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Orta Ergenlerin Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 104 - 111, 28.12.2020

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, orta ergenlik dönemindeki öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin cinsiyete, video oyunu oynama durumlarına ve akademik başarılarına göre değerlendirilmesidir.
Bu çalışmaya toplamda 471 lise öğrencisi gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Kadın katılımcıların (n=270) ortalama yaş 16,01±1,08 ve ortalama BMI 21,11±3,62 olduğu görülmüştür. Erkek katılımcıların ise (n=201) ortalama yaş 16,18±1,18 ve BMI 21,11±3,62 olduğu görülmüştür. Fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin belirlenmesi için uluslararası fiziksel aktivite anketi kısa formu (IPAQ) uygulandı. Akademik başarılarının değerlendirilmesi için, o döneme kadar elde ettikleri ağırlıklı genel not ortalamaları kullanıldı. Araştırmada tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin yanı sıra, iki değişkenin karşılaştırıldığı durumlarda Mann Whitney U testi, ilişkisel analizde ise Pearson korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır.
Video oyunu oynama durumlarına göre yapılan fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri karşılaştırmasında anlamlı farlılık tespit edilmezken, cinsiyetlere göre yapılan karşılaştırmada, kadınların fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin erkeklere göre yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Akademik başarı ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arasında ise ilişki tespit edilmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, katılımcıların fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin minimum aktif olduğu, kadınların erkeklere göre daha yüksek fiziksel aktivite (MET) düzeyinde oldukları görülmüştür. Hem kadınların hem de erkeklerin yetersiz fiziksel aktiviteye sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, akademik başarı ve video oyunu oynamanın, fiziksel aktive üzerine etkisi olmadığı söylenebilir.

