Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Encouraging Environmental Sustainability in University Campuses: Evidence from Türkiye

Year 2023, Issue: 50, 129 - 154, 27.12.2023

Erkin Sarı , Bengi Öner Özkan

https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1407727
Cited By: 1

Abstract

The primary aim of the current study is to comprehend the development and evolution of environmental attitudes and to examine on-campus pro-environmental engagement among 16 undergraduates from two public Turkish universities through semi-structured interviews. Our qualitative analysis highlighted that several factors (e.g., the existence of environmentally aware role models in elementary education) are responsible for the formation of respondents’ environmental attitudes. The current paper also points out that litter pollution is a major problem on university campuses. To combat this problem, most respondents in the study reported taking proactive measures (e.g., disposing of the waste properly) to reduce littering and promote sustainable practices. In addition to fighting against littering, they actively take part in pro-environmental activities (e.g., tree plantation), prefer ecologically friendly mobility options (e.g., biking, using shuttles), financially support ecological organizations and attending their activities, and conserve energy. They also reported several factors for motivating (e.g., the willingness to protect the campus ecosystem) and hindering (e.g., lack of time) their on-campus pro-environmental engagement. Furthermore, our respondents pointed out that all stakeholders (e.g., rectorate, employees, students) regarding campus sustainability should take part (e.g., using effective measures for rewarding and penalizing) in amplifying the effectiveness of on-campus pro-environmental behaviors. With these findings, the current paper made important theoretical and practical contributions to campus sustainability.

Keywords

Campus sustainability pro-environmental behaviors environmental attitudes motivators of pro-environmental behaviors barriers to pro-environmental behaviors

