MR Kafa Görüntülerinden Otomatik Kafatası, Doku ve Lezyon Bölütlemesi: Olasılıksal ve Kararlı Bir Yaklaşım

Year 2018, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 258 - 271, 16.04.2018

Evgin Göçeri , Melih Günay , Utku Şenol

Abstract

Nörodegeneratif hastalıkların teşhisinde veya tedavi sürecinde beyin dokularındaki değişim, kapladığı alan, oluşmuş ise lezyonların sayısı, konumu ve büyüklüğü gibi bilgilere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu amaçla, kafatası, beyin dokuları ve lezyonlar tıbbi görüntülerden elcil yöntemle bölütlenmekte; bu yapıların kenarlarına, lezyonların sayı ve büyüklük değerlerine kişisel olarak karar verilmektedir. Görüntülerin görsel olarak incelenip analiz edilmesi, doktorlar için zaman alıcı, yorucu ve dikkat gerektiren bir işlemdir. Bununla birlikte, görüntüleme tekniğinden kaynaklanan gürültü ve görüntüdeki gri seviye değişimlerinin düşük olması, bu görsel analizi ve elcil yöntemle görüntü bölütlemeyi daha da zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu durum, kişisel değerlendirme sonuçlarını etkilemekte, farklı doktorların aynı görüntüde farklı kararlar vermesine, hatta aynı doktorun aynı görüntü üzerinde, farklı zamanlarda farklı kararlar vermesine sebep olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada, kafa görüntülerinden kafatası, beyin dokusu ve lezyon bölütlemesini otomatik olarak gerçekleştiren bir bilgisayar destekli yaklaşım önerilmektedir. Önerilen bütünleşik yaklaşımda, manyetik rezonans görüntüleri kullanılmış olup, kafatası ve doku bölütlemesi Gauss Karma Modele dayalı olarak olasılıksal bir yöntem ile sağlanırken, lezyon bölütlemesi düzey kümesine dayalı kararsal bir yöntem ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen yazılım sayesinde, lezyon bölütleme başarıyla (maksimum simetrik yüzey uzaklığı 5.76±3.24 mm) gerçekleştirilebilmektedir.

Keywords

Doku bölütlemesi, Kafa MR görüntüsü; Kafatası bölütlemesi; Kararsal yaklaşım; Olasılıksal yaklaşım; Lezyon bölütlemesi

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