçelemede Demokratik Bir Değişim: Katılımcı Bütçeleme, Ejovoc (Electronic Journal of Vocational Colleges), 4(1): 1-10.
  • Sampaio, RC (2014), Orçamentos participativos digitais: um mapeamento mundial das experiências já realizadas e suas contribuições para e-participação e e-democracia, Doctoral Thesis, Universidade Federal Da Bahia.
  • Santos, B. (2003), Democratizar a democracia, Os caminhos da democracia participativa, Edições Afrontamento.
  • Sintomer, Y., Herzberg, C., Röcke, A. ve Allegretti, G. (2012), “Transnational Models of Citizen Participation: The Case of Participatory Budgeting”, Journal of Public Deliberation, v. 8, n.2, Article 9, doi: https://doi.org/10.16997/jdd.141
  • Sintomer, Y., Herzberg, C., Allegretti, G., Röcke, A. ve Alves, M. L. (2013), Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, Dialog Global, (25): 1-93.
  • Souza, B. (2002), Todo o poder emana do povo, Pelotas: Educat.
  • Sudders, M. ve Nahem, J. (2004), Governance Indicators: A Users’ Guide, Oslo: United Nations Development Programme.
  • TBB (2012), “Kardeş Şehirler, İyi Uygulama Örnekleri”, İller ve Belediyeler Dergisi, 776: 29-32.
  • UN-HABITAT (2004), 72 frequently asked questions about participatory budgeting, Global Campaign on Urban Governance, UN-HABITAT.
  • Uysal, A. B. (2016), Katılımcı Senaryo Tekniği Yardımıyla Tarihi Kentsel Alan İçin İyileştirme Stratejisinin Belirlenmesi, METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, 30(2).
  • Wampler, B. ve Avritzer, L. (2004), Participatory Publics: Civil Society and New Institutions in Democratic Brazil, Comparative Politics, 36(3): 291, doi:10.2307/4150132.
  • Wampler, B. (2007a), “A Guide to Participatory Budgeting”, p.21-54, Participatory Budgeting, Edited by Anwar Shah, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, NY
  • Wampler, B. (2007b), “Extending Citizenship and Accountability Through Participatory Budgeting” p.1-44, Participatory Budgeting in Brazil, Contestation, Cooperation, and Accountability, The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, PA.
  • Wampler, B. (2007c), Participatory Budgeting in Brazil. Contestation, Cooperation, and Accountability, Penn State Press.
  • Wampler, B.; McNulty, S. ve Touchton M. (2018), The Global Spread and Transformation of Participatory Budgeting, s. 55-72, Hope For Democracy – 30 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, Epopeiarecord, lda.
  • Yalçın, A.Z. (2015), Yerel Yönetimlerde Katılımcı Bütçeleme, Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 22(2): 311-329

KATILIMCI BÜTÇELEME UYGULAMALARI: TÜRKİYE VE PORTEKİZ DENEYİMLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Year 2021, Issue: 123, 107 - 139, 04.02.2022
https://doi.org/10.52836/sayistay.1068428

Abstract

Katılımcı bütçeleme, bütçenin kullanılmasıyla ilgili kararların halk tarafından alındığı, demokratik bir yeniliktir. Bu çalışma, katılımcı bütçeleme uygulamalarını ve Türkiye ve Portekiz’in bu alandaki deneyimlerini karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye ve Portekiz’de uygulanan katılımcı bütçe girişimlerinin karşılaştırma sonuçları, bütçe döngüsü üzerinde analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma, iki ülke uygulamaları arasında birçok farklılık olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Portekiz’de vatandaşlar müzakereci biçimde ve doğrudan oylarıyla bütçe döngüsünün hazırlık, onay, uygulama ve gözetim gibi tüm aşamalarının parçası olurken, Türkiye’de daha çok bütçenin hazırlık aşamasına, görüş bildirmek suretiyle katılabilmektedir. Araştırma, iki ülke katılımcı bütçe girişimini, uygulama
sonuçları çerçevesinde karşılaştırarak ve bulguları bütçe döngüsü üzerinde, halk katılımı bakımından analiz ederek literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır

References

  • Akay, H. (2016), Yerel Yönetimlerde Katılımcı Mekanizmalar ve Süreçler, Türkiye Avrupa Vakfı
  • Allegretti, G. ve Dias, N. (2009), “The variable geometry of Participatory Budgeting: which lessons from the new Portuguese explosion”, in Proceedings of the Conference “Learning Democracy by Doing: Alternative Practices in Citizenship Learning and Participatory Democracy”, October 16-18, 2008, OISE/Toronto University, Toronto.
  • Allegretti, G. ve Antunes, S. (2014), The Lisbon Participatory Budget: Results and Perspectives on An Experience in Slow but Continuous Transformation, Field Actions Science Reportso The journal of field actions, (Special Issue 11).
  • Allegretti, G., Basolli. M. ve Colavolpe G. (2021), On the Verge of Institutionalisation? Participatory Budgeting Evidence in Five Italian Regions, Financial Journal, 13(2): 25-45.
  • Alves, M. L. ve Allegretti, G. (2012), (In)stability, a Key Element to Understand Participatory Budgeting: Discussing Portuguese Cases, Journal of Public Deliberation, 8(2), Article-3.
  • Aragones, E. ve Sánchez-Pagés, S. (2009), A Theory of Participatory Democracy Based on the Real Case of Porto Alegre, European Economic Review, 53(1): 56-72.
  • Arena E. (2018), “Participatory Budgeting in Argentina (2002-2018), Advances and setbacks in the construction of a participatory agenda”, s.123-133, Hope For Democracy – 30 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, Epopeiarecord, lda
  • Arnstein, S. R. (1969), A Ladder of Citizen Participation, Journal of the American Institute of planners, 35(4): 216-224.
  • Avritzer, L.; Navarro, Z. (2003), A inovação democrática no Brasil: o Orçamento Participativo, Ed. Cortez, São Paulo.
  • Cabannes, Y. (2004), Participatory budgeting: a significant contribution to participatory democracy, Environment and Urbanization, 16(1): 27-46, doi:10.1177/095624780401600104
  • Cabannes, Y. (2015), The Impact of Participatory Budgeting on Basic Services: Municipal Practices And Evidence From The Field, Environment and Urbanization, 27(1): 257-284. doi:10.1177/0956247815572297
  • Cabannes, Y. ve Lipietz, B. (2015), The Democratic Contribution of Participatory Budgeting (No. 15-168), Working Paper Series
  • Creighton, J.L. (2005), The Public Participation Handbook: Making Better Decisions Through Citizen Involvement, John Wiley&Sons, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Çoban, K. (2019), “Yerel Yönetimlerde Katılımcı Bütçeleme ve Kent Konseylerinin Rolü”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi SBE.
  • Dias, N. (2014a), “Twenty-Five Years of Participatory Budgets in The World A New Social and Political Movement?”, s. 21-27, Hope For Democracy – 25 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, In Loco Association
  • Dias, N. (2014b), “A Decade of Participatory Budgeting in Portugal, A Winding but Clarifying Path”, s.325-350, Hope For Democracy – 25 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, In Loco Association.
  • Dias, N. ve Júlio, S. (2018), “The Next Thirty Years of Participatory Budgeting in the World Start today s.15-32”, Hope for Democracy: 30 years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide.
  • Dias N., Sahsil E., Simone J. (2019), Participatory Budgeting World Atlas, Epopeia and Oficina, Portugal
  • Durak, B. (2017), Yerel Yönetimlerde Demokrasinin Yapı Taşı: Katılımcı Bütçeleme, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 9(1): 78-92.
  • Ergen, Z. (2012), Yönetimden Yönetişime: Katılımcı Bütçeleme Modeli, Maliye Dergisi, 163(17): 316-334.
  • Falanga, R. (2018), “The National Participatory Budget in Portugal: Opportunities and Challenges for Scaling up Citizen Participation in Policymaking”, s. 447-466, Hope for Democracy: 30 years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide
  • Falanga, R. ve Lüchmann, L. H. H. (2019), Participatory Budgets in Brazil and Portugal: Comparing Patterns of Dissemination, Policy Studies, 1–20. doi:10.1080/01442872.2019.1577373
  • Gergerlioğlu, U. ve Dibo, M. (2017), Avrupa Ülkeleri ve Türkiye Uygulamaları Kapsamında Katılımcı Bütçeleme Yaklaşımı, Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(63): 1142-1154.
  • Gua, H. and Neshkova, M. (2012), Citizen Input in the Budget Process: When Does It Matter Most?, The American Review of Public Administration ,43(3): 331–346.
  • Khan, M.A. (2005), “Engaged Governance’ and Citizen Participation in Pro-Poor Budgeting”, p.3-18, Citizen Participation and Pro-poor Budgeting, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, New York.
  • Kim, S. ve Schachter, H. L. (2013), Citizen Participation in the Budget Process and Local Government Accountability: Case Studies of Organizational Learning from the United States and South Korea, Public Performance & Management Review, 36(3): 456-471.
