Futbolda Farklı Metotlarla Uygulanan Küçük Alan Oyunlarının Teknik Performansa, İç ve Dış Yüklere Etkisi

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı; futbolda 4v4 küçük alan oyunlarının kombine, aralıklı ve devamlı metotlar ile uygulandığında iç ve dış yük yanıtlarıyla birlikte teknik performansı ne şekilde etkilediğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmamıza, 14 futbolcu (yaş: 17,57±0,51; boy: 174,71±5,19 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 68,46 ±5,15 kg) katılmıştır. Yo-Yo aralıklı toparlanma seviye 1 testi ile maksimum kalp atım sayısına ulaşılmış ve gruplar oluşturulmuştur. Her oyuncunun bireyselleştirilmiş maksimal aerobik sürat (MAS) değerinin belirlenmesi için 30-15 aralıklı fitness testi yapılmıştır. Testlerin ardından 6 hafta boyunca, haftada 3 farklı küçük alan oyun metodu uygulanarak toplamda 18 antrenman gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her antrenmanda, sporcuların iç yük ve dış yük değerleri kaydedilmiştir. Teknik parametrelerin analizi için de antrenmanlar video kaydına alınıp, veriler not edilmiştir. Toplam kat edilen mesafe (TKEM), farklı hızlarda kat edilen mesafe (KEM) ve yavaşlama sayısı (YS) açısından metotlar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Ancak hızlanma sayısı (HS) yönünden metotlar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık gözlenmemiştir (p>0,05). Ortalama kalp atım sayısı (Ort.KAS), ortalama kalp atım sayısı yüzdesi (Ort.KAS (%)), algılanan zorluk derecesi (AZD) ve teknik parametreler yönünden metotlar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak; TKEM ve farklı hızlarda KEM’nin yüksek olması amaçlandığında kombine metot uygulanabilir. YS ve teknik parametlerin çalışılması amaçlandığında ise aralıklı metot uygulanabilir.

Keywords

• futbol
• küçük alan oyunları
• maksimal aerobik sürat
• futbolda dayanıklılık antrenmanı
• iç ve dış yük

The Effect Of Small Sided Games Applied With Different Methods In Fooball On Technical Performance Internal And External Loads

Abstract

For this purpose, it demonstrates how 4v4 small-field games in football demonstrate their technical performance with combined, intermittent and continuous methods and internal and external load responses in perception. 14 football players (age: 17.57±0.51; male: 174.71±5.19 cm, body weight: 68.46 ±5.15 kg) participated in our study. Maximum heartbeat was reached with the Yo-Yo IR level 1 test and placed the clusters. A 30-15 interval fitness test was conducted for each user's personalized maximum aerobic speed estimation. After the tests, 18 training sessions were carried out by applying 3 different small-area play methods per week for 6 weeks. In each training, it determines the internal load and external load values of the athletes. For the analysis of technical parameters, the trainings were video recorded and the content was noted. However, the methods were not observed effectively in terms of the number of accelerations (p>0.05). Mean heart rate, mean heart rate percentage, perceived difficulty level and the effect of technical use were variables they found among the methods (p<0.05). As a result, when total covering distance and distance covered are aimed to be high at different speeds, the combined method can be applied. When it is aimed to study high speed and technical parameters, the intermittent method can be applied.

Keywords

• Football
• small sided games
• maximum aerobic speed
• endurance training in football
• internal load and external load

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