References

  • Alvarez-Bueno, C., Pesce, C., Cavero-Redondo, I., Sanchez-Lopez, M., Martínez-Hortelano, J. A., & Martinez-Vizcaino, V. (2017). The effect of physical activity interventions on children’s cognition and metacognition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(9), 729-738.
  • Arlı M, Onur N, Süren T, Ünay H (2009). “Çocukların ve Gençlerin Televizyon İzleme ve Bilgisayar Kullanım Durumları ve Fiziksel Aktivite ve Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi.‟‟, Fiziksel Aktivite Beslenme ve Sağlık Kongresi, s:54, Ankara.
  • Beauchamp, M. R., Puterman, E., & Lubans, D. R. (2018). Physical inactivity and mental health in late adolescence. JAMA psychiatry, 75(6), 543-544.
  • Biddle, S. J. H. & Asare, M. (2011). Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: a review of reviews. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(11), 886-895. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090185.
  • Biddle, S. J., Ciaccioni, S., Thomas, G., & Vergeer, I. (2019). Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: An updated review of reviews and an analysis of causality. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 42, 146-155.
  • Bilgin, E., Bulca, Y., & Demirhan, G. (2020). Relationships Between Physical Activity Level, Health-Related Fitness, Academic Achievement, and Academic Self-Concept. Egitim ve Bilim, 45(202).
  • Birinci, Y. Z., Şahin, Ş., Vatansever, Ş., & Pancar, S. (2019). Yaşlılarda Fiziksel Egzersizin Beyin Kaynaklı Nörotrofik Faktör (BDNF) Üzerine Etkisi: Deneysel Çalışmaların Sistematik Derlemesi. Spor Hekimliği Dergisi, 54(4), 276-287.
  • Brown, H. E., Pearson, N., Baithwaite, R. E., Brown, W. J., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2013). Physical activity interventions and depression in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 43, 195-206. doi: 10.1007/s40279-012-0015-8.
  • Craig, C., Marshall, A., Sjostrom, M., Bauman, A., Lee, P., Macfarlane, D., ... & Stewart, S. (2017). International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form.
  • Donnelly, J. E., Hillman, C. H., Castelli, D., Etnier, J. L., Lee, S., Tomporowski, P., ... & Szabo-Reed, A. N. (2016). Physical activity, fitness, cognitive function, and academic achievement in children: a systematic review. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 48(6), 1197.
  • Esteban‐Cornejo, I., Tejero‐González, C. M., Martinez‐Gomez, D., Cabanas‐Sánchez, V., Fernández‐Santos, J. R., Conde‐Caveda, J., ... & Up & Down Study Group. (2014). Objectively measured physical activity has a negative but weak association with academic performance in children and adolescents. Acta Paediatrica, 103(11), e501-e506.
  • Esteban-Cornejo, I., Tejero-Gonzalez, C. M., Sallis, J. F., & Veiga, O. L. (2015). Physical activity and cognition in adolescents: A systematic review. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 18(5), 534-539.
  • Haible, S., Volk, C., Demetriou, Y., Höner, O., Thiel, A., & Sudeck, G. (2020). Physical activity-related health competence, physical activity, and physical fitness: analysis of control competence for the self-directed exercise of adolescents. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(1), 39.
  • Hallal, P. C., Andersen, L. B., Bull, F. C., Guthold, R., Haskell, W., & Ekelund, U.; Lancet Physical Activity Series Working, G. (2012). Global physical activity levels: Surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. Lancet, 380(9838), 247–257.
  • Hansen, D. M., Herrmann, S. D., Lambourne, K., Lee, J., & Donnelly, J. E. (2014). Linear/nonlinear relations of activity and fitness with children’s academic achievement. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 46(12), 2279.
  • Hazar, Z., Demir, G. T., Namlı, S., & Türkeli, A. (2017). Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Dijital Oyun Bağımlılığı Ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlşkinin İncelenmesi. Beden Egitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3).
  • Horzum, M. B. (2011). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin bilgisayar oyunu bağımlılık düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Eğitim ve Bilim, 36(159), 57-68. [In Turkish]
  • Jaakkola, T., Hillman, C., Kalaja, S., & Liukkonen, J. (2015). The associations among fundamental movement skills, self-reported physical activity and academic performance during junior high school in Finland. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(16), 1719-1729.
