Sporcularda Optimal Performans Duygu Durumunun Yordanmasında Beş Faktörlü Kişilik Özelliklerinin ve Mükemmeliyetçiliğin Rolü

Year 2016, Volume: 27 Issue: 1, 40 - 48, 29.07.2016

Aydan Gözmen , F. Hülya Aşçı

https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.251312

Cited By: 9

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı elit sporcuların kişilik özelliklerinin ve mükemmeliyetçilik düzeylerinin optimal performans duygu durumunu yordamasındaki rolünü araştırmaktır. Çalışmaya İstanbul ilinde süper, 1. ve 2. ligde yer alan 119 kadın (Xyaş=22.15 􀁲4.92) ve 144 erkek (Xyaş =23.94 􀁲4.85) toplam 263 (Xyaş=23.13 􀁲4.95) sporcu katılmıştır. Sporculara “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Sürekli Optimal Duygu Durum-2 Ölçeği”, “Beş Faktör Kişilik Özellikleri Ölçeği” ve “Çok Boyutlu Mükemmeliyetçilik Ölçeği” uygulanmıştır. Yapılan hiyerarşik regresyon analiz sonuçları, sporcuların gelişime açıklık ve öz denetim kişilik özelliklerinin optimal performans duygu durumunu yordadığını göstermiştir (p<0.05). Elde edilen bulgular, sporcuların kendine yönelik mükemmeliyetçilik düzeylerinin optimal performans duygu durumunu anlamlı olarak yordadığını göstermektedir (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak; sporcuların kişilik özelliklerinin ve mükemmeliyetçilik düzeylerinin, optimal performans duygu durumunu yordamada etkin rol oynadığı görülmektedir.

Keywords

Optimal performans duygu durumu, Kişilik, Mükemmeliyetçilik, Elit sporcu

The Role of Big Five Personality Traits and Perfectionism in Determining Dispositional Flow in Elite Athletes

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of personality traits and perfectionism in determining dispositional flow of elite athletes. One hundred nineteen females (Mage=22.15 􀁲4.92) and 114 males (Mage=23.94 􀁲4.85), a total of 263 (Mage=23.13 􀁲4.95) athletes voluntarily participated in this study. “Personal Information Form”, Dispositional Flow Scale- 2”, “The Big Five Inventory” and “Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale” were administered to athletes. The hierarchical regression analysis results showed that for athletes openness and conscientiousness personality traits significantly predicted flow state. (p<0.05). Analysis also revealed that selforiented perfectionism was a significant predictor of flow experiences in athletes. (p<0.05). As a result; personality traits and perfectionism dimensions of athletes play significant role in determining flow experiences.

