Veba ile Başlayan Değişim: Kara Ölüm’den Sonra Büyük Britanya’da Değişen Gündelik Yaşam

Abstract

Kara Ölüm 1347-1352 yılları arasında başta Avrupa olmak üzere dünyanın dört bir yanında etkili olan ve kısa sürede milyonlarca insanın yaşamını sonlandıran büyük veba salgınına verilen isimdir. 1348 yılının son döneminde Büyük Britanya’ya da sıçrayan bu büyük veba salgınıyla birlikte nüfusun önemli bir kısmı hayatını kaybetmiştir. Büyük Britanya genelinde nüfusu seyrekleştiren veba salgını sonrasında gündelik yaşamın olağan ritmi değişmeye ve yeni bir hal almaya başlamıştır. Kara Ölüm’ün yol açtığı can kayıpları insanı daha değerli kılmıştır. Bu durumda hayatta kalan fakir kesimin salgından sonraki süreçte standartlarında ciddi iyileşmelerin yaşanmasını sağlamıştır. Tek değişim bu da olmamıştır. Üretim ve tüketim alışkanlıklarından, mimariye, sanat ve edebiyata, düşünsel yapıya ve teknik ilerlemelere kadar gündelik hayatı oluşturan pek çok birleşen bu süreçle birlikte değişime ve yeni şekil almaya başlamıştır. Araştırma bu noktadan hareketle Kara Ölüm sonrasında Büyük Britanya’da yeni bir hâl alan gündelik yaşama genel bir bakış sunmaktadır.

Keywords

• Kara Ölüm
• veba
• gündelik yaşam
• Büyük Britanya

The Change That Started with the Plague: The Changing Everyday Life in Great Britain After the Black Death

Abstract

The Black Death is the name given to the big plague epidemic, which was effective all over the world, especially in Europe, between 1347-1352 and ended the lives of millions of people in a short time. With this great plague epidemic that spread to Great Britain in the last period of 1348, a significant part of the population died. After the plague epidemic that influenced the population across Great Britain, the usual rhythm of everyday life started to change. The casualties caused by the Black Death made people’s lives more valuable. In this case, serious improvements in the living standards of the poor survivors were provided in the period after the epidemic. However, this was not the only change. Many elements that form daily life from production and consumption habits to architecture, art and literature, intellectual structure and technical advances, have started to change and take a new form with this process. From this point on, the research provides an overview of daily life that became new in Great Britain after the Black Death.

Keywords

• Black Death
• plague
• daily life
• Great Britain

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