Hasta Merkezli Bakım Yetkinlik Ölçeği: Türkçe Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırma ile, 2015 yılında Hwang tarafından geliştirilen “Hasta Merkezli Bakım Yetkinlik Ölçeği (HMBYÖ)” nin Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışmasının yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Materyal-Metot: Çalışma, Kırıkkale’de bir kamu hastanesinde görev yapan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden, 276 hemşire ve ebe ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin elde edilmesinde Türkçe HMBYÖ ve katılımcı bilgi formundan oluşan anketler kullanılmıştır. Analizler SPSS-Amos-21 programı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin dil geçerliliği için Türkçeye çeviri ve tekrar İngilizceye çeviri yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini belirleyebilmek için açıklayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca ölçeğin güvenilirliğini belirlemek amacıyla Cronbach’s Alpha değeri hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: HMBYÖ’nin 17 maddesi faktör analizine dâhil edilmiş, ancak en iyi modelin elde edilebilmesi için toplamda 3 madde (madde 5, 6, 11) analiz dışı bırakılmıştır. Kalan 14 madde orijinal ölçekteki dört faktörlü yapı ile benzer olarak toplam varyansın %69’unu açıklayan dört faktörlü bir yapı sergilemiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizine 14 soru ve 4 boyut dâhil edilerek elde edilen modelin uyum iyilikleri değerlendirilmiş ve kabul edilebilir değerlerde olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin Cronbach’s Alpha değeri 0,915 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Analizler, HMBYÖ’nin bu Türkçe versiyonunun, sağlık bakım personelinin sunmuş olduğu hizmetlerin hasta merkezli olma özelliğini değerlendirmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Sağlık Hizmetleri
• Hasta Merkezli Bakım
• Ölçek
• Geçerlilik
• Güvenilirlik

Patient-Centered Care Competency Scale: Turkish Validity and Reliability Study

Abstract

Objective: With this research, it was aimed to conduct the Turkish validity and reliability study of the “Patient-Centered Care Competence Scale (PCCS)” developed by Hwang in 2015. Material-Method: The study was carried out with 276 nurses and midwives, which working in a public hospital in Kırıkkale and agreeing to participate this research. Questionnaires consisting of Turkish PCCS and participant information form were used to collect data. The analyses were carried out with the SPSS-Amos-21 program. For the language validity of the scale, from English to Turkish translation and again to English translation method were used. Explanatory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out to determine the construct validity of the scale. Cronbach's Alpha value was calculated to determine the reliability of the scale. Results: 17 items of the PCCS were included in the factor analysis, but 3 items (items 5,6,11) were excluded from the analysis in order to obtain the best model. The remaining 14 items exhibited a four-factor structure that explained 69% of the total variance, similar to the four-factor structure of the original scale. Confirmatory factor analysis included 14 questions and 4 dimensions, and the model's goodness of fit was evaluated and found acceptable. Cronbach’s Alpha value of the scale was determined to be 0.915. Conclusion: The analyses carried out show that, this Turkish version of PCCS can be used as a valid and reliable tool in evaluating the patient-centered feature of the services provided by healthcare personnel.

Keywords

• Healthcare Services
• Patient Centered Care
• Scale
• Validity
• Reliability

References

1. 1. Zill JM, Scholl I, Härter M, Dirmaier J. Evaluation of dimensions and measurement scales in patient-centeredness. PPA. 2013;7:345-51.
2. 2. Lega F, De Pietro C, Converging patterns in hospital organization: beyond the professional bureaucracy. Health Policy. 2005;74(3):261-81.
3. 3. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Announces new research priorities: Patient-centered care and payment and organization. AHRQ Research Activities. 2001;252:16-7.
4. 4. Lapum J, Fredericks S, Beanlands H, McCay E, Schwind J, Romaniuk DA. Cyborg ontology in health care: traversing into the liminal space between technology and person-centred practice. Nurs Philos. 2012;13(4):276-88.
5. 5. Bachnick S, Ausserhofer D, Baernholdt M, Simon M, Match RN study group. Patient-centered care, nurse work environment and implicit rationing of nursing care in Swiss acute care hospitals: a cross-sectional multi-center study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2018;81:98-106.
6. 6. Sidani S, Fox M. Patient-centered care: clarification of its specific elements to facilitate interprofessional care. J Interprof Care. 2014;28(2):134-41.
7. 7. Hwang, JI. Development and testing of a patient‐centred care competency scale for hospital nurses. Int J Nurs Pract. 2015;21(1):43-51.
8. 8. Radwin LE, Cabral H, Bokhour BG, Seibert MN, Stolzmann K, Annis A, et al. A scale to measure nurses’ and providers’ patient centered care in primary care settings. Patient Educ Coun. 2019;102(12):2302-09.

