PROTECTIVE ROLE OF ANKAFERD BLOOD STOPPER ON CADMIUM-INDUCED ACUTE NEPHROTOXICITY

Year 2023, , 111 - 118, 14.03.2023

İlter İlhan , Halil İbrahim Büyükbayram

https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1239914

Abstract

Objective
Cadmium (Cd) is a very toxic and carcinogenic heavy
metal that can cause harmful effects on human health.
Toxicity may develop due to Cd exposure, especially in
the kidneys. Ankaferd blood stopper (ABS) is a herbal
mix that is used for its hemostatic properties in surgery.
Also, ABS enhances wound and tissue healing. In this
study, we aimed to evaluate the possible ameliorative
effects of ABS in Cd-induced renal damage.
Material and Method
Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into 4
groups: control, Cd (cadmium chloride, 2.5 mg/kg
single dose, ip), ABS (ABS, 1.5 ml/kg single dose ip),
and Cd+ABS (cadmium chloride, 2.5 mg/kg single dose
ip- ABS, 1.5 ml/kg single dose ip). At the end of the
experiment, urea and creatinine levels were analyzed
from the rats’ serum. In addition, total oxidant status
(TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) levels, superoxide
dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)
activity were measured spectrophotometrically
from renal tissues. The oxidative stress index (OSI)
was calculated from TOS and TAS levels. Also, we
evaluated alterations in the mRNA expression of Bcl-
2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell-lymphoma-2 (Bcl-
2), silenced information regulator 1 (SIRT1), and p53
in kidney tissue of rats by using the qRT-PCR method.
Results
In the Cd group, serum urea, creatinine levels, and
tissue oxidative stress markers, TOS and OSI were
significantly higher while Gpx activity was significantly
lower than in the control group (p<0.05). Also, the
expression of p53 and in Bax/Bcl2 ratio significantly
increased in the Cd group (p<0.05). But, ABS
treatment significantly decreased urea, creatinine,
TOS, OSI levels, and Bax/Bcl2 ratio, p53 expression
in Cd applied group (p<0.05).
Conclusion
Ankaferd blood stopper showed protective effects by
reducing oxidative stress and mitochondria-mediated
apoptosis in acute Cd exposure.

Keywords

Urtica dioica, oxidative stress, resveratrol, licorice, thyme

Thanks

The authors thank Dr. M. Yusuf Tepebaşı for his support in genetic analysis.

ANKAFERD BLOOD STOPPER'IN KADMİYUMA BAĞLI GELİŞEN AKUT BÖBREK HASARINA ETKİSİ

Abstract

Amaç
Kadmiyum (Kd) insan sağlığı üzerinde zararlı etkilere
neden olabilen çok toksik ve kanserojen bir ağır
metaldir. Kd maruziyetine bağlı olarak özellikle böbreklerde
toksisite gelişebilir. Ankaferd blood stopper
(ABS), cerrahide hemostatik özelliği nedeniyle kullanılan
bitkisel bir karışımdır. Ayrıca ABS’nin yara ve
doku iyileşmesini artırdığı gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada,
ABS'nin Kd kaynaklı böbrek hasarına karşı olası
koruyucu etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Otuz iki erkek sıçan rastgele 4 gruba ayrıldı: kontrol,
Kd (kadmiyum klorür, 2,5 mg/kg tek doz ip), ABS
(ABS, 1,5 ml/kg tek doz ip) ve Kd+ABS (kadmiyum
klorür, 2,5 mg/kg tek doz ip-ABS, 1,5 ml/kg tek doz ip).
Deney sonunda sıçanların serumlarından üre ve kreatinin
seviyeleri ölçüldü. Ayrıca böbrek dokularından
spektrofotometrik olarak total oksidan status (TOS),
total antioksidan status (TAS) seviyeleri, süperoksit
dismutaz (SOD) ve glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx) enzim
aktiviteleri ölçüldü. TOS ve TAS düzeylerinden oksidatif
stres indeksi (OSI) hesaplandı. Ayrıca sıçanların
böbrek dokusunda Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax),
B-cell-lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), silenced information regulator
1 (SIRT1) ve p53'ün mRNA ekspresyonundaki
değişiklikler qRT-PCR yöntemi ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular
Kadmiyum grubunda serum üre, kreatinin düzeyleri ve
doku oksidatif stres belirteçleri, TOS ve OSI değerleri
kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek (p<0.05),
Gpx aktivitesi anlamlı olarak düşüktü (p<0.05). Ayrıca
p53 ekspresyonu ve Bax/Bcl2 oranı Kd grubunda anlamlı
artış göstermiştir (p<0.05). Ancak ABS tedavisi,
Kd uygulanan grupta üre, kreatinin, TOS, OSI düzeylerini
ve Bax/Bcl2 oranı ile p53 ekspresyonunu anlamlı
düzeyde azaltmıştır (p<0.05).
Sonuç
Ankaferd blood stopper akut Kd maruziyetinde oksidatif
stresi ve mitokondri aracılı apoptozu azaltarak
koruyucu etkiler göstermiştir.

Keywords

Urtica dioica, resveratrol, meyan, kekik, oksidatif stress

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