TÜRKİYE’DE AKDENİZ BÖLGESİNDE EĞİTİM GÖREN TIP ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE METİLFENİDATIN TIBBİ OLMAYAN KULLANIMI: NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2023, , 245 - 252, 22.06.2023

Hilal Yakut İpekoğlu , Giray Kolcu

https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1301782

Abstract

Amaç
Metilfenidatın reçetesiz kullanımı son yıllarda uluslararası
yazında ilgi duyulan bir konu haline gelmiştir.
Özellikle lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinin başarı için
bu ilaçları kötüye kullanımları önemli bir araştırma
konusu olmuştur. Gençler, hem derslerinde, girdikleri
sınavlarda başarılı olmak hem de sosyal yaşamdan
kopmamak için bu ilaçları bir kurtarıcı olarak görmektedir.
Dünyada tıp eğitimi, öğrenciler açısından zor ve
streslidir. Öğrenciler başarılı olmak için üzerlerinde
çok fazla baskı hissetmektedir. Bu koşullar öğrencileri,
üzerlerindeki baskıyı azaltacak, uyanık kalmalarını
ve uzun süre odaklanmalarını sağlayacak alternatiflere
yöneltmektedir. Bu çalışma, tıp eğitimi alan öğrencileri
metilfenidat içeren ilaçlara yönelten süreci ve
kullanım alışkanlıklarını anlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Çalışma, antropolojik bakış açısı ile tasarlanmış nitel
bir araştırmadır. Tıp eğitimi alan öğrencilerle derinlemesine
görüşmeler yapılarak, metilfenidatın reçete
dışı kullanımı üzerine deneyimleri, düşünceleri ve
gözlemleri derlenmiştir. Çalışmaya 2019 yılı sonlarında
yüz yüze görüşmelerle başlanmıştır. Koronavirüs
pandemisi nedeniyle verilen uzun bir aranın ardından
görüşmeler Şubat 2022’de tamamlanmıştır. Çalışmaya
katılan 17 gönüllü öğrencinin görüşleri, betimleyici
bir yaklaşımla değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular
Araştırma bulgularımıza göre tıp öğrencileri yan etkilerine
rağmen geçici ve hızlı bir çözüm olarak metilfenidatın
reçete dışı kullanımına olumlu bakmaktadır.
İlacın kullanımı özellikle sınav zamanlarında artmaktadır.
Öyle gölünüyor ki ilaç öğrenciler için kolay bir
alternatiftir. İlaçlar büyük oranda yine kullanan diğer
arkadaşlardan temin edilmektedir. Ayrıca ilacın zayıflamak
için de kullanıldığı görüldü. Metilfenidatın olası
etkilerinin yine reçete dışı kullanan öğrenciler tarafından
övüldüğü ve diğer öğrencilere tanıtıldığı söylenebilir.
Çalışmanın bulguları çeşitli ülkelerde yapılmış
araştırma bulguları ile büyük oranda paralellik göstermektedir.
Sonuç
Ülkemizde psikomotor stimülanların reçetesiz kullanımları
üzerine yapılmış çok az sayıda araştırma bulunmaktadır.
Bulgular, tıp öğrencilerinin üzerlerindeki
stres ve baskı ile baş edebilmeleri yolunda sağlıklı
ve sürdürülebilir alternatiflere ihtiyaç duyduklarını ka-
nıtlar niteliktedir. İlaçların reçetesiz, kötüye kullanımlarının
uzun vadede yaratacağı olumsuz etkilerinin
belirlenebilmesi ve önlem alınabilmesi açısından, bu
çalışmanın bir temel oluşturacağı düşünülmektedir.
Araştırma, mevcut durumu keşfetme amaçlı bir ön
değerlendirme niteliğindedir. Alanda daha çok bilgiye,
nicel ve nitel veriye ihtiyaç olduğu açıktır.

Keywords

Akademik başarı, Bağımlılık, Stres, Tıbbi antropoloji, Uyaranların reçetesiz kullanımı

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

yok

Thanks

yok

NON-MEDICAL USE OF METHYLPHENIDATE IN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TÜRKİYE: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Abstract

Objective
he misuse of methylphenidate is an important issue
in the relevant literature. The abuse of these drugs
for success, especially by high school and university
students, is quite common at the international level.
Young people consider these drugs as a savior in
order to be successful in the exams and to sustain
with their social life. It is possible that medical
education is very hard and stressful for students in
the world. The students feel too much pressure to
succeed. So, this situation directs students towards
alternatives that will reduce the pressure, stay awake
and focus more. This study aims to understand the
process and usage habits that direct medical students
to methylphenidate.
Material and Method
The study was designed as a qualitative research
method with an anthropological perspective. Medical
students' experiences, thoughts, and observations
on the illicit use of methylphenidate were collected
by researcher, using the in-depth interviews. The
study started with face-to-face interviews at the
end of 2019. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the
negotiations were completed in February 2022, after
a long break. The opinions of 17 volunteer students
who participated in the study were evaluated with a
descriptive approach.
Results
According to our research findings, medical
students are positive about the non-medical use of
methylphenidate to save the day, despite its side
effects. The use of the drug increases especially
during exam periods. It is seen that drugs are as
an easy alternative for students. The medicines are
mostly provided from other friends who still use them.
In addition, the drug is also used for weight loss. It is
a fact that its effects are exaggerated and advertised
among non-prescription users. The results of our
research are similar with international ones.
Conclusion
There are very few studies on the illicit use of
psychomotor stimulants in our country. The findings
prove that medical students need healthy and
sustainable alternatives to cope with the stress and
pressure on them. It is thought that this study will be
a basis for determining the long-term negative effects
of misuse of the drugs and taking precautions. The
research is a preliminary assessment to explore the
current situation. It is clear that there is a need for
more information, quantitative and qualitative data in
the field.

Keywords

Addiction, Academic success, İllicit use of stimulant, Medical anthropology, Pressure

Project Number

yok

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