Keywords

Flow, Personality, Perfectionism, Elite athlete

References

• Altıntaş A, Aşçı FH, Çağlar E. (2010). Sürekli optimal performans duygu durumu ve egzersiz davranışı. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Hacettepe J. of Sport Sciences, 21 (2), 71-78.
• Aşçı FH, Çağlar E, Eklund RC, Altıntaş A, Jackson S. (2007). Durumluk ve Sürekli Optimal Performans Duygu Durum-2 Ölçekleri’nin Uyarlama Çalışması, Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Hacettepe J. of Sport Sciences, 18(4), 182–196.
• Benet-Martínez V, John OP. (1998). Los Cinco Grandes across cultures and ethnic groups: multitrait multimethod analyses of the Big Five in Spanish and English. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(3), 729–750.
• Crust L, Swann C. (2013). The relationship between mental toughness and dispositional flow. European Journal of Sport Science, 13 (2), 215–220.
• Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Beyond Boredom and Anxiety. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
• Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. New York: Harper & Row, 1st ed, s: 71-95.
• Dormann CF, Elith J, Bacher S, Buchmann C, Carl G,
• Carré G ve diğ. (2013). Collinearity: A review of methods to deal with it and a simulation study evaluating their performance. Ecography,36 (1), 27–46.
• Erkmen G. (2015). Perfectionism and Dispositional Flow State in Exercise Setting: Mediating Role of Body Related Perceptions. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
• Hefferon K, Boniwell L. (2014). Pozitif Psikoloji. Kuram, Araştırma ve Uygulamalar. (T Doğan Çev.) İstanbul: Nobel Yayın.
• Hektner JM, Csikszentmihalyi M. (1996). Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association: A longitudinal exploration of flow and intrinsic motivation in adolescents. University of Chicago.
• Hewitt PL, Flett, GL. (1991). Perfectionism in the self and social contexts: conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60 (3), 456–470.
• Hills P, Argyle M. (2001). Happiness, introversion- extraversion and happy introverts. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(4), 595–608.
• Jackson SA. (1992). Athletes in flow: A qualitative investigation of flow states in elite figure skaters. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 4(2), 161–180.
• Jackson SA. (1996). Toward a conceptual understanding of the flow experience in elite athletes. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 67(1), 76–90.
• Jackson SA, Csikszentmihalyi M. (1999). Flow in Sports. Human Kinetics,s: 15-39.
• Jackson SA, Eklund RC. (2004). The Flow Scales Manual. Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technology
• Jackson SA, Kimiecik J, Ford S, Marsh HW. (1998). Psychological correlates of flow in sport. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 20, 358-378.
• Jackson SA, Roberts GC. (1992). Positive performance states of athletes: Toward a conceptual understanding of peak performance. The Sport Psychologist, 6(2), 156– 171.
• Judge TA, Ilies R. (2002). Relationship of personality to performance motivation: A meta-analytic review. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 797–807.
• Koehn S. (2007). Propensity and Attainment of Flow State. Doctorate Thesis, V.Ü, School Of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance, Faculty of Human Development.
• Komarraju M, Karau SJ, Schmeck RR. (2009). Role of the big five personality traits in predicting college students’ academic motivation and achievement. Learning and Individual Differences, 19(1), 47–52.
• Kowal J, Fortier MS. (1999). Motivational determinants of flow: Contributions from Self – Determination Theory. The Journal of Social Psychology,139 (3), 355-368.
• Linley PA, Josep S, Harrington S, Wood AM. (2006). Positive psychology: Past, present, and (possible) future, 1(1) 3–16.
• Nicholls AR, Polman RCJ, Holt NL. (2005). The effects of individualized imagery interventions on golf performance and flow states. Athletic Insight, 7(1), 43–66.
• Moneta GB. (2004). The flow experience across cultures. Journal of Happiness Studies, 5(2), 115–121.
• Moreno Murcia JA, Cervelló Gimeno E, González- Cutre Coll D. (2008). Relationships among goal orientations, motivational climate and flow in adolescent athletes: differences by gender. The Spanish Journal of Psychology,11(1), 181–191.
• Myers DG, Diener E. (1995). Who is happy? Psychological Science, 6 (1), 10-19.
• Olson T. (2011). Positive Perfectionism in Sport. Master Thesis. The University of Montana
• Oral, M. (1999). The Relationship Between Dimensions of Perfectionism, Stressful Life Events and Depressive Symptoms In University Students ‘A Test of Diathesis- Stress Model of Depression. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
• Rogatho TP. (2009). The influence of flow on positive affect in college students. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10(2), 133-148.
• Ross SR, Keiser HN. (2014). Autotelic personality through a five-factor lens: Individual differences in flow-propensity. Personality and Individual Differences, 59, 3–8.
• Russell WD. (2001). An examination of flow state occurrence in college athletes. Journal of Sport Behavior, 24(1), 83–107.
• Rusting CL, Larsen RJ. (1997). Extraversion, neuroticism, and susceptibility to positive and negative affect: A test of two theoretical models. Personality and Individual Differences, 22(5), 607–612.
• Schmitt DP, Allik J, McCrae RR, Benet-Martinez V. (2007). The Geographic Distribution of Big Five Personality Traits: Patterns and Profiles of Human Self-Description Across 56 Nations. Journal of Cross- Cultural Psychology, 38(2), 173–212.
• Seligman MEP, Csikszentmihalyi M. (2000). Positive psychology-An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14.
• Sheldon KM, King L. (2001). Why positive psychology is necessary. The American Psychologist, 56(3), 216–217.
• Stavrou NA, Jackson SA, Zervas Y, Karteroliotis K. (2007). Flow experience and athletes’ performance with reference to the orthogonal model of flow. The Sport Psychologist; (21), 438–457.
• Swann C, Keegan RJ, Piggott D, Crust L. (2012). A systematic review of the experience, occurrence, and controllability of flow states in elite sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(6), 807–819.
• Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. (2001). Using multivariate analysis. California State University Northridge: Harper Collins College Publishers.
• Ullen F, Manzano Ö, Almeida R, Magnusson PKE, Pedersen NL, Nakamura ve diğ. (2012). Proneness for psychological flow in everyday life: Associations with personality and intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences,52 (2), 167–172.
• Weinberg RS, Gould D. (2003). Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, s:24-49;144-147.