References

  • Alcock, I., White, M. P., Pahl, S., Duarte-Davidson, R., & Fleming, L. E. (2020). Associations between pro-environmental behaviour and neighbourhood nature, nature visit frequency and nature appreciation: Evidence from a nationally representative survey in England. Environment International, 136, 105441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105441
  • Ardoin, N. M., & Bowers, A. W. (2020). Early childhood environmental education: A systematic review of the research literature. Educational Research Review, 31, 100353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2020.100353
  • Baba-Nalikant, M., Syed-Mohamad, S. M., Husin, M. H., Abdullah, N. A., Mohamad Saleh, M. S., & Abdul Rahim, A. (2023). A zero-waste campus framework: Perceptions and practices of university campus community in Malaysia. Recycling, 8(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling8010021
  • Blake, J. (1999). Overcoming the ‘value‐action gap’ in environmental policy: Tensions between national policy and local experience. Local Environment, 4(3), 257–278. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839908725599
  • Blankenberg, A.-K., & Alhusen, H. (2019). On the determinants of pro-environmental behavior: A literature review and guide for the empirical economist. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3473702
  • Boğaziçi University (2023). Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sürdürülebilirlik Raporu. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://www.boun.edu.tr/Assets/Documents/Dosyalar/2023_bogazici_universitesi_cevresel_surdurulebilirlik_raporu.pdf
  • Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Carrus, G., Passafaro, P., & Bonnes, M. (2008). Emotions, habits and rational choices in ecological behaviours: The case of recycling and use of public transportation. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(1), 51–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.09.003
  • Casaló, L. v., & Escario, J.-J. (2016). Intergenerational association of environmental concern: Evidence of parents’ and children’s concern. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 48, 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2016.09.001
  • Cianconi, P., Betrò, S., & Janiri, L. (2020). The Impact of Climate Change on Mental Health: A Systematic Descriptive Review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00074
  • Chao, C.-M., Yu, T.-K., & Yu, T.-Y. (2023). Understanding the factors influencing recycling behavior in college students: the role of interpersonal altruism and environmental concern. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 24(5), 969–985. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-07-2020-0232
  • Cho, M. (2019). Campus sustainability: An integrated model of college students’ recycling behavior on campus. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 20(6), 1042–1060. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-06-2018-0107
  • Collado, S., Evans, G. W., & Sorrel, M. A. (2017). The role of parents and best friends in children’s pro-environmentalism: Differences according to age and gender. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 54, 27–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.09.007
  • Csutora, M., & Zsoka, A. (2013). Are green consumers happier consumers? Sustainable Consumption Transitions Series Issue, 3(24).
  • de Dominicis, S., Schultz, P. W., & Bonaiuto, M. (2017). Protecting the environment for self-interested reasons: Altruism is not the only pathway to sustainability. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01065
  • del Saz Salazar, S., & Pérez y Pérez, L. (2021). Exploring the differential effect of life satisfaction on low and high-cost pro-environmental behaviors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(1), 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010277
  • Gibovic, D., & Bikfalvi, A. (2021). Incentives for plastic recycling: How to engage citizens in active collection. Empirical evidence from Spain. Recycling, 6(2), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling6020029
  • Giguère, B., Lalonde, R. N., & Taylor, D. M. (2014). Drinking too much and feeling bad about it? how group identification moderates experiences of guilt and shame following norm transgression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40(5), 617–632. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167214521836
  • Gifford, R., Scannell, L., Kormos, C., Smolova, L., Biel, A., Boncu, S., Corral, V., Güntherf, H., Hanyu, K., Hine, D., Kaiser, F. G., Korpela, K., Lima, L. M., Mertig, A. G., Mira, R. G., Moser, G., Passafaro, P., Pinheiro, J. Q., Saini, S., . . . Uzzell, D. (2009). Temporal pessimism and spatial optimism in environmental assessments: An 18-nation study. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.06.001
  • Griskevicius, V., Tybur, J. M., & van den Bergh, B. (2010). Going green to be seen: Status, reputation, and conspicuous conservation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98(3), 392–404. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017346
  • Ferguson, M. A., & Branscombe, N. R. (2010). Collective guilt mediates the effect of beliefs about global warming on willingness to engage in mitigation behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(2), 135–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.11.010
  • Fransson, N., & Garling, T. (1999). Environmental concern: Conceptual definitions, measurement methods, and research findings. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19(4), 369–382. https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1999.0141
  • Fritsche, I., Barth, M., Jugert, P., Masson, T., & Reese, G. (2018). A social identity model of pro-environmental action (SIMPEA). Psychological Review, 125(2), 245–269. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000090
  • Fu, L., Zhang, Y., Xiong, X., & Bai, Y. (2018). Pro-environmental awareness and behaviors on campus: Evidence from Tianjin, China. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(1), 427–445. https://doi.org/10.12973/ejmste/77953
  • Hamilton, E. M., & Rane, A. (2022). Speaking their language: Does environmental signage align to personal dimensions of environmentally responsible behavior in undergraduate residence halls? Sustainability, 14(4), 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042025
  • Helferich, M., Thøgersen, J., & Bergquist, M. (2023). Direct and mediated impacts of social norms on pro-environmental behavior. Global Environmental Change, 80, 102680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102680
  • Helferty, A., & Clarke, A. (2009). Student‐led campus climate change initiatives in Canada. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 10(3), 287–300. https://doi.org/10.1108/14676370910972594
  • Huber, R. A., Anderson, B., & Bernauer, T. (2018). Can social norm interventions promote voluntary pro environmental action? Environmental Science & Policy, 89, 231–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.07.016
  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2022). Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/
  • İstanbul Technical University (n.d.). Courses on Sustainability. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://sustainability.itu.edu.tr/get-involved/education/courses
