Research Article

Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will

Number: 39 June 22, 2018
EN TR

Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will

Abstract

Of Human Bondage (1915) by Somerset Maugham might be considered to be the story of a boy’s rite of passage, of a troubled love affair or to have a touch of Maugham’s own growth from boyhood to adulthood. However, the novel exceeds these simplistic approaches, touching upon the most intriguing questions of the human condition: the triggering principles of human actions and the question of free will. In this questioning, Maugham’s main philosophical inspiration is Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) and he borrows the title of his book from Spinoza’s magnum opus, Ethics (1677) in which “Of Human Bondage” is the title of an episode. In his Ethics, Spinoza defines the concept of bondage as man’s inability to have full control over his actions and thoughts and he suggests that even though a human being has the knowledge of good and evil, certain faculties of human nature might lead to false knowledge or imperfection in his/her actions. The novel’s protagonist, Philip, who struggles with this bondage that surrounds him like an alien power that comes from within, as Maugham describes it, becomes the object of this discussion of human freedom or imprisonment carried out by Spinoza and other seventeenth and eighteenth century philosophers such as Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes and David Hume. Thus, the aim of this paper is to discuss the issue of the ‘inescapable’ bondage of man and the possibility of free will as embodied in Maugham’s Of Human Bondage.

Keywords

References

  1. Bergson, Henri (1922). Creative Evolution. London: Macmillan and Co.
  2. Cordell, R. A. (1937). W. Somerset Maugham. London and New York: Thomas Nelson and Sons.
  3. Cordell, R. A. (1956). “Introduction”. Of Human Bondage. New York: Modern Library Paperbacks. 5-20.
  4. Curtis, A. - Whitehead, J. (2003). “Introduction”. The Critical Heritage: W. Somerset Maugham. London and New York: Routledge. 1-18.
  5. Dilman, İlham (2001). Free Will: An Historical and Philosophical Introduction. London and New York: Routledge.
  6. Gillespıe, Michael Allen (2008). The Theological Origins of Modernity. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.
  7. Hume, David (2007). An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  8. Maugham, Somerset (1951). The Summing Up. New York: Mentor Books.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 22, 2018

Submission Date

February 13, 2018

Acceptance Date

-

Published in Issue

Year 2018 Number: 39

APA
Akşehir Uygur, M. (2018). Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 39, 127-138. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.443367
AMA
1.Akşehir Uygur M. Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will. SEFAD. 2018;(39):127-138. doi:10.21497/sefad.443367
Chicago
Akşehir Uygur, Mahinur. 2018. “Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, nos. 39: 127-38. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.443367.
EndNote
Akşehir Uygur M (June 1, 2018) Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 39 127–138.
IEEE
[1]M. Akşehir Uygur, “Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will”, SEFAD, no. 39, pp. 127–138, June 2018, doi: 10.21497/sefad.443367.
ISNAD
Akşehir Uygur, Mahinur. “Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. 39 (June 1, 2018): 127-138. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.443367.
JAMA
1.Akşehir Uygur M. Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will. SEFAD. 2018;:127–138.
MLA
Akşehir Uygur, Mahinur. “Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, no. 39, June 2018, pp. 127-38, doi:10.21497/sefad.443367.
Vancouver
1.Mahinur Akşehir Uygur. Of Human Bondage and the Question of Free Will. SEFAD. 2018 Jun. 1;(39):127-38. doi:10.21497/sefad.443367

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