Balance, Physical Activity and Performance in the Elderly Living in Community Dwelling Elderly

Year 2021, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 44 - 51, 30.04.2021

Mehmet Duray , Tuba Can Akman , Pınar Yaşar

Abstract

Objective: As a result of anatomical and physiological changes observed with aging, physical deficiencies such as decrease in physical activity level (PAL), balance problems and performance decrease can be seen. This study was planned to examine the relationship between PAL, balance and physical performance of older people. Material and Method: Fifty older people were included in the study. After the sociodemographic characteristics of participants were recorded, Seven Day Physical Activity Recall Questionnaire (SDPARQ), was used to determine PAL. Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) for evaluation of balance, 4-meter Walk Gait Speed Test (4MWGST), five repetition sit to stand test (5RSST) and standing tests (ST) for physical performance evaluation respectively applied. Results: Groups were similar in terms of demographic characteristics (p>0.05). It was observed that the 5RSST scores of the group with higher PAL were statistically higher (p<0.05). It was found that SDPARQ scores did not have a statistically significant relationship with body mass index (BMI) and TUGT results (p>0.05), but there was a significant relationship between BMI and TUGT results (p<0.05). While SDPARQ scores and 4MWGST and 5RSST results were found to be positively moderate significant, there was a significant relationship between TUGT and 4MWGST and 5RSST (p<0.05). Conclusion: Older people with high PAL have higher physical performance, including lower body strength and walking speed. Keeping the BMI and dynamic balance at the optimal level in these individuals indirectly contributes to increasing the PAL by increasing the performance. 

Toplum İçinde Yaşayan Yaşlılarda Denge, Fiziksel Aktivite ve Performans

Abstract

Amaç: Yaşlanma ile birlikte gözlenen anatomik ve fizyolojik değişiklikler sonucunda fiziksel aktivite düzeyinde (FAD) azalma, denge problemleri ve performans düşüşü gibi fiziksel yetersizlikler görülebilmektedir. Bu çalışma, toplum içinde yaşayan yaşlı bireylerin FAD, denge ve fiziksel performansları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla planlandı. Materyal-Metot: Çalışmaya 50 yaşlı birey dahil edildi. Katılımcıların sosyodemografik özellikleri kaydedildikten sonra, FAD’yi belirlemek için kullanılan 7-günlük Fiziksel Aktivite Hatırlama Anketi (7-FAHA) sonuçlarına göre katılımcılar iki gruba ayrıldı. Dinamik dengenin değerlendirilmesi için Zamanlı Kalk Yürü Testi (ZKYT) ve fiziksel performans değerlendirmesi için Kısa Fiziksel Performans Bataryası (KFPB) içinde yer alan 4 metre Yürüme Testi (4MYT), 5 kez Sandalyeye Otur Kalk Testi (5SOKT) ve Ayakta Duruş Testleri (ADT) sırasıyla uygulandı. Bulgular: FAD yüksek olan grubun 5SOKT skorlarının istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek olduğu bulundu (p<0,05). 7-FAHA puanlarının beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) ve ZKYT sonuçları ile istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı ilişkiye sahip olmadığı (p>0,05) ancak BKİ ve ZKYT sonuçları arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu bulundu (p<0,05). 7-FAHA puanları ile 4MYT ve 5SOKT sonuçlarının pozitif yönde orta düzeyde anlamlı ilişkisi olduğu bulunurken, ZKYT sonuçları ile 4MYT ve 5SOKT arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05). Sonuç: FAD yüksek olan yaşlı bireylerin alt gövde kuvveti ve yürüyüş hızını içeren fiziksel performansları daha yüksektir. Bu bireylerde BKİ’nin ve dinamik dengenin optimal düzeyde tutulması, performansı artırarak FAD’ nin artırılmasına dolaylı olarak katkı sağlamaktadır. 

Keywords

denge, fiziksel aktivite, performans, yaşlı

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