  • İstanbul Technical University (2022). İstanbul Technical University Sustainability Report 2021. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://sustainability.itu.edu.tr/docs/librariesprovider76/default-document-library/istanbul-technical-university-2021-sustainability-report.pdf?Status=Temp&sfvrsn=c77859b5_6
  • Kam, C. C.-S., & Bond, M. H. (2009). Emotional reactions of anger and shame to the norm violation characterizing episodes of interpersonal harm. British Journal of Social Psychology, 48(2), 203–219. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466608X324367
  • Kateman, A. (2020). Visualizing environmental problems: Can images make a change? (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Tilburg University.
  • Keat, L. K., Mohd Yaacob, N., & Hashim, N. R. (2016). Campus walkability in Malaysian public universities: A case-Study of Universiti Malaya. Planning Malaysia Journal, 14(5). https://doi.org/10.21837/pmjournal.v14.i5.196
  • Kollmuss, A., & Agyeman, J. (2002). Mind the Gap: Why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior? Environmental Education Research, 8(3), 239–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504620220145401
  • Kothe, E. J., Ling, M., North, M., Klas, A., Mullan, B. A., & Novoradovskaya, L. (2019). Protection motivation theory and pro‐environmental behaviour: A systematic mapping review. Australian Journal of Psychology, 71(4), 411–432. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12271
  • Krasny, M. E., & Delia, J. (2015). Natural area stewardship as part of campus sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 106, 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.04.019
  • Landmann, H. (2020). Emotions in the context of environmental protection: Theoretical considerations concerning emotion types, eliciting processes, and affect generalization. Umweltpsychologie, 24(2), 61-73.
  • Landmann, H., & Rohmann, A. (2020). Being moved by protest: Collective efficacy beliefs and injustice appraisals enhance collective action intentions for forest protection via positive and negative emotions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 71, 101491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101491
  • Lange, F., & Dewitte, S. (2019). Measuring pro-environmental behavior: Review and recommendations. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 63(665501), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.04.009
  • Largo-Wight, E., Bian, H., & Lange, L. (2012). An empirical test of an expanded version of the theory of planned behavior in predicting recycling behavior on campus. American Journal of Health Education, 43(2), 66–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/19325037.2012.10599221
  • Leach, C. W., Iyer, A., & Pedersen, A. (2006). Anger and guilt about ingroup advantage explain the willingness for political action. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(9), 1232–1245. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167206289729
  • Lee, C.-K., Olya, H., Ahmad, M. S., Kim, K. H., & Oh, M.-J. (2021). Sustainable intelligence, destination social responsibility, and pro-environmental behaviour of visitors: Evidence from an eco-tourism site. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 47, 365–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.04.010
  • Levy, B. L. M., & Marans, R. W. (2012). Towards a campus culture of environmental sustainability. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 13(4), 365–377. https://doi.org/10.1108/14676371211262317
  • Liao, C., & Li, H. (2019). Environmental education, knowledge, and high school students’ intention toward separation of solid waste on campus. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(9), 1659. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091659
  • Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2007). Normative, gain and hedonic goal frames guiding environmental behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 63(1), 117–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00499.x
  • McMichael, A. J., & Lindgren, E. (2011). Climate change: present and future risks to health, and necessary responses. Journal of Internal Medicine, 270(5), 401–413. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02415.x
  • Miao, L., & Wei, W. (2013). Consumers’ pro-environmental behavior and the underlying motivations: A comparison between household and hotel settings. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 32, 102–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.04.008
  • Middle East Technical University. (n. d.). Code of ethics & Core values. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://www.metu.edu.tr/code-ethics-core-values
  • Middle East Technical University. (n.d.). Sustainability and Green Campus Efforts at METU. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://sustainablecampus.metu.edu.tr/en/sustainability-and-green-campus-efforts-metu
  • Mokrzecka, M., & Nowak, K. (2019). Green Design, Identity or Both? Factors Affecting Environmentally Responsible Behaviors in Student Residences (pp. 559–575). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15864-4_34
  • Moqbel, S., Abu-Zurayk, R., Bozeya, A., Alsisan, R., & al Bawab, A. (2020). Assessment of sustainable recycling at The University of Jordan. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 21(6), 1111–1129. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-11-2019-0334
  • Netuveli, G., & Watts, P. (2020). Pro-environmental behaviours and attitudes are associated with health, wellbeing and life satisfaction in multiple occupancy households in the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Population and Environment, 41(3), 347–371. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-020-00337-7
  • Nguyen, H. V., Le, M. T. T., Pham, C. H., & Cox, S. S. (2022). Happiness and pro-environmental consumption behaviors. Journal of Economics and Development. https://doi.org/10.1108/JED-07-2021-0116
  • Nguyen-Van, P., Stenger, A., & Tiet, T. (2021). Social incentive factors in interventions promoting sustainable behaviors: A meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 16(12), e0260932. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260932
  • Oyedepo, S. O., Anifowose, E. G., Obembe, E. O., & Khanmohamadi, S. (2021). Energy-saving strategies on university campus buildings: Covenant University as case study. In Energy Services Fundamentals and Financing (pp. 131–154). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820592-1.00006-3
  • Palomo-Vélez, G., & van Vugt, M. (2021). The evolutionary psychology of climate change behaviors: Insights and applications. Current Opinion in Psychology, 42, 54–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.03.006
  • Parkinson, B., Fischer, A. H., & Manstead, A. S. R. (2005). Emotion in social relations: Cultural, group, and interpersonal processes. Psychology Press.
  • Pizmony-Levy, O. & Michel, J.O. (2018). Pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors in higher education: Investigating the role of formal and informal factors. Columbia/Academic Commons. https://doi.org/10.7916/D85M7J8N
