Kimyon (Cuminum cyminum L. ) Bitkisinde Yapraktan GA3 ve Metil Jasmonat Uygulamalarının Meyve Verimi ve Uçucu Yağ Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışma farklı gelişme dönemlerinde yapraktan yapılan Gibberellik asit (GA3) ve Metil Jasmonat (MJ) uygulamalarının kimyon (Cuminum cyminum L.) meyve verimi ve uçucu yağ kalitesine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Isparta koşullarında 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada farklı konsantrasyonlarda GA3 (0, 50, 100 ve 150 ppm) ve MJ (0, 0.5, 1.0 ve 1.5 mM) vejetatif gelişme dönemi (çıkıştan 40 gün sonra) ve çiçeklenme ortası (çıkıştan 60 gün sonra) olmak üzere iki gelişme döneminde bitki yapraklarına püskürtme şeklinde uygulanmıştır. GA3 ve MJ uygulamaları kimyonda meyve verimi ve verimi etkileyen parametreleri genellikle olumlu yönde etkilemiş, ortaya çıkan etki uygulama dozlarına bağlı olarak değişim göstermiştir. En yüksek şemsiye sayısı ve meyve sayısı 100 ppm GA3, 1000 tane ağırlığı ve meyve verimi ise 0.5 ve 1.0 mM MJ uygulamalarından elde edilmiştir. Her iki fitohormonun da uçucu yağ sentezine etkisi istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmuş, yüksek dozda yapılan GA3 uygulamaları hariç diğer uygulamalar meyve uçucu yağ oranını kontrole göre (% 1.85) önemli derecede arttırmıştır. Tüm uygulamalarda da uçucu yağları oluşturan ana bileşenler benzer (3-Caren-10-al, cuminic aldehyde, γ-terpinene, β-pinene ve cymol) olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kimyon
• GA3
• Metil Jasmonat
• meyve verimi
• uçucu yağ oranı ve bileşenleri

Effects of Foliar GA3 and Methyl Jasmonate Applications on Fruit Yield and Essential Oil Quality of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L. )

Abstract

This study was carried out in Isparta conditions in 2014 and 2015 in order to determine the effects of foliar applications of Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Methyl Jasmonate (MJ) at different growth stages on cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) fruit yield and essential oil quality. Different concentrations of GA3 (0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm) and MJ (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mM) were applied to the leaves by spraying in two developmental periods: vegetative development period (40 days after emergence) and mid-flowering (60 days after emergence). The applications of GA3 and MJ have generally positively affected the yield and parameters affecting fruit yield in cumin, and the resulting effect has varied depending on the application doses. The highest number of umbrellas and number of fruits was obtained from applications of 100 ppm GA3, 1000 grain weight and fruit yield were obtained from applications of 0.5 and 1.0 mM MJ. The effect of both applications on the synthesis of essential oils was found to be statistically significant, and all applications except that high-dose GA3, significantly increased the fruit essential oil content compared to the control (1.85%). The main components of the essential oils in all applications were similar (3-caren-10-al, cuminic aldehyde, γ-terpinene, β-pinene and cymol).

Keywords

• Cumin
• GA3
• Methyl Jasmonate
• fruit yield
• essential oil content and components

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