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Altyazı Çevirisi: Qu'est-ce qu'on a fait au bon Dieu? Adlı Filmin Çevirisinde Kültürel Unsurlar

Year 2018, Issue: 40, 73 - 86, 24.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.515038

Abstract

En eski çeviri türlerinden biri olan altyazı çevirisi, kaynak dildeki
görsel-işitsel unsurların eşzamanlı olarak sınırlı bir süre içinde erek dile
aktarılması olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu çeviri türünde, kaynak metni anlam ve
bilgi kaybına uğratmadan, doğru ve anlaşılır bir biçimde, ses ve görüntüyle
eşzamanlı olarak erek dile ve kültüre aktarmak gerekir. Dil içi ve diller arası
türleri olan altyazı çevirisinde, kaynak metnin görsel-işitsel unsurları
dilbilgisi ve sözdizim kurallarına uygun olarak kısa, sade, açık ve etkili bir
biçimde en kısa sürede aktarmak gerekir. İzleyici, kaynak dilde duyduğunu, erek
dilde okumaktadır. Kimi zaman filmin özgün sesiyle birlikte sunulan altyazı
çevirisi bu yönüyle açık bir çeviridir, dolayısıyla eleştiriye açıktır. Bunun
yanı sıra, diğer çeviri türlerinde olduğu gibi altyazı çevirisinde kültürel
ögelerin aktarımında bir zorluk yaşandığı gözlemlenir. Benimsenen çeviri
yaklaşımına bağlı olarak altyazı çevirisi erek kültüre yönelik olabilir ve
farklı bir kültüre ait olan ürünle izleyici arasındaki yabancılaşma
silinebilir. Bunun yanı sıra kaynak kültüre yönelik olabilir ve ürünle izleyici
arasında bir yabancılaşma olabilir. Ancak, yabancı bir kültürün nasıl temsil
edileceğine ve kültürel ögelerin çevirisinde nasıl bir strateji izleyeceğine
karar verecek olan kişi çevirmendir. Bu noktadan hareketle, bu çalışmada
altyazı çevirisinde kültürel ögeler çevirmen kararları doğrultusunda Venuti’nin
yerlileştirme ve yabancılaştırma yaklaşımı ışığında incelenecektir. Bu amaçla ‘Qu'est-ce qu'on a fait au bon Dieu?’ adlı
filmin kaynak dil Fransızcadan erek dil Türkçeye altyazı
çevirisinde kültürel ögelerin aktarımında, çevirmenin hangi kısıtlamalara maruz
kaldığı, hangi stratejileri izlediği ve ne tür kararlar aldığı saptanmaya
çalışılmıştır.