  • Popp, R. K., & Mendelson, A. L. (2010). ‘X’-ing out enemies: Time magazine, visual discourse, and the war in Iraq. Journalism, 11(2), 203–221. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884909355913
  • Qu, D., Shevchenko, T., Shams Esfandabadi, Z., & Ranjbari, M. (2023). College students’ attitude towards waste separation and recovery on campus. Sustainability, 15(2), 1620. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021620
  • Ramkissoon, H., Weiler, B., & Smith, L. D. G. (2012). Place attachment and pro-environmental behaviour in national parks: the development of a conceptual framework. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(2), 257–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.602194
  • Reese, G., & Jacob, L. (2015). Principles of environmental justice and pro-environmental action: A two-step process model of moral anger and responsibility to act. Environmental Science & Policy, 51, 88–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.03.011
  • Robertson, J. L., & Barling, J. (2013). Greening organizations through leaders’ influence on employees’ pro-environmental behaviors. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34(2), 176–194. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1820
  • Rosa, C. D., Profice, C. C., & Collado, S. (2018). Nature experiences and adults’ self-reported pro-environmental behaviors: The role of connectedness to nature and childhood nature experiences. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01055
  • Rume, T., & Islam, S. M. D.-U. (2020). Environmental effects of COVID-19 pandemic and potential strategies of sustainability. Heliyon, 6(9), e04965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04965
  • Sarı, E., & Bükün, M. F. (2023). Predictors of life quality in university campuses: The role of campus attachment and university identification. Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, 11(28).
  • Sarı, E., Yücel, E., & Bükün, M. F. (in preparation). The role of emotions in responses to in-group norm violations: The case of university’s sensitivity to the natural environmental norm.
  • Scannell, L., & Gifford, R. (2010). The relations between natural and civic place attachment and pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(3), 289–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.01.010
  • Schultz, P. W., Gouveia, V. v., Cameron, L. D., Tankha, G., Schmuck, P., & Franěk, M. (2005). Values and their relationship to environmental concern and conservation behavior. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36(4), 457–475. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022105275962
  • Selçuk Üniversitesi. (n. d.). Sürdürülebilirlik. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://selcuk.edu.tr/Birim/idari-birimler/surdurulebilirlik/2432/yonerge/50698
  • Soutter, A. R. B., Bates, T. C., & Mõttus, R. (2020). Big Five and HEXACO personality traits, proenvironmental attitudes, and behaviors: A meta-analysis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 15(4), 913–941. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620903019
  • Steg, L., Dreijerink, L., & Abrahamse, W. (2005). Factors influencing the acceptability of energy policies: A test of VBN theory. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25(4), 415–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2005.08.003
  • Steg, L., & Vlek, C. (2009). Encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: An integrative review and research agenda. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(3), 309–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.10.004
  • Tam, K.-P., & Milfont, T. L. (2020). Towards cross-cultural environmental psychology: A state-of-the-art review and recommendations. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 71, 101474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101474
  • Tangney, J. P., Stuewig, J., & Mashek, D. J. (2007). Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58(1), 345–372. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070145
  • Tanner, T. (1980). Significant life experiences: A new research area in environmental education. The Journal of Environmental Education, 11(4), 20–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1980.9941386
  • Thondhlana, G., & Hlatshwayo, T. N. (2018). Pro-Environmental behaviour in student residences at Rhodes University, South Africa. Sustainability, 10(8), 2746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082746
  • Tu, Q., Zhu, C., & McAvoy, D. C. (2015). Converting campus waste into renewable energy – A case study for the University of Cincinnati. Waste Management, 39, 258–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.01.016
  • Tusyanah, T., Ismiyati, I., Suryanto, E. & Susilowati, N. (2023). Does green space influence students’ academic performance and pro-environmental behavior? an empirical study at a pro-environmental university. Journal of STEAM Education, 6(1), 84–100. https://doi.org/10.55290/steam.1149958
  • UI GreenMetric. (n. d.). UI GreenMetric World University Rankings: Background of the Ranking. Retrieved August 8, 2023, from https://greenmetric.ui.ac.id/about/welcome
  • van de Vyver, J., Abrams, D., Hopthrow, T., Purewal, K., de Moura, G. R., & Meleady, R. (2018). Motivating the selfish to stop idling: Self-interest cues can improve environmentally relevant driver behaviour. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 54, 79–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2018.01.015
  • Yeşil Kampüs Topluluğu (n.d.). İlgili dersler. Retrieved August 10, 2023 from https://greencampus.metu.edu.tr/ilgili-dersler/
  • Yuriev, A., Boiral, O., Francoeur, V., & Paillé, P. (2018). Overcoming the barriers to pro-environmental behaviors in the workplace: A systematic review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 182, 379–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.041
  • Yükseköğretim Kurulu (2023). Yükseköğretimde Yeni İstatistikler. Retrieved August 10, 2023 from https://www.yok.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Haberler/2023/yuksekogretimde-yeni-istatistikler.aspx#:~:text=Yükseköğretim%20Kurulu%20Başkanlığı&text=2022%2D2023%20Öğretim%20Yılı%20Yükseköğretim,öğrenci%2C%20184.566%20öğretim%20elemanı%20bulunuyor.
  • Wells, N. M., & Lekies, K. S. (2006). Nature and the life course: Pathways from childhood nature experiences to adult environmentalism. Children, Youth and Environments, 16(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1353/cye.2006.0031
  • Wilkinson, S., & Zalejska Jonsson, A. (2021). Student accommodation, environmental behaviour and lessons for property managers. Property Management, 39(3), 305–324. https://doi.org/10.1108/PM-09-2020-0055
  • Zamora-Polo, F., Sánchez-Martín, J., Corrales-Serrano, M., & Espejo-Antúnez, L. (2019). What do university students know about sustainable development goals? A realistic approach to the reception of this UN program amongst the youth population. Sustainability, 11(13), 3533. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11133533
  • Zhang, X., & Zhong, Z.-J. (2020). Extending media system dependency theory to informational media use and environmentalism: A cross-national study. Telematics and Informatics, 50, 101378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2020.101378

