Kadınların Fiziksel Aktiviteleri Önündeki Engeller: Sistematik Derleme Çalışması

Abstract

Bireylerin fiziksel aktive seviyelerinin yeterli seviyede olması sağlığın korunmasında ve geri kazanılmasında büyük bir etkiye sahiptir. Düşük fiziksel aktivite seviyeleri bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıklar olan obezite ve tip 2 diyabet için büyük risk faktörü oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda hem kadın ve hem de erkeklerde belirli düzeylerde fiziksel aktivite önerilmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar ülkemizde ve dünya genelinde de kadınların ve erkeklerin farklı fiziksel aktivite düzeylerine sahip olduğu yönündedir. Çalışmaların çoğunluğunda kadınların fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin erkeklerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinden daha düşük olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu noktada ‘Kadınların fiziksel aktivitelerinin düşük olmasına neden olan faktörler nelerdir?’ sorusu aklımıza gelmektedir. Çalışmada kadınların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ile ilgili çalışmalar taranarak kadınların fiziksel aktiviteleri önündeki engeller belirlenmeye ve sunulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre; artan yaşla birlikte kadınların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri düşmektedir. Evli olan ev hanımlarının fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin daha düşük düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Yüksek gelirli ülkelerdeki kadınların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri daha düşüktür. Kırsal kesimlerde yaşayan kadınlar kentsel kesimlerde yaşayan kadınlara göre; daha düşük BKİ ve daha yüksek fiziksel aktivite oranlarına sahiptir. Sonuç olarak, kadınların fiziksel aktivite oranlarını yükselten faktörler arasında; daha yürünebilir şehirlerde oturmak, güvenilir ortam, fiyatı uygun, evinin yakınlarında spor salonu, sosyal tesis ve parkların bulunması ve spor yapılan yerlerin kadınlara özgü olması karşılaması yer almaktadır.

Keywords

• Kadınlar
• Fiziksel Aktivite
• Sağlık

Obstacles to Women's Physical Activity: A Systematic Review Study

Abstract

A sufficient level of physical activity of individuals has a great impact on maintaining and restoring health. Low levels of physical activity are a major risk factor for obesity and type 2 diabetes, which are non-communicable diseases. In this regard, certain levels of physical activity are recommended for both men and women. Studies conducted in our country and around the world also show that women and men have different levels of physical activity. The majority of studies show that women's physical activity levels are lower than men's physical activity levels. At this point, ‘What are the factors that cause women to have low physical activity?’ the question comes to mind. In the study, studies related to women's physical activity levels were screened and the obstacles to women's physical activities were determined and presented. According to the findings of the study; women's physical activity levels decrease with increasing age. It has been found that housewives who are married have lower levels of physical activity. Women in high-income countries have lower levels of physical activity. Women living in rural areas have lower BMI and higher physical activity rates than women living in urban areas. As a result, among the factors that increase the dec of physical activity of women are; living in more walkable cities, reliable environment, affordable price, there is a gym, social facilities and parks near her home, and sports places are unique for women to meet.

Keywords

• Women
• Physical Activity
• Health

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