Effects of Kaempferol on Growth and Toxin Production of Head Blight Agent Fusarium culmorum

Abstract

Fusarium species cause root rot and head blight diseases on wheat and barley. In this study, quantitative spore production, expression of tri4 gene which is one of genes responsible for DON production, and qualitative DON production were examined in F. culmorum F24 isolate, agent of head blight. It was determined that spore production was decreased by increasing concentrations of kaempferol (0, 10 ve 20 µg mL-1 kaempferol) and these differences were significant (p<0.001). Total RNA molecules isolated from samples subjected or non-subjected to kaempferol were used in Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) in order to examine the tri4 expression after they were converted to cDNA. While gene expression was determined in control group, it was not determined in experimental groups. Similarly, spot of 0.27 Rf value was detected on control group on thin layer chromatography, but no spot belonging to DON was detected on experimental groups. Findings obtained from this study showed that kaempferol even at low concentrations decreased the production of spores and repressed the biosynthesis of DON in F. culmorum species. Results of the study is original since that the antifungal effects of kaempferol on this species was not investigated before; output data have importance in terms of plant pathology research.

Keywords

• Antifungal,head blight,deoxynivalenol,Fusarium,kaempferol

Kaempferol’ün Başak Yanıklığı Etmeni Fusarium culmorum’un Üremesi ve Toksin Üretimi Üzerine Olan Etkileri

Abstract

Fusarium türleri buğday ve arpada, kök çürüklüğü ve başak yanıklığı hastalıklarına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kaempferol uygulaması sonucunda başak yanıklığı etmeni F. culmorum F24 izolatında niceliksel olarak spor üretimi, DON üretiminde sorumlu genlerden tri4 geninin anlatımı ve kalitatif olarak DON üretimi incelenmiştir. Spor üretiminin artan kaempferol konsantrasyonlarında (0, 10 ve 20 µg mL-1 kaempferol) düştüğü ve bu farkın anlamlı olduğu (p<0.001) saptanmıştır. Kaempferol uygulanmış ve uygulanmamış örneklerden izole edilen total RNA molekülleri cDNA’ya çevrildikten sonra Ters Transkripsiyon Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu’nda (RT-PZR) tri4 anlatımının incelenmesinde kullanılmıştır. Kontrol grubunda gen anlatımı belirlenirken, deney gruplarında gen anlatımı saptanmamıştır. Benzer şekilde ince tabaka kromatografisinde de kontrol grubunda 0.27 Rf (ing., ‘Retention factor’) değerine sahip spot görülürken, deney gruplarında DON’a ait spot saptanmamıştır. Elde edilen veriler kaemferol’ün düşük konsantrasyonlarda bile F. culmorum türünde spor üretimini azalttığını ve DON üretimini baskılayabildiğini göstermiştir. Elde edilen veriler kaempferol’ün daha önce bu türde antifungal etkisinin araştırılmaması sebebiyle özgünlük içermekte; veriler bitki patolojisi araştırmaları açısından önem arz etmektedir.

Keywords

• Antifungal,başak yanıklığı,deoksinivalenol,Fusarium,kaempferol

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