Üniversite Kampüslerinde Çevresel Sürdürülebilirliğin Teşvik Edilmesi: Türkiye’den Bulgular

Year 2023, Issue: 50, 129 - 154, 27.12.2023

Erkin Sarı , Bengi Öner Özkan

https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1407727
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla Türkiye’deki iki devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 16 lisans öğrencisinin çevreye dair tutumlarının gelişimini ve değişimini anlamak ve kampüs içi çevreci davranışlarını incelemektir. Bulgularımız katılımcıların çevreye dair tutumlarının oluşumunda bir dizi faktörün (ör., ilköğretimde çevreye duyarlı rol modellerin varlığı) etkili olduğunu vurgulamıştır. Mevcut çalışma ayrıca çöp kirliliğinin üniversite kampüslerinde önemli bir sorun olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bu sorunla mücadele adına, çalışmadaki katılımcıların çoğu çöp kirliliğini azaltmak ve sürdürülebilir uygulamaları teşvik etmek için proaktif önlemler aldıklarını (ör., atık ayrıştırma) ifade etmiştir. Katılımcılar çöp kirliliğiyle mücadele etmenin yanı sıra, çevreci faaliyetlere (ör., ağaç dikme) aktif olarak katılmakta, çevre dostu ulaşım seçeneklerini (ör., bisiklete binme, servis kullanma) tercih etmekte, çevreci kuruluşları finansal olarak desteklemekte ve faaliyetlerine katılmakta ve enerji tasarrufu yapmaktadırlar. Çalışmaya katılanlar ayrıca kampüs içi çevreci davranışlarını teşvik eden (ör., kampüs ekosistemini koruma isteği) ve engelleyen (ör., zaman yetersizliği) çeşitli faktörleri belirtmiştir. Ayrıca, katılımcılarımız kampüs sürdürülebilirliği ile ilişkili tüm paydaşların (ör., rektörlük, çalışanlar, öğrenciler) kampüs içi çevreci davranışların etkinliğini arttırmada rol alması (ör., ödüllendirme ve cezalandırma için etkili önlemler kullanmak) gerektiğini belirtmiştir. Bu bulgularla mevcut çalışma kampüs sürdürülebilirliğine önemli teorik ve pratik katkılarda bulunmaktadır.

Keywords

Kampüs sürdürülebilirliği çevreci davranışlar çevreye dair tutumlar çevreci davranışların teşvik edicileri çevreci davranışların engelleyicileri