9. 9. Lee YM, Song JE, Park C, Son YJ. Psychometric evaluation of the Korean version of patient-centered care scale for hospital nurses. Eval Health Prof. 2019;42(3):344-65.
10. 10. Sidani S, Collins L, Harbman P, MacMillan K, Reeves S, Hurlock-Chorostecki C, et al. Development of a measure to assess healthcare providers' implementation of patient-centered care. Worldv on Evid-Based Nu. 2014;11(4):248-57.
11. 11. Cramm JM, Nieboer AP. Validation of an instrument for the assessment of patient-centred care among patients with multi-morbidity in the primary care setting: the 36-item patient-centred primary care instrument. BMC Family Practice. 2018;19:143-53.
12. 12. Epstein RM, Street RL. Patient-centered communication in cancer care: promoting healing and reducing suffering. National Cancer Institute; Bethesda (No. 07-6225). NIH Publication; 2007.
13. 13. Institute of Medicine. The future of nursing: leading change, advancing health. Washington (DC): National Academies Press; 2011.
14. 14. Ortiz MR. Patient-Centered Care: nursing knowledge and policy. Nurs Sci Quart. 2018;31(3):291-95.
15. 15. Lusk JM, Fater KA. Concept analysis of patient-centered care. Nurs Forum. 2013;48: 89‐98.
16. 16. McCormack BA. Conceptual framework for person‐centred practice with older people. Int J Nurs Pract. 2003;9(3):202-09.
17. 17. Hobbs JL. A dimensional analysis of patient-centered care. Nurs Res. 2009;58(1):52-62.
18. 18. Laschinger HS, Hall LM, Pederson C, Almost J. Psychometric analysis of the patient satisfaction with nursing care quality questionnaire: an actionable approach to measuring patient satisfaction. J Nurs Care Qual. 2005;20:220-39.
19. 19. Suhonen R, Papastavrou E, Efstathiou G, Tsangari H, Jarosova D, Leino-Kilpi H, et al. Patient satisfaction as an outcome of individualised nursing care. Scand. J. Caring Sci. 2012;26(2):372-80.
20. 20. McMillan SS, Kendall E, Sav A, King MA, Whitty JA, Kelly F, et al. Patient-centered approaches to health care: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Med Care Res Rev. 2013;70(6):567-96.
21. 21. Rathert C Wyrwich MD Boren SA. Patient-centered care and outcomes: a systematic review of the literature. Med Care Res Rev. 2013;70(4):351-79.
22. 22. Sidani S. Effects of patient-centered care on patient outcomes: an evaluation. Res Theory Nurs Pract, 2008;22:24-37.
23. 23. Suhonen R, Välimäki M, Katajisto J, Leino-Kilpi H. Provision of individualised care improves hospital patient outcomes: an explanatory model using LISREL. Int J Nurs Stud. 2007;44:197-207.
24. 24. Pirhonen L, Olofsson EH, Fors A, Ekman I, Bolin K. Effects of person-centred care on health outcomes—a randomized controlled trial in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Health Policy. 2017;121(2):169-79.
25. 25. Stone SA. Retrospective evaluation of the impact of the planetree patient‐centred model of care on inpatient quality outcomes. HERD. 2008;1:55- 69.
26. 26. Pirhonen L, Bolin K, Olofsson EH, Fors A, Ekman I, Swedberg K. et al. Person-centred care in patients with acute coronary syndrome: cost-effectiveness analysis alongside a randomised controlled trial. Pharmacoeconomics. 2019;3(4):495-504.
27. 27. Bertakis KD, Azari R. Patient-centered care is associated with decreased health care utilization. J Am Board Fam Med. 2011;24(3):229-39.