References

  • Casting: http://www.allocine.fr/film/fichefilm-222259/casting/: [04.03.2018].
  • Chiaro, Delia (2009). “Issues in audiovisual translation”. The Routledge Companion to Translation Studies. ed. Jeremy Munday. London and New York: Routledge. 141-165 http://translationindustry.ir/Uploads/Pdf/translation%20studies2009.pdf#page=156/ [12.02.2018].
  • Diaz-Cintas, Jorge - Remael, Aline (2007). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Manchester: St. Jerome Pub.
  • Dumas, Louise (2014). “Le sous-titrage: une pratique à la marge de la traduction”. ELIS - Echanges de linguistique en Sorbonne. Le sens de la langue au discours: Etudes de sémantique et d’analyse du discours. Volume 2: 129-144. http://www.paris-sorbonne.fr/IMG/pdf/dumas.pdf [10.08.2016].
  • Gambier (1999). “Le Profil du traducteur pour écrans”. ed. Daniel Gouadec. Formation des traducteurs. Actes du colloque international de Rennes. Paris: Maison du dictionnaire. 89-94.
  • Gambier (2002). “Les censures dans la traduction audiovisuelle”. TTR: Traduction, terminologie, rédaction. Volume 15 (2): 203-221. https://www.erudit.org/revue/ttr/2002/v15/n2/007485ar.html: [13.08.2016].
  • Gambier (2003). “Screen Transadaptation”. Perception et Recetion. The Translator. Volume 9 ( 2). Manchester: St Jerome Publishing. 171-189.
  • Gambier (2004). “La traduction audiovisuelle: un genre en expansion”. Meta: Journal des traducteurs. Volume 49 (1). Presses de l'Université de Montréal. 1-11. www.erudit.org/revue/meta/2004/v49/n1/009015ar.pdf: [08.04.2016].
  • Gambier (2007). “Le sous-titrage: une traduction séléctive”. Trad Term. Volume 13: 51-69. https://tr.scribd.com/doc/185457954/Yves-Gambier-sous-titrage-traduction-selective: [11.08.2016].
  • Gambier, Yves (1996). “Les transferts linguistiques dans les medias audiovisuels”. Villeneuve d’Ascq (Nord): Presses Universitaires de Septentrion. 7-12.
  • Gottlieb, Henrik (1998). “Subtitling”. Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. London and NewYork: Routledge.
  • Mounin, Georges (2004). Les Problèmes Théoriques de la Traduction. Paris: Gallimard.
  • Movie: http://720pizle.com/izle/altyazi/quest-ce-quon-a-fait-au-bon-dieu.html: [04.03.2018].
  • Nornes, Abe Mark (2007). “Cinema Babel: Translating Global Cinema”. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Okyayuz, Ayşe Şirin - Kaya, Mümtaz (2017). Görsel - İşitsel Çeviri Eğitimi. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Okyayuz, Ayşe Şirin (2016). Altyazı Çeviri. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Pedersen, Jan (2007). “Cultural Interchangeability: The Effects of Substituting Cultural References in Subtitling”. Perspectives: Studies in Translatology. Volume 15 (1): 30-48. https://doi.org/10.2167/pst003.0 15.03.2018].
  • Ramière, Nathalie (2006). “Reaching a foreign audience: Cultural transfers in audiovisual translation”. The Journal of Specialized Translation. Issue 06: 152-166. http://www.jostrans.org/issue06/ art_ramiere.php/ : [12.02.2018].
  • Reiss, Katharin-Vermeer Hans Josef (1994). “Grundlegung einer allgemeinen Translationstheorie”. Max Niemeyer Verlag. Tübingen. http://www.ethesis.net/sous_titrage/sous_titrage.pdf: [09.08.2016].
  • Sadoul, Georges (2014). “La traduction des films: sous-titrage ou doublage”. L’Écran traduit. Issue 3. http://ataa.fr/revue/archives/2750: [12.07.2016].
  • Tahir Gürçağlar, Şehnaz (2011). Çevirinin ABC’si. İstanbul: Say Yay.
  • Ünsal, Gülhanım (2017). “Audio-Visual Translation: Subtitling”. Research on Communication. IASSR International Association of Social Science Research. ed. Christian Ruggiero - Hasan Arslan - Mehmet Ali Icbay. Bialystok: E-BWN. 103-111.

Subtitle Translation: Cultural Components in the Translation of the Film Qu'est-ce qu'on a fait au bon Dieu?

Year 2018, Issue: 40, 73 - 86, 24.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.515038

Abstract

Subtitle translation which is one
of the oldest types of translation, can be defined as translation of
audio-visual constituents in the source language simultaneously into the target
language in a limited duration. In this translation type, the source text
should be translated into the target text without meaning and information loss,
in a correct and understandable way, simultaneously with picture and sound. In
subtitle translation, which is a type of both intralingual and interlingual
translations, audiovisual elements in the source text should be translated in a
simple, clear and effective way in a short time in accordance with grammar and
syntax rules of the target language. What the audience reads in the target
language is what they hear in the source language. Subtitle translation which
is presented together with the original sound of the movie is a bare
translation; therefore it is open to criticism in this respect as well. In
addition, it is observed that there is a challenge being faced in subtitle translation
to convey cultural components. Based on the translation approach adopted,
subtitle translation can be target-oriented and foreignization between the
audience and the product belonging to a different culture can disappear. On the
other hand, it can be source-oriented and foreignization between the audience
and the product can occur. And yet, translator is the person who decides how to
represent a foreign culture and what kind of strategy to follow in the
translation of the cultural components. From this point forth, the cultural
components in subtitle translation will be examined in this study through
translator decisions in the light of Venuti’s domestication and foreignization
approaches. For this purpose, in the translation of cultural components from
French to Turkish in the film called Qu'est-ce
qu'on a fait au bon Dieu?
, it was attempted to determine the restrictions
that the translator was exposed to, which strategies were followed and what
kind of decisions were made by the translator.

