Voltammetric Determination of Nickel (II) at Modified Pencil Graphite Electrodes with Dithiophosphate Derivatives

Abstract

In this work, the two modifiers of dithiophosphate derivatives, ammonium diisobutyldithiophosphate (L1) and ammonium diisopropyldithiophosphate (L2) have been used as modifiers for preparing polypyrrole (PPy)-based pencil graphite electrodes (PGE) for the electrochemical determination of Ni(II). Dithiophosphate-modified pencil graphite electrodes are named as PGE/PPy/L1 and PGE/PPy/L2. All parameters such as cycle number, scan rate, pH and dithiophosphate concentration were optimized. After optimization, PGE/PPy/L1 and PGE/PPy/L2 electrodes were used to determine Ni(II) ions by means of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). PGE/PPy/L1 and PGE/PPy/L2 electrodes showed a linear response between 4-10 mg/L (r2= 0.9944) and 2-9 mg/L (r2= 0.9924), respectively. The limit of detection of PGE/PPy/L1 and PGE/PPy/L2 were found as 0.87 mg/L and 0.96 mg/L (S/N = 3), respectively. The interferent effects of various cations on the determination of Ni(II) were investigated. Finally, the prepared PGE/PPy/L1 and PGE/PPy/L2 electrodes was applied to Ni(II) detection in different water samples.

Keywords

• Differential pulse voltammetry
• Dithiophosphates
• Pencil graphite electrode
• Polypyrrole
• Voltammetric determination
• Nickel(II)

Ditiyofosfat Türevleri ile Modifiye edilen Kalem Grafit Elektrotlarında Nikel(II)’ nin Voltametrik Tayini

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, ditiyofosfat türevlerinin iki modifiyeri olan amonyum diizobutilditiyofosfat (L1) ve amonyum diizopropilditiyofosfat (L2), Ni(II)'nin elektrokimyasal tayini için polipirol (PPy) bazlı kalem grafit elektrotları (PGE) hazırlamak amacıyla modifiyer olarak kullanılmıştır. Ditiyofosfatla modifiye edilmiş kalem grafit elektrotlar PGE/PPy/L1 ve PGE/PPy/L2 olarak adlandırılmıştır. Döngü sayısı, tarama hızı, pH ve ditiyofosfat konsantrasyonu gibi tüm parametreler optimize edilmiştir. Optimizasyondan sonra, PGE/PPy/L1 ve PGE/PPy/L2 elektrotları diferansiyel puls voltametrisi (DPV) ile Ni(II) iyonlarının tayini için kullanılmıştır. PGE/PPy/L1 ve PGE/PPy/L2 elektrotları sırasıyla 4-10 mg/L (r2= 0.9944) ve 2-9 mg/L (r2= 0.9924) arasında doğrusal bir cevap göstermiştir. PGE/PPy/L1 ve PGE/PPy/L2 elektrotlarının tayin sınırları da sırasıyla 0.87 mg/L ve 0.96 mg/L (S/N = 3) olarak bulunmuştur. Çeşitli katyonların Ni(II) tayini üzerindeki girişim etkileri de ayrıca incelenmiştir. Son olarak, hazırlanan PGE/PPy/L1 ve PGE/PPy/L2 elektrotları farklı su örneklerindeki Ni(II) tayini için kullanılmıştır.

Keywords

• Diferansiyel puls voltametri
• Ditiyofosfatlar
• Kurşun grafit elektrot
• Polipirol
• Voltametrik tayin
• Nikel(II)

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