Research Article

Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale

Volume: 10 Number: 3 November 15, 2025
TR EN

Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable instrument to measure the writing self-efficacy of middle school students. Writing self-efficacy is an individual's perception of his/her own competencies in the process of written expression and has a determining effect on the individual's motivation, effort and success level towards writing. This concept, which is handled within the framework of social learning theory, is related to the cognitive, kinesthetic and affective dimensions of the writing process. In the study, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted in line with the data obtained from 899 students in grades 5-8. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, a scale structure consisting of three sub-dimensions and 32 items was revealed. The validity of the structure was tested with confirmatory factor analysis and it was determined that the fit indices overlapped with the model at a high level (e.g., RMSEA=0.041; x²/sd=1.862). The internal consistency coefficient of the scale was calculated as Cronbach's alpha value of 0.954, which indicated that the instrument was highly reliable. The findings indicate that the developed writing self-efficacy scale can be used as a process-oriented and holistic assessment tool in the Turkish literature and can provide valid results in future studies on similar age groups.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest in this study. RESEARCH AND PUBLICATION ETHICS STATEMENT The authors declare that research and publication ethics are followed in this study. The necessary permission to conduct the study was obtained from Social and Human Sciences Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Pamukkale University (19.02.2025/3-15) AUTHOR LIABILITY STATEMENT The authors declare that the “Conceptual Framework, Research” part of this work was done by Neslihan YAVUZ İLBAŞ, “Method Design, Data Analysis and Software, Findings” part of this work was done by Dr. Kadir YALINKILIÇ, “Review and Editing, Conclusion, Discussion and Recommendations” part of this work was done by Prof. Dr. Gökhan ÇETİNKAYA.

References

  1. Aydın, İ. S., İnnalı, H. Ö., Batar, M., & Çakır, H. (2013). Öğretmen adaylarının yazılı anlatım öz yeterliklerine ilişkin ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Turkish Studies, 8(8), 139-160. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.4978
  2. Aydın, İ.S. (2019). Yazmanın planlanması. N. Bayat (Ed.) Yazma ve eğitimi içinde (91-114). Anı Yayıncılık.
  3. Bandura, A. (1977a). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215.
  4. Bandura, A. (1997b). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Freeman.
  5. Bong, M. (2006). Asking the right question: How confident are you that you could successfully perform these tasks? In F. Pajares ve T. Urdan (Eds.), Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents (pp. 287– 303). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.
  6. Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford Press.
  7. Bruning, R., Dempsey, M., Kauffman, D. F., McKim, C., & Zumbrunn, S. (2013). Examining dimensions of self-efficacy for writing. Journal of Educational Psychology, 105(1), 25-38. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029692
  8. Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS. Routledge.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Turkish Education

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

November 15, 2025

Submission Date

June 30, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 4, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 10 Number: 3

APA
Yavuz İlbaş, N., Yalınkılıç, K., & Çetinkaya, G. (2025). Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale. The Journal of Limitless Education and Research, 10(3), 683-712. https://doi.org/10.29250/sead.1730750
AMA
1.Yavuz İlbaş N, Yalınkılıç K, Çetinkaya G. Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale. J-LER. 2025;10(3):683-712. doi:10.29250/sead.1730750
Chicago
Yavuz İlbaş, Neslihan, Kadir Yalınkılıç, and Gökhan Çetinkaya. 2025. “Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale”. The Journal of Limitless Education and Research 10 (3): 683-712. https://doi.org/10.29250/sead.1730750.
EndNote
Yavuz İlbaş N, Yalınkılıç K, Çetinkaya G (November 1, 2025) Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale. The Journal of Limitless Education and Research 10 3 683–712.
IEEE
[1]N. Yavuz İlbaş, K. Yalınkılıç, and G. Çetinkaya, “Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale”, J-LER, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 683–712, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.29250/sead.1730750.
ISNAD
Yavuz İlbaş, Neslihan - Yalınkılıç, Kadir - Çetinkaya, Gökhan. “Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale”. The Journal of Limitless Education and Research 10/3 (November 1, 2025): 683-712. https://doi.org/10.29250/sead.1730750.
JAMA
1.Yavuz İlbaş N, Yalınkılıç K, Çetinkaya G. Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale. J-LER. 2025;10:683–712.
MLA
Yavuz İlbaş, Neslihan, et al. “Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale”. The Journal of Limitless Education and Research, vol. 10, no. 3, Nov. 2025, pp. 683-12, doi:10.29250/sead.1730750.
Vancouver
1.Neslihan Yavuz İlbaş, Kadir Yalınkılıç, Gökhan Çetinkaya. Development of Writing Self-Efficacy Perception Scale. J-LER. 2025 Nov. 1;10(3):683-712. doi:10.29250/sead.1730750

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