References

  • Alcock, I., White, M. P., Pahl, S., Duarte-Davidson, R., & Fleming, L. E. (2020). Associations between pro-environmental behaviour and neighbourhood nature, nature visit frequency and nature appreciation: Evidence from a nationally representative survey in England. Environment International, 136, 105441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105441
  • Ardoin, N. M., & Bowers, A. W. (2020). Early childhood environmental education: A systematic review of the research literature. Educational Research Review, 31, 100353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2020.100353
  • Baba-Nalikant, M., Syed-Mohamad, S. M., Husin, M. H., Abdullah, N. A., Mohamad Saleh, M. S., & Abdul Rahim, A. (2023). A zero-waste campus framework: Perceptions and practices of university campus community in Malaysia. Recycling, 8(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling8010021
  • Blake, J. (1999). Overcoming the ‘value‐action gap’ in environmental policy: Tensions between national policy and local experience. Local Environment, 4(3), 257–278. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839908725599
  • Blankenberg, A.-K., & Alhusen, H. (2019). On the determinants of pro-environmental behavior: A literature review and guide for the empirical economist. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3473702
  • Boğaziçi University (2023). Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sürdürülebilirlik Raporu. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://www.boun.edu.tr/Assets/Documents/Dosyalar/2023_bogazici_universitesi_cevresel_surdurulebilirlik_raporu.pdf
  • Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Carrus, G., Passafaro, P., & Bonnes, M. (2008). Emotions, habits and rational choices in ecological behaviours: The case of recycling and use of public transportation. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(1), 51–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.09.003
  • Casaló, L. v., & Escario, J.-J. (2016). Intergenerational association of environmental concern: Evidence of parents’ and children’s concern. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 48, 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2016.09.001
  • Cianconi, P., Betrò, S., & Janiri, L. (2020). The Impact of Climate Change on Mental Health: A Systematic Descriptive Review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00074
  • Chao, C.-M., Yu, T.-K., & Yu, T.-Y. (2023). Understanding the factors influencing recycling behavior in college students: the role of interpersonal altruism and environmental concern. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 24(5), 969–985. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-07-2020-0232
  • Cho, M. (2019). Campus sustainability: An integrated model of college students’ recycling behavior on campus. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 20(6), 1042–1060. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-06-2018-0107
  • Collado, S., Evans, G. W., & Sorrel, M. A. (2017). The role of parents and best friends in children’s pro-environmentalism: Differences according to age and gender. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 54, 27–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.09.007
  • Csutora, M., & Zsoka, A. (2013). Are green consumers happier consumers? Sustainable Consumption Transitions Series Issue, 3(24).
  • de Dominicis, S., Schultz, P. W., & Bonaiuto, M. (2017). Protecting the environment for self-interested reasons: Altruism is not the only pathway to sustainability. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01065
  • del Saz Salazar, S., & Pérez y Pérez, L. (2021). Exploring the differential effect of life satisfaction on low and high-cost pro-environmental behaviors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(1), 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010277
  • Gibovic, D., & Bikfalvi, A. (2021). Incentives for plastic recycling: How to engage citizens in active collection. Empirical evidence from Spain. Recycling, 6(2), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling6020029
  • Giguère, B., Lalonde, R. N., & Taylor, D. M. (2014). Drinking too much and feeling bad about it? how group identification moderates experiences of guilt and shame following norm transgression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40(5), 617–632. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167214521836
  • Gifford, R., Scannell, L., Kormos, C., Smolova, L., Biel, A., Boncu, S., Corral, V., Güntherf, H., Hanyu, K., Hine, D., Kaiser, F. G., Korpela, K., Lima, L. M., Mertig, A. G., Mira, R. G., Moser, G., Passafaro, P., Pinheiro, J. Q., Saini, S., . . . Uzzell, D. (2009). Temporal pessimism and spatial optimism in environmental assessments: An 18-nation study. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.06.001
  • Griskevicius, V., Tybur, J. M., & van den Bergh, B. (2010). Going green to be seen: Status, reputation, and conspicuous conservation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98(3), 392–404. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017346
  • Ferguson, M. A., & Branscombe, N. R. (2010). Collective guilt mediates the effect of beliefs about global warming on willingness to engage in mitigation behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(2), 135–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.11.010
  • Fransson, N., & Garling, T. (1999). Environmental concern: Conceptual definitions, measurement methods, and research findings. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19(4), 369–382. https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1999.0141
  • Fritsche, I., Barth, M., Jugert, P., Masson, T., & Reese, G. (2018). A social identity model of pro-environmental action (SIMPEA). Psychological Review, 125(2), 245–269. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000090
  • Fu, L., Zhang, Y., Xiong, X., & Bai, Y. (2018). Pro-environmental awareness and behaviors on campus: Evidence from Tianjin, China. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(1), 427–445. https://doi.org/10.12973/ejmste/77953
  • Hamilton, E. M., & Rane, A. (2022). Speaking their language: Does environmental signage align to personal dimensions of environmentally responsible behavior in undergraduate residence halls? Sustainability, 14(4), 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042025
  • Helferich, M., Thøgersen, J., & Bergquist, M. (2023). Direct and mediated impacts of social norms on pro-environmental behavior. Global Environmental Change, 80, 102680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102680
  • Helferty, A., & Clarke, A. (2009). Student‐led campus climate change initiatives in Canada. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 10(3), 287–300. https://doi.org/10.1108/14676370910972594
  • Huber, R. A., Anderson, B., & Bernauer, T. (2018). Can social norm interventions promote voluntary pro environmental action? Environmental Science & Policy, 89, 231–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.07.016
  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2022). Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/
  • İstanbul Technical University (n.d.). Courses on Sustainability. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://sustainability.itu.edu.tr/get-involved/education/courses
  • İstanbul Technical University (2022). İstanbul Technical University Sustainability Report 2021. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://sustainability.itu.edu.tr/docs/librariesprovider76/default-document-library/istanbul-technical-university-2021-sustainability-report.pdf?Status=Temp&sfvrsn=c77859b5_6