  • Klijn, Erik-Hans (2008), “Governance and Governance Networks in Europe: An Assessment of Ten Years of Research on the Theme”, Public Management Review, 10: 505–25.
  • Kocdemir, M. ve Yılmaz, H. H. (2020), Kamu Mali Yönetiminde Bütce Saydamlığı ve Yolsuzluk İlişkisi: Açık Bütce Endeksi ve Yolsuzluk Algılama Endeksi Üzerinden Bir Analiz, Sayıştay Dergisi, 33 (118), 71-99
  • Lüchmann L., Romão W. ve Borba J. (2018), 30 Years of Participatory Budgeting in Brazil: The Lessons Learned, p.89-103, Hope For Democracy – 30 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, in Loco Association.
  • Moynihan, D. (2007), Citizen Participation in Budgeting: Prospect for Developing Countries. Participatory Budgeting, ed. Anvar Shah, Worlbank Public Sector Governance and Accountability Series 39498.
  • Muñoz L.A. ve Bolívar, M. P. R. (2019), “Using Tools for Citizen Engagement on Large and Medium-Sized European Smart Cities”, p.23-36, E-Participation in Smart Cities: Technologies and Models of Governance for Citizen Engagement, Public Administration and Information Technology, Springer.
  • OECD (2017), Budget Transparency Toolkit, Practical Steps For Supporting Openness, Integrity and Accountability in Public Financial Management, OECD Public Governance Directorate
  • Özen, A. ve Yontar, G. (2009), Katılımcı Demokrasi Anlayışında Bütçeleme: Katılımcı Bütçeleme, Maliye Dergisi, (156): 280-293.
  • PBP (2021), PB Scoping Toolkit, A Guide for Officials & Staff Interested in Starting PB, Participatory Budgeting Project, https://www.participatorybudgeting.org/what-is pb/, Erişim: 20.11.2021
  • Peters, B. G. (2010), Meta-Governance and Public Management, In the New Public Governance?, ss. 52-67. Routledge.
  • Russell, B. (2017), Batı Felsefesi Tarihi, İlk Çağ Tarihi, (1. Cilt), (Çev: A.Fethi), İstanbul: Alfa.
  • Sakınç, S. ve Bursalıoğlu, S. A. (2014), Bütçelemede Demokratik Bir Değişim: Katılımcı Bütçeleme, Ejovoc (Electronic Journal of Vocational Colleges), 4(1): 1-10.
  • Sampaio, RC (2014), Orçamentos participativos digitais: um mapeamento mundial das experiências já realizadas e suas contribuições para e-participação e e-democracia, Doctoral Thesis, Universidade Federal Da Bahia.
  • Santos, B. (2003), Democratizar a democracia, Os caminhos da democracia participativa, Edições Afrontamento.
  • Sintomer, Y., Herzberg, C., Röcke, A. ve Allegretti, G. (2012), “Transnational Models of Citizen Participation: The Case of Participatory Budgeting”, Journal of Public Deliberation, v. 8, n.2, Article 9, doi: https://doi.org/10.16997/jdd.141
  • Sintomer, Y., Herzberg, C., Allegretti, G., Röcke, A. ve Alves, M. L. (2013), Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, Dialog Global, (25): 1-93.
  • Souza, B. (2002), Todo o poder emana do povo, Pelotas: Educat.
  • Sudders, M. ve Nahem, J. (2004), Governance Indicators: A Users’ Guide, Oslo: United Nations Development Programme.
  • TBB (2012), “Kardeş Şehirler, İyi Uygulama Örnekleri”, İller ve Belediyeler Dergisi, 776: 29-32.
  • UN-HABITAT (2004), 72 frequently asked questions about participatory budgeting, Global Campaign on Urban Governance, UN-HABITAT.
  • Uysal, A. B. (2016), Katılımcı Senaryo Tekniği Yardımıyla Tarihi Kentsel Alan İçin İyileştirme Stratejisinin Belirlenmesi, METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, 30(2).
  • Wampler, B. ve Avritzer, L. (2004), Participatory Publics: Civil Society and New Institutions in Democratic Brazil, Comparative Politics, 36(3): 291, doi:10.2307/4150132.
  • Wampler, B. (2007a), “A Guide to Participatory Budgeting”, p.21-54, Participatory Budgeting, Edited by Anwar Shah, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, NY
  • Wampler, B. (2007b), “Extending Citizenship and Accountability Through Participatory Budgeting” p.1-44, Participatory Budgeting in Brazil, Contestation, Cooperation, and Accountability, The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, PA.
  • Wampler, B. (2007c), Participatory Budgeting in Brazil. Contestation, Cooperation, and Accountability, Penn State Press.
  • Wampler, B.; McNulty, S. ve Touchton M. (2018), The Global Spread and Transformation of Participatory Budgeting, s. 55-72, Hope For Democracy – 30 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide, Epopeiarecord, lda.
  • Yalçın, A.Z. (2015), Yerel Yönetimlerde Katılımcı Bütçeleme, Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 22(2): 311-329
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Public Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Giovanni Allegrettı This is me 0000-0001-6234-5168

Mehmet Koçdemir This is me

Publication Date February 4, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 123

Cite

APA Allegrettı, G., & Koçdemir, M. (2022). KATILIMCI BÜTÇELEME UYGULAMALARI: TÜRKİYE VE PORTEKİZ DENEYİMLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI. Sayıştay Dergisi, 32(123), 107-139. https://doi.org/10.52836/sayistay.1068428