  • Karaca A, Çalar E, Cinemre Ş (2009). “Physical Activity Levels oftheYoungAdults in an EconomicallyDevoloping Country: The Turkish Sample.”,Journal of Human Kinetics, V (22),Section(3),pp:91-98.
  • Karaca, A., Turnagöl, H. H. (2007). Çalışan Bireylerde Üç Farklı Fiziksel Aktivite Anketinin Güvenirliği Ve Geçerliği, Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Hacettepe J. of Sport Sciences, 18 -2, 68-84
  • Kitiş, Y., & Gümüş, Y. (2015). 20 Yaş Ve Üzeri Kadınların Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri, Fiziksel Aktiviteye İlişkin İnançları Ve Davranış Aşamalarının Belirlenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3), 399-411.
  • Korkusuz F., (2009).“Fiziksel aktivite ve kemik sağlığı.”Başkent Üniversitesi Fiziksel Aktivite, Beslenme ve Sağlık Kongresi, s:39, Ankara.
  • Kudaş, S., Ülkar, B., & Erdogan, A. (2005). Ankara İli 11-12 Yaş Grubu Çocukların Fiziksel Aktivite Ve Bazı Beslenme Alışkanlıkları. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(1), 19-29.
  • Laird, Y., Fawkner, S., & Niven, A. (2018). A grounded theory of how social support influences physical activity in adolescent girls. International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being, 13(1), 1435099.
  • Marques, A., Santos, D. A., Hillman, C. H., & Sardinha, L. B. (2018). How does academic achievement relate to cardiorespiratory fitness, self-reported physical activity and objectively reported physical activity: a systematic review in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(16), 1039-1039.
  • Mavilidi, M. F., Drew, R., Morgan, P. J., Lubans, D. R., Schmidt, M., & Riley, N. (2020). Effects of different types of classroom physical activity breaks on children’s on‐task behaviour, academic achievement and cognition. Acta paediatrica, 109(1), 158-165.
  • McMahon, E. M., Corcoran, P., O’Regan, G., Keeley, H., Cannon, M., Carli, V., ... & Balazs, J. (2017). Physical activity in European adolescents and associations with anxiety, depression and well-being. European child & adolescent psychiatry, 26(1), 111-122.
  • Öcal, K., & Settar Koçak, M. (2010). Okul sporlarının orta öğretim öğrencilerinin akademik başarı ve davranış gelişimine etkisi. Akdeniz Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, (7), 89-94.
  • Poitras, V. J., Gray, C. E., Borghese, M. M., Carson, V., Chaput, J.-P., Janssen, I., . . . Tremblay, M. S. (2016). Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(6 (Suppl. 3)), S197–S239
  • Resaland, G. K., Aadland, E., Moe, V. F., Aadland, K. N., Skrede, T., Stavnsbo, M., ... & Kvalheim, O. M. (2016). Effects of physical activity on schoolchildren's academic performance: The Active Smarter Kids (ASK) cluster-randomized controlled trial. Preventive Medicine, 91, 322-328.
  • Rhodes, R.E.; Janssen, I.; Bredin, S.S.D.; Warburton, D.E.R.; Bauman, A. (2017) Physical activity: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions. Psychol. Health, 32, 942–975. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  • Tarakcı, E., Hüseyinsinoğlu, E.B., Çiçek, A. (2015). Çocuklarda Fiziksel İnaktivite, Obezite ve Koruyucu Rehabilitasyon Yaklaşımları, Türkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci, 1(2),111-118.
  • Telama, R.; Yang, X.; Leskinen, E.; Kankaanpää, A.; Hirvenalo, M.; Tammelin, T.; Viikari, J.S.; Raitakari, O.T. (2014). Tracking of physical activity from early childhood through youth into adulthood. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise, 46, 955–962. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  • Telford, R. M., Telford, R. D., Olive, L. S., Cochrane, T., & Davey, R. (2016). Why are girls less physically active than boys? Findings from the LOOK longitudinal study. PLoS One, 11(3), e0150041
  • Tremblay MS, Inman JW, Willms JD. (2000) The relationship between physical activity, self-esteem, and academic achievement in 12-year-old children. Pediatr Exerc Sci;12:312–23.
  • Watson A, Timperio A, Brown H, Best K, Hesketh KD. (2017). Effect of classroom-based physical activity interventions on academic and physical activity outcomes: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Int J of Behav Nutr Phys Act; 14: 114.
  • Yılmaz, K. M. (2019). Gaziantep'te lise çağındaki öğrencilerin cinsiyete göre fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması (Master's thesis, İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü).

Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels of Middle Adolescents

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 104 - 111, 28.12.2020

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical activity levels of middle adolescence students according to their gender, video game playing status and academic achievement level. A total of 471 high school students participated voluntarily.
The mean age of the female participants (n = 270) was 16.01 ± 1.08 and the mean BMI was 21.11 ± 3.62. The mean age of male participants (n = 201) was 16.18 ± 1.18 and BMI was 21.11 ± 3.62. International physical activity questionnaire short form (IPAQ) was applied to determine physical activity levels. In order to evaluate their academic achievements, the weighted grade point averages they obtained up to that period were used. In addition to descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test was used when two variables were compared, and Pearson correlation test was used in relational analysis.
While no significant difference was found in the comparison of physical activity levels based on playing video games (p> 0.05), it was observed that physical activity levels of women were higher than men in the comparison made by gender (p <0.05). There was no relationship between academic achievement and physical activity levels (p> 0.05). As a result, according to the information obtained from this study, it was determined that the physical activity levels of the participants were minimum active and that women had higher physical activity (MET) than men. It has been found that both women and men have insufficient physical activity. In addition, it was tought that academic achievement and playing video games have no effect on physical activation

References

  • Alvarez-Bueno, C., Pesce, C., Cavero-Redondo, I., Sanchez-Lopez, M., Martínez-Hortelano, J. A., & Martinez-Vizcaino, V. (2017). The effect of physical activity interventions on children’s cognition and metacognition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(9), 729-738.
  • Arlı M, Onur N, Süren T, Ünay H (2009). “Çocukların ve Gençlerin Televizyon İzleme ve Bilgisayar Kullanım Durumları ve Fiziksel Aktivite ve Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi.‟‟, Fiziksel Aktivite Beslenme ve Sağlık Kongresi, s:54, Ankara.
  • Beauchamp, M. R., Puterman, E., & Lubans, D. R. (2018). Physical inactivity and mental health in late adolescence. JAMA psychiatry, 75(6), 543-544.
  • Biddle, S. J. H. & Asare, M. (2011). Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: a review of reviews. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(11), 886-895. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090185.
  • Biddle, S. J., Ciaccioni, S., Thomas, G., & Vergeer, I. (2019). Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: An updated review of reviews and an analysis of causality. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 42, 146-155.
  • Bilgin, E., Bulca, Y., & Demirhan, G. (2020). Relationships Between Physical Activity Level, Health-Related Fitness, Academic Achievement, and Academic Self-Concept. Egitim ve Bilim, 45(202).
  • Birinci, Y. Z., Şahin, Ş., Vatansever, Ş., & Pancar, S. (2019). Yaşlılarda Fiziksel Egzersizin Beyin Kaynaklı Nörotrofik Faktör (BDNF) Üzerine Etkisi: Deneysel Çalışmaların Sistematik Derlemesi. Spor Hekimliği Dergisi, 54(4), 276-287.
  • Brown, H. E., Pearson, N., Baithwaite, R. E., Brown, W. J., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2013). Physical activity interventions and depression in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 43, 195-206. doi: 10.1007/s40279-012-0015-8.
  • Craig, C., Marshall, A., Sjostrom, M., Bauman, A., Lee, P., Macfarlane, D., ... & Stewart, S. (2017). International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form.
  • Donnelly, J. E., Hillman, C. H., Castelli, D., Etnier, J. L., Lee, S., Tomporowski, P., ... & Szabo-Reed, A. N. (2016). Physical activity, fitness, cognitive function, and academic achievement in children: a systematic review. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 48(6), 1197.
  • Esteban‐Cornejo, I., Tejero‐González, C. M., Martinez‐Gomez, D., Cabanas‐Sánchez, V., Fernández‐Santos, J. R., Conde‐Caveda, J., ... & Up & Down Study Group. (2014). Objectively measured physical activity has a negative but weak association with academic performance in children and adolescents. Acta Paediatrica, 103(11), e501-e506.
  • Esteban-Cornejo, I., Tejero-Gonzalez, C. M., Sallis, J. F., & Veiga, O. L. (2015). Physical activity and cognition in adolescents: A systematic review. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 18(5), 534-539.
  • Haible, S., Volk, C., Demetriou, Y., Höner, O., Thiel, A., & Sudeck, G. (2020). Physical activity-related health competence, physical activity, and physical fitness: analysis of control competence for the self-directed exercise of adolescents. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(1), 39.
  • Hallal, P. C., Andersen, L. B., Bull, F. C., Guthold, R., Haskell, W., & Ekelund, U.; Lancet Physical Activity Series Working, G. (2012). Global physical activity levels: Surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. Lancet, 380(9838), 247–257.
  • Hansen, D. M., Herrmann, S. D., Lambourne, K., Lee, J., & Donnelly, J. E. (2014). Linear/nonlinear relations of activity and fitness with children’s academic achievement. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 46(12), 2279.