  • Kam, C. C.-S., & Bond, M. H. (2009). Emotional reactions of anger and shame to the norm violation characterizing episodes of interpersonal harm. British Journal of Social Psychology, 48(2), 203–219. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466608X324367
  • Kateman, A. (2020). Visualizing environmental problems: Can images make a change? (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Tilburg University.
  • Keat, L. K., Mohd Yaacob, N., & Hashim, N. R. (2016). Campus walkability in Malaysian public universities: A case-Study of Universiti Malaya. Planning Malaysia Journal, 14(5). https://doi.org/10.21837/pmjournal.v14.i5.196
  • Kollmuss, A., & Agyeman, J. (2002). Mind the Gap: Why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior? Environmental Education Research, 8(3), 239–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504620220145401
  • Kothe, E. J., Ling, M., North, M., Klas, A., Mullan, B. A., & Novoradovskaya, L. (2019). Protection motivation theory and pro‐environmental behaviour: A systematic mapping review. Australian Journal of Psychology, 71(4), 411–432. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12271
  • Krasny, M. E., & Delia, J. (2015). Natural area stewardship as part of campus sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 106, 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.04.019
  • Landmann, H. (2020). Emotions in the context of environmental protection: Theoretical considerations concerning emotion types, eliciting processes, and affect generalization. Umweltpsychologie, 24(2), 61-73.
  • Landmann, H., & Rohmann, A. (2020). Being moved by protest: Collective efficacy beliefs and injustice appraisals enhance collective action intentions for forest protection via positive and negative emotions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 71, 101491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101491
  • Lange, F., & Dewitte, S. (2019). Measuring pro-environmental behavior: Review and recommendations. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 63(665501), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.04.009
  • Largo-Wight, E., Bian, H., & Lange, L. (2012). An empirical test of an expanded version of the theory of planned behavior in predicting recycling behavior on campus. American Journal of Health Education, 43(2), 66–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/19325037.2012.10599221
  • Leach, C. W., Iyer, A., & Pedersen, A. (2006). Anger and guilt about ingroup advantage explain the willingness for political action. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(9), 1232–1245. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167206289729
  • Lee, C.-K., Olya, H., Ahmad, M. S., Kim, K. H., & Oh, M.-J. (2021). Sustainable intelligence, destination social responsibility, and pro-environmental behaviour of visitors: Evidence from an eco-tourism site. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 47, 365–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.04.010
  • Levy, B. L. M., & Marans, R. W. (2012). Towards a campus culture of environmental sustainability. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 13(4), 365–377. https://doi.org/10.1108/14676371211262317
  • Liao, C., & Li, H. (2019). Environmental education, knowledge, and high school students’ intention toward separation of solid waste on campus. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(9), 1659. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091659
  • Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2007). Normative, gain and hedonic goal frames guiding environmental behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 63(1), 117–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00499.x
  • McMichael, A. J., & Lindgren, E. (2011). Climate change: present and future risks to health, and necessary responses. Journal of Internal Medicine, 270(5), 401–413. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02415.x
  • Miao, L., & Wei, W. (2013). Consumers’ pro-environmental behavior and the underlying motivations: A comparison between household and hotel settings. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 32, 102–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.04.008
  • Middle East Technical University. (n. d.). Code of ethics & Core values. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://www.metu.edu.tr/code-ethics-core-values
  • Middle East Technical University. (n.d.). Sustainability and Green Campus Efforts at METU. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://sustainablecampus.metu.edu.tr/en/sustainability-and-green-campus-efforts-metu
  • Mokrzecka, M., & Nowak, K. (2019). Green Design, Identity or Both? Factors Affecting Environmentally Responsible Behaviors in Student Residences (pp. 559–575). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15864-4_34
  • Moqbel, S., Abu-Zurayk, R., Bozeya, A., Alsisan, R., & al Bawab, A. (2020). Assessment of sustainable recycling at The University of Jordan. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 21(6), 1111–1129. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-11-2019-0334
  • Netuveli, G., & Watts, P. (2020). Pro-environmental behaviours and attitudes are associated with health, wellbeing and life satisfaction in multiple occupancy households in the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Population and Environment, 41(3), 347–371. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-020-00337-7
  • Nguyen, H. V., Le, M. T. T., Pham, C. H., & Cox, S. S. (2022). Happiness and pro-environmental consumption behaviors. Journal of Economics and Development. https://doi.org/10.1108/JED-07-2021-0116
  • Nguyen-Van, P., Stenger, A., & Tiet, T. (2021). Social incentive factors in interventions promoting sustainable behaviors: A meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 16(12), e0260932. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260932
  • Oyedepo, S. O., Anifowose, E. G., Obembe, E. O., & Khanmohamadi, S. (2021). Energy-saving strategies on university campus buildings: Covenant University as case study. In Energy Services Fundamentals and Financing (pp. 131–154). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820592-1.00006-3
  • Palomo-Vélez, G., & van Vugt, M. (2021). The evolutionary psychology of climate change behaviors: Insights and applications. Current Opinion in Psychology, 42, 54–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.03.006
  • Parkinson, B., Fischer, A. H., & Manstead, A. S. R. (2005). Emotion in social relations: Cultural, group, and interpersonal processes. Psychology Press.
  • Pizmony-Levy, O. & Michel, J.O. (2018). Pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors in higher education: Investigating the role of formal and informal factors. Columbia/Academic Commons. https://doi.org/10.7916/D85M7J8N
  • Popp, R. K., & Mendelson, A. L. (2010). ‘X’-ing out enemies: Time magazine, visual discourse, and the war in Iraq. Journalism, 11(2), 203–221. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884909355913
  • Qu, D., Shevchenko, T., Shams Esfandabadi, Z., & Ranjbari, M. (2023). College students’ attitude towards waste separation and recovery on campus. Sustainability, 15(2), 1620. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021620
  • Ramkissoon, H., Weiler, B., & Smith, L. D. G. (2012). Place attachment and pro-environmental behaviour in national parks: the development of a conceptual framework. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(2), 257–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.602194
