Mindfulness and Perinatal Mental Health: A Systematic Review

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 159 - 172, 15.12.2021

Özge Şiir Dağlar Nevin Hotun Şahin

https://doi.org/10.48071/sbuhemsirelik.951950

Abstract

Introduction: Mental problems such as anxiety, and depression in the perinatal period are common. These problems can lead to many negative consequences in terms of maternal and infant health. Moreover, providing non-pharmacological approaches to pregnant and lactating women is important because of the potential risks associated with the use of psychotropic drugs. Although there is information that mindfulness-based practices are a new approach in solving perinatal mental health problems, there is not enough evidence about their effectiveness.
Aim: The purpose of this review is to systematically analyze current information and studies regarding the effectiveness of mindfulness in pregnancy, and postpartum periods to support perinatal mental health.
Method: The literature review was done with the studies between January 2016 and April 2021. The keywords "Mindfulness", "Meditation", "Pregnancy", "Prenatal", "Perinatal" and "Postpartum" were used for literature review. Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct databases were searched. As a result of the search, 18.250 publications were reached and 16 studies meeting the criteria were included in the review.
Results: According to the results of the studies examined, it was determined that the 8-week mindfulness-based programs applied to pregnant women decreased the perceived stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms and the level of postpartum depression in pregnant women. The current systematic review results showed that mindfulness-based programs increased the level of awareness and self-compassion of pregnant women.
Conclusion: Mindfulness-based practices reduce the level of stress, anxiety, and depression in the perinatal period and increase the level of conscious awareness.

Keywords

Anxiety, depression, mindfulness, pregnancy, stress

Bilinçli Farkındalık (Mindfulness) ve Perinatal Ruh Sağlığı: Bir Sistematik Derleme

Abstract

Giriş: Perinatal dönemde anksiyete ve depresyon gibi ruhsal sorunlar yaygındır. Bu sorunlar anne ve bebek sağlığı açısından birçok olumsuz sonuçlara yol açabilmektedir. Gebe ve emziren kadınlar için psikotrop ilaç kullanımıyla ilişkili potansiyel riskler nedeniyle bu kadınlara farmakolojik olmayan yaklaşımlar ile destek sağlamak önemlidir. Bilinçli farkındalık temelli uygulamaların perinatal ruh sağlığı sorunlarının çözümünde yeni bir yaklaşım olduğuna dair bilgiler olsa da etkinlikleri hakkında yeterli kanıtlar bulunmamaktadır.
Amaç: Bu derlemenin amacı perinatal ruh sağlığını desteklemek amacıyla gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemde bilinçli farkındalığın (mindfulness) etkinliği hakkında güncel bilgi ve çalışmaları sistematik olarak analiz etmektir.
Yöntem: Literatür taraması, Ocak 2016 - Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında yayınlanmış çalışmaları içermektedir. Literatür taraması için “Mindfulness”, “Meditation”, “Pregnancy”, “Prenatal”, “Perinatal” ve “Postpartum” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılmıştır. Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane ve Science Direct veri tabanlarında tarama yapılmıştır. Tarama sonucunda 18.250 yayına ulaşılmış olup, kriterleri sağlayan 16 çalışma derleme kapsamına alınmıştır.
Bulgular: İncelenen çalışmaların sonucuna göre gebe kadınlara uygulanan sekiz haftalık bilinçli farkındalık temelli programların gebelerdeki algılanan stres, anksiyete ve depresif belirtiler ile postpartum depresyon düzeyini azalttığı belirlenmiştir. Bilinçli farkındalık temelli programların gebelerin bilinçli farkındalık ve kendine şefkat düzeylerini artırdığı görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Bilinçli farkındalık temelli uygulamalar perinatal dönemde stres, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyini azaltmakta, bilinçli farkındalık düzeyini artırmaktadır.

Keywords

Anksiyete, depresyon, farkındalık, gebelik, stres

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