  • Hazar, Z., Demir, G. T., Namlı, S., & Türkeli, A. (2017). Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Dijital Oyun Bağımlılığı Ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlşkinin İncelenmesi. Beden Egitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3).
  • Horzum, M. B. (2011). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin bilgisayar oyunu bağımlılık düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Eğitim ve Bilim, 36(159), 57-68. [In Turkish]
  • Jaakkola, T., Hillman, C., Kalaja, S., & Liukkonen, J. (2015). The associations among fundamental movement skills, self-reported physical activity and academic performance during junior high school in Finland. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(16), 1719-1729.
  • Karaca A, Çalar E, Cinemre Ş (2009). “Physical Activity Levels oftheYoungAdults in an EconomicallyDevoloping Country: The Turkish Sample.”,Journal of Human Kinetics, V (22),Section(3),pp:91-98.
  • Karaca, A., Turnagöl, H. H. (2007). Çalışan Bireylerde Üç Farklı Fiziksel Aktivite Anketinin Güvenirliği Ve Geçerliği, Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Hacettepe J. of Sport Sciences, 18 -2, 68-84
  • Kitiş, Y., & Gümüş, Y. (2015). 20 Yaş Ve Üzeri Kadınların Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri, Fiziksel Aktiviteye İlişkin İnançları Ve Davranış Aşamalarının Belirlenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3), 399-411.
  • Korkusuz F., (2009).“Fiziksel aktivite ve kemik sağlığı.”Başkent Üniversitesi Fiziksel Aktivite, Beslenme ve Sağlık Kongresi, s:39, Ankara.
  • Kudaş, S., Ülkar, B., & Erdogan, A. (2005). Ankara İli 11-12 Yaş Grubu Çocukların Fiziksel Aktivite Ve Bazı Beslenme Alışkanlıkları. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(1), 19-29.
  • Laird, Y., Fawkner, S., & Niven, A. (2018). A grounded theory of how social support influences physical activity in adolescent girls. International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being, 13(1), 1435099.
  • Marques, A., Santos, D. A., Hillman, C. H., & Sardinha, L. B. (2018). How does academic achievement relate to cardiorespiratory fitness, self-reported physical activity and objectively reported physical activity: a systematic review in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(16), 1039-1039.
  • Mavilidi, M. F., Drew, R., Morgan, P. J., Lubans, D. R., Schmidt, M., & Riley, N. (2020). Effects of different types of classroom physical activity breaks on children’s on‐task behaviour, academic achievement and cognition. Acta paediatrica, 109(1), 158-165.
  • McMahon, E. M., Corcoran, P., O’Regan, G., Keeley, H., Cannon, M., Carli, V., ... & Balazs, J. (2017). Physical activity in European adolescents and associations with anxiety, depression and well-being. European child & adolescent psychiatry, 26(1), 111-122.
  • Öcal, K., & Settar Koçak, M. (2010). Okul sporlarının orta öğretim öğrencilerinin akademik başarı ve davranış gelişimine etkisi. Akdeniz Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, (7), 89-94.
  • Poitras, V. J., Gray, C. E., Borghese, M. M., Carson, V., Chaput, J.-P., Janssen, I., . . . Tremblay, M. S. (2016). Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(6 (Suppl. 3)), S197–S239
  • Resaland, G. K., Aadland, E., Moe, V. F., Aadland, K. N., Skrede, T., Stavnsbo, M., ... & Kvalheim, O. M. (2016). Effects of physical activity on schoolchildren's academic performance: The Active Smarter Kids (ASK) cluster-randomized controlled trial. Preventive Medicine, 91, 322-328.
  • Rhodes, R.E.; Janssen, I.; Bredin, S.S.D.; Warburton, D.E.R.; Bauman, A. (2017) Physical activity: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions. Psychol. Health, 32, 942–975. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  • Tarakcı, E., Hüseyinsinoğlu, E.B., Çiçek, A. (2015). Çocuklarda Fiziksel İnaktivite, Obezite ve Koruyucu Rehabilitasyon Yaklaşımları, Türkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci, 1(2),111-118.
  • Telama, R.; Yang, X.; Leskinen, E.; Kankaanpää, A.; Hirvenalo, M.; Tammelin, T.; Viikari, J.S.; Raitakari, O.T. (2014). Tracking of physical activity from early childhood through youth into adulthood. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise, 46, 955–962. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  • Telford, R. M., Telford, R. D., Olive, L. S., Cochrane, T., & Davey, R. (2016). Why are girls less physically active than boys? Findings from the LOOK longitudinal study. PLoS One, 11(3), e0150041
  • Tremblay MS, Inman JW, Willms JD. (2000) The relationship between physical activity, self-esteem, and academic achievement in 12-year-old children. Pediatr Exerc Sci;12:312–23.
  • Watson A, Timperio A, Brown H, Best K, Hesketh KD. (2017). Effect of classroom-based physical activity interventions on academic and physical activity outcomes: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Int J of Behav Nutr Phys Act; 14: 114.
  • Yılmaz, K. M. (2019). Gaziantep'te lise çağındaki öğrencilerin cinsiyete göre fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması (Master's thesis, İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Article
Authors

Serkan Pancar 0000-0002-4495-9796

Publication Date December 28, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Pancar, S. (2020). Orta Ergenlerin Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Spor Eğitim Dergisi, 4(3), 104-111.

Journal of Sports Education © 2017 by Ibrahim Erdemir is licensed under CC BY 4.0