References

  • Casting: http://www.allocine.fr/film/fichefilm-222259/casting/: [04.03.2018].
  • Chiaro, Delia (2009). “Issues in audiovisual translation”. The Routledge Companion to Translation Studies. ed. Jeremy Munday. London and New York: Routledge. 141-165 http://translationindustry.ir/Uploads/Pdf/translation%20studies2009.pdf#page=156/ [12.02.2018].
  • Diaz-Cintas, Jorge - Remael, Aline (2007). Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Manchester: St. Jerome Pub.
  • Dumas, Louise (2014). “Le sous-titrage: une pratique à la marge de la traduction”. ELIS - Echanges de linguistique en Sorbonne. Le sens de la langue au discours: Etudes de sémantique et d’analyse du discours. Volume 2: 129-144. http://www.paris-sorbonne.fr/IMG/pdf/dumas.pdf [10.08.2016].
  • Gambier (1999). “Le Profil du traducteur pour écrans”. ed. Daniel Gouadec. Formation des traducteurs. Actes du colloque international de Rennes. Paris: Maison du dictionnaire. 89-94.
  • Gambier (2002). “Les censures dans la traduction audiovisuelle”. TTR: Traduction, terminologie, rédaction. Volume 15 (2): 203-221. https://www.erudit.org/revue/ttr/2002/v15/n2/007485ar.html: [13.08.2016].
  • Gambier (2003). “Screen Transadaptation”. Perception et Recetion. The Translator. Volume 9 ( 2). Manchester: St Jerome Publishing. 171-189.
  • Gambier (2004). “La traduction audiovisuelle: un genre en expansion”. Meta: Journal des traducteurs. Volume 49 (1). Presses de l'Université de Montréal. 1-11. www.erudit.org/revue/meta/2004/v49/n1/009015ar.pdf: [08.04.2016].
  • Gambier (2007). “Le sous-titrage: une traduction séléctive”. Trad Term. Volume 13: 51-69. https://tr.scribd.com/doc/185457954/Yves-Gambier-sous-titrage-traduction-selective: [11.08.2016].
  • Gambier, Yves (1996). “Les transferts linguistiques dans les medias audiovisuels”. Villeneuve d’Ascq (Nord): Presses Universitaires de Septentrion. 7-12.
  • Gottlieb, Henrik (1998). “Subtitling”. Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. London and NewYork: Routledge.
  • Mounin, Georges (2004). Les Problèmes Théoriques de la Traduction. Paris: Gallimard.
  • Movie: http://720pizle.com/izle/altyazi/quest-ce-quon-a-fait-au-bon-dieu.html: [04.03.2018].
  • Nornes, Abe Mark (2007). “Cinema Babel: Translating Global Cinema”. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Okyayuz, Ayşe Şirin - Kaya, Mümtaz (2017). Görsel - İşitsel Çeviri Eğitimi. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Okyayuz, Ayşe Şirin (2016). Altyazı Çeviri. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Pedersen, Jan (2007). “Cultural Interchangeability: The Effects of Substituting Cultural References in Subtitling”. Perspectives: Studies in Translatology. Volume 15 (1): 30-48. https://doi.org/10.2167/pst003.0 15.03.2018].
  • Ramière, Nathalie (2006). “Reaching a foreign audience: Cultural transfers in audiovisual translation”. The Journal of Specialized Translation. Issue 06: 152-166. http://www.jostrans.org/issue06/ art_ramiere.php/ : [12.02.2018].
  • Reiss, Katharin-Vermeer Hans Josef (1994). “Grundlegung einer allgemeinen Translationstheorie”. Max Niemeyer Verlag. Tübingen. http://www.ethesis.net/sous_titrage/sous_titrage.pdf: [09.08.2016].
  • Sadoul, Georges (2014). “La traduction des films: sous-titrage ou doublage”. L’Écran traduit. Issue 3. http://ataa.fr/revue/archives/2750: [12.07.2016].
  • Tahir Gürçağlar, Şehnaz (2011). Çevirinin ABC’si. İstanbul: Say Yay.
  • Ünsal, Gülhanım (2017). “Audio-Visual Translation: Subtitling”. Research on Communication. IASSR International Association of Social Science Research. ed. Christian Ruggiero - Hasan Arslan - Mehmet Ali Icbay. Bialystok: E-BWN. 103-111.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gülhanım Ünsal This is me

Publication Date December 24, 2018
Submission Date May 15, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Issue: 40

Cite

APA Ünsal, G. (2018). Subtitle Translation: Cultural Components in the Translation of the Film Qu’est-ce qu’on a fait au bon Dieu?. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(40), 73-86. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.515038

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