Kent Morfolojisi ve Mekansal Kalite: Mahallelerde Yürünebilirliğin Mekansal İstatiksel Analizler ve Grafik Teorisi ve Mekan Dizimi Ölçütleri ile Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın temel hedefi mekanın morfolojik özellikleri ile mekansal kalite arasında ilişkinin irdelenmesidir. Böylece, farklı morfoljiye sahip kent parçalarında mekansal kalitenin nasıl değiştiği irdelenecektir. İzmir İli, Foça İlçesinde 4 çalışma alanı seçilmiştir; (A) kent merkezine komşu konut alanı / yeni gelişme alanı, (B) kentin çeperinde konut alanı / yeni gelişme alanı, (C) karma kullanım alanı / tarihi kent merkezi, (D) kent çeperinde sahil şeridine komşu konut alanı / yeni gelişme alanı.  Çalışma alanı olarak her bölgede Grafik Teorisi ve Mekan dizimi parametreleri hesaplanmış, mekansal istatiksel analizler yapılmış ve çalışma alanlarının sokak dokusu ve baskın arazi kullanımı yönü ile morfolojik sınıfı tanımlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra mekanın yürünebilirliği ne ölçüde desteklediğini belirten parametreler üzerinden her bölgede mekansal kalite ölçülmüştür; (1) yayayı korkutan yapıların, (2) yayayı korkutan boşlukların, (3) yayayı çeken yeşil alanların, (4) yayayı çeken ticari birimlerin oranları mekansal istatiksel analiz araçları ile hesaplanmıştır. Son olarak, elde edilen bu veriler ışığında morfolojik özellikler ile mekansal kalite arasında ilişki tartışılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar araştırmanın temel hipotezi olan “mekansal kalite morfolojik sınıflara göre farklılık gösterir” savına destek sunmaktadır. Ancak daha genellenebilir sonuçlar için bu konuda farklı örneklemleri kapsayan daha çok çalışma yapılması gerekir.

Keywords

• Mekan dizimi,Kent morfolojisi,Kentsel desen,Grafik teorisi,Yürünebilirlik,Mekansal kalite

The Relation Between Urban Morphology and Physical Environmental Qualities: Comparing Walkability in Neighborhoods via Analyses of Spatial Statistics and Indices of Graph Theory and Space Syntax

Abstract

This study aims to compare morphological structure and physical environmental qualities in different neighbourhoods of a small town and investigate whether physical environmental qualities vary by urban morphology. Four neighborhoods were selected in small town Foca, Izmir, Turkey : (A) residential area next to the city center / new development area, (B) residential area at the periophery / new development area, (C) a mixed use area / historical city center, (D) residential area next to the seashore / new development area. First, the spatial statistical analyses were run and indices of Graph Theory and Space Syntax were calculated for each zone to define the morphological characteristics, (the street network characteristics and the dominant urban landuse). Then, the physical environmental qualities that relate to walkability: (1) Proportion of buildings that pedestrians escape, (2) Proportion of parcels that pedestrians escape, (3) Proportion of pop of cafes on the street, and (4) proportion of green areas were measured by spatial statistical analyses. Finally, the relation between morphological characteristics and physical qualities was investigated. The results provide partial support to the main hypothesis (physical environmental quality differs by environmental morphological characteristics). More research are on call to expand the findings for different size of cities.

Keywords

• Graph theory,Space syntax,Urban morphology,Walkability,Urban pattern,Physical environmental qualities

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