  • Reese, G., & Jacob, L. (2015). Principles of environmental justice and pro-environmental action: A two-step process model of moral anger and responsibility to act. Environmental Science & Policy, 51, 88–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.03.011
  • Robertson, J. L., & Barling, J. (2013). Greening organizations through leaders’ influence on employees’ pro-environmental behaviors. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34(2), 176–194. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1820
  • Rosa, C. D., Profice, C. C., & Collado, S. (2018). Nature experiences and adults’ self-reported pro-environmental behaviors: The role of connectedness to nature and childhood nature experiences. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01055
  • Rume, T., & Islam, S. M. D.-U. (2020). Environmental effects of COVID-19 pandemic and potential strategies of sustainability. Heliyon, 6(9), e04965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04965
  • Sarı, E., & Bükün, M. F. (2023). Predictors of life quality in university campuses: The role of campus attachment and university identification. Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, 11(28).
  • Sarı, E., Yücel, E., & Bükün, M. F. (in preparation). The role of emotions in responses to in-group norm violations: The case of university’s sensitivity to the natural environmental norm.
  • Scannell, L., & Gifford, R. (2010). The relations between natural and civic place attachment and pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(3), 289–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.01.010
  • Schultz, P. W., Gouveia, V. v., Cameron, L. D., Tankha, G., Schmuck, P., & Franěk, M. (2005). Values and their relationship to environmental concern and conservation behavior. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36(4), 457–475. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022105275962
  • Selçuk Üniversitesi. (n. d.). Sürdürülebilirlik. Retrieved August 10, 2023, from https://selcuk.edu.tr/Birim/idari-birimler/surdurulebilirlik/2432/yonerge/50698
  • Soutter, A. R. B., Bates, T. C., & Mõttus, R. (2020). Big Five and HEXACO personality traits, proenvironmental attitudes, and behaviors: A meta-analysis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 15(4), 913–941. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620903019
  • Steg, L., Dreijerink, L., & Abrahamse, W. (2005). Factors influencing the acceptability of energy policies: A test of VBN theory. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25(4), 415–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2005.08.003
  • Steg, L., & Vlek, C. (2009). Encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: An integrative review and research agenda. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(3), 309–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.10.004
  • Tam, K.-P., & Milfont, T. L. (2020). Towards cross-cultural environmental psychology: A state-of-the-art review and recommendations. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 71, 101474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101474
  • Tangney, J. P., Stuewig, J., & Mashek, D. J. (2007). Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58(1), 345–372. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070145
  • Tanner, T. (1980). Significant life experiences: A new research area in environmental education. The Journal of Environmental Education, 11(4), 20–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1980.9941386
  • Thondhlana, G., & Hlatshwayo, T. N. (2018). Pro-Environmental behaviour in student residences at Rhodes University, South Africa. Sustainability, 10(8), 2746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082746
  • Tu, Q., Zhu, C., & McAvoy, D. C. (2015). Converting campus waste into renewable energy – A case study for the University of Cincinnati. Waste Management, 39, 258–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.01.016
  • Tusyanah, T., Ismiyati, I., Suryanto, E. & Susilowati, N. (2023). Does green space influence students’ academic performance and pro-environmental behavior? an empirical study at a pro-environmental university. Journal of STEAM Education, 6(1), 84–100. https://doi.org/10.55290/steam.1149958
  • UI GreenMetric. (n. d.). UI GreenMetric World University Rankings: Background of the Ranking. Retrieved August 8, 2023, from https://greenmetric.ui.ac.id/about/welcome
  • van de Vyver, J., Abrams, D., Hopthrow, T., Purewal, K., de Moura, G. R., & Meleady, R. (2018). Motivating the selfish to stop idling: Self-interest cues can improve environmentally relevant driver behaviour. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 54, 79–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2018.01.015
  • Yeşil Kampüs Topluluğu (n.d.). İlgili dersler. Retrieved August 10, 2023 from https://greencampus.metu.edu.tr/ilgili-dersler/
  • Yuriev, A., Boiral, O., Francoeur, V., & Paillé, P. (2018). Overcoming the barriers to pro-environmental behaviors in the workplace: A systematic review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 182, 379–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.041
  • Yükseköğretim Kurulu (2023). Yükseköğretimde Yeni İstatistikler. Retrieved August 10, 2023 from https://www.yok.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Haberler/2023/yuksekogretimde-yeni-istatistikler.aspx#:~:text=Yükseköğretim%20Kurulu%20Başkanlığı&text=2022%2D2023%20Öğretim%20Yılı%20Yükseköğretim,öğrenci%2C%20184.566%20öğretim%20elemanı%20bulunuyor.
  • Wells, N. M., & Lekies, K. S. (2006). Nature and the life course: Pathways from childhood nature experiences to adult environmentalism. Children, Youth and Environments, 16(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1353/cye.2006.0031
  • Wilkinson, S., & Zalejska Jonsson, A. (2021). Student accommodation, environmental behaviour and lessons for property managers. Property Management, 39(3), 305–324. https://doi.org/10.1108/PM-09-2020-0055
  • Zamora-Polo, F., Sánchez-Martín, J., Corrales-Serrano, M., & Espejo-Antúnez, L. (2019). What do university students know about sustainable development goals? A realistic approach to the reception of this UN program amongst the youth population. Sustainability, 11(13), 3533. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11133533
  • Zhang, X., & Zhong, Z.-J. (2020). Extending media system dependency theory to informational media use and environmentalism: A cross-national study. Telematics and Informatics, 50, 101378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2020.101378
There are 89 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Social and Personality Psychology (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Erkin Sarı

Bengi Öner Özkan

Early Pub Date December 21, 2023
Publication Date December 27, 2023
Submission Date June 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: 50

Cite

APA Sarı, E., & Öner Özkan, B. (2023). Encouraging Environmental Sustainability in University Campuses: Evidence from Türkiye. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(50), 129-154. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1407727

Cited By

Kent Araştırmalarında Antropolojik Açılımlar: Yeni Meseleler ve Özgünlük Arayışı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1358813
 Download Cover Image

Selcuk University Journal of Faculty of Letters will start accepting articles for 2025 issues on Dergipark as of September 15, 2024.