28. 28. Sweeney L, Halpert A, Waranoff J. Patient-centered management of complex patients can reduce costs without shortening life. Am J Manag Care. 2007;13(2):84-92.
29. 29. Tavşancıl E. Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri analizi. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım; 2006.
30. 30. Alpar R. Çok değişkenli istatistiksel yöntemler. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık; 2013.
31. 31. Hattie J. Methodology review: assessing unidimensionality of tests and items. Appl Psych Meas. 1985; 9(2):139-64.
32. 32. Büyüköztürk Ş. Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık; 2007.
33. 33. Özdamar K. Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi. Eskişehir: Kaan Kitapevi; 2004.
34. 34. Altunışık R, Coşkun R, Bayraktaroğlu S, Yıldırım E. Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri SPSS uygulamalı. İstanbul: Sakarya Kitapevi; 2005.
35. 35. Hudon C, Fortin M, Haggerty JL, Lambert M, Poitras M.E. Measuring patients’ perceptions of patient-centered care: a systematic review of tools for family medicine. Ann Fam Med. 2011; 9(2): 155-164.
36. 36. Shin S, Kang J. Development and Validation of a Person-Centered Perioperative Nursing Scale. Asian Nurs. Res., 2019; 13(3): 221-227.
37. 37. Ree E, Wiig S, Manser T, Storm M. How is patient involvement measured in patient centeredness scales for health professionals? A systematic review of their measurement properties and content. BMC health services research, 2019; 19(1): 1-13.
38. 38. Köberich S, Farin E. A systematic review of instruments measuring patients′ perceptions of patient-centred nursing care. Nurs Inq. 2015;22(2):106–120.
39. 39. Yoshida S, Matsushima M, Wakabayashi H, Mutai R, Murayama S, Hayashi T, ... Fujinuma Y. Validity and reliability of the Patient Centred Assessment Method for patient complexity and relationship with hospital length of stay: a prospective cohort study. BMJ open. 2017;7(5):1-8.
40. 40. Tzelepis F, Sanson-Fisher RW, Zucca AC, Fradgley EA. Measuring the quality of patient-centered care: why patient-reported measures are critical to reliable assessment. Patient Prefer. Adherence. 2015; 9: 831-835.
41. 41. Edvardsson D, Sandman PO, Rasmussen B. Construction and psychometric evaluation of the Swedish language person-centred climate questionnaire-staff version. J Nurs Manag. 2009; 17(7): 790–795.
42. 42. Bergland A, Kirkevold M, Edvardsson D. Psychometric properties of the Norwegian person-centred climate questionnaire from a nursing home context. Scand J Caring Sci. 2012; 26(4): 820 – 828.
43. 43. Edvardsson D, Fetherstonhaugh D, Nay R, Gibson S. Development and initial testing of the person-centered care assessment tool (P-CAT). Int Psychogeriatr. 2010; 22(1): 101–108.
44. 44. Rokstad AMM, Engedal K, Edvardsson D, Selbæk G. Psychometric evaluation of the Norwegian version of the person-centred care assessment tool. Int J Nur Pract. 2012; 18(1): 99–105.
45. 45. Martínez T, Suárez-Álvarez J, Yanguas J, Muñiz J. Spanish validation of the person-centered care assessment tool (P-CAT). Aging Ment Health. 2016; 20(5): 550–558.
46. 46. Suhonen R, Gustafsson ML, Katajisto J, Valimaki M, Leino-Kilpi H. Individualized care scale - nurse version: a Finnish validation study. J Eval Clin Pract. 2010; 16(1): 145–154.
47. 47. Choi J-S, Lee M. Psychometric properties of a Korean measure of persondirected Care in Nursing Homes. Res Soci Work Pract. 2014; 24(6): 676–684.