Selcuk Dental Journal

Selcuk Dental Journal aims to publish researches, case reports and scientific studies related to dental sciences and other disciplines related to dentistry. 

Publication Content
Selçuk Dental Journal contains original scientific publications. All published articles, except editorials, are subject to a blind peer review process.
Aim & Scope
Selcuk Dental Journal aims to publish research, case reports and scientific studies related to dental sciences and other disciplines related to dentistry.
Selcuk Dental Journal publishes original research articles, case reports, reviews and letters to the editor related to dentistry, including basic and clinical sciences. If the submitted article contains copyrighted parts, it is the author's responsibility to obtain permission from the right holder and this should be stated in the article. Manuscripts submitted for publication must not have been previously published, accepted for publication elsewhere or under evaluation. If the article submitted to the journal is suitable in terms of quality and format, it is sent to at least two referees who are experts in their fields for scientific evaluation. After the article is submitted to the journal for publication, none of the authors can be deleted from the author list without the written permission of all authors, and no name can be added as an author and the order of authors cannot be changed. Selçuk Dental Journal Editorial Board members take into account the comments of the referees on each submission. The final decision for all submitted manuscripts belongs to the Editor-in-Chief. The Editorial Board of the journal is committed to comply with the criteria of the International Council of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) and Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Approval from the appropriate ethics committee is required for research. Late article submissions will not be accepted. Multiple article submissions by the same author will not be accepted in the same period.
Scope: Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine/Anaesthesiology
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine: Orthodontics, Pedodontics, Endodontics, Periodontology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics, Restorative Dentistry, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Dental General Anaesthesia and Sedation Dentistry
It covers all scientific fields related to dentistry.
Publication Language: The publication language of the journal is Turkish and English. Turkish articles should be based on the Turkish dictionary of the Turkish Language Association or the internet address www.tdk.org.tr and the glossary of terms of the Turkish Medical Societies for their branches. In addition, spelling and grammatical errors in the submitted articles can be corrected by our redaction committee without affecting the content of the article.
Readership
The target readership is members of the profession, specialists, researchers, speciality and doctoral students as well as students related to this field with all fields of dentistry. It aims to contribute to the spread of continuous professional development and research culture.
Article Submissions
Submitted manuscripts should be appropriate to the purpose and scope of the journal. Original, unpublished manuscripts that are not in the evaluation process in another journal and whose content and submission have been approved by each author are accepted for evaluation.
Price Policy
The publication of articles in the journal and the execution of article processes are not subject to any fee. No processing fee or submission fee is charged under any name for articles submitted to the journal or accepted for publication. Selçuk Dental Journal does not accept sponsorship and advertisement in accordance with its publication policies. All expenses of the journal are covered by the Dean's Office of Selçuk University Faculty of Dentistry.
Copyright
The copyrights of the works published in Selçuk Dental Journal belong to the authors. Authors give permission for their intellectual work to be published by Selçuk Dental Journal under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) licence.

Article Submission
Language: Turkish, English
The language of the journal is Turkish and English.

Article Types: Original article, Case report, Review, Letter to the editor
However, we advise the authors to be as concise as possible for the dissemination of the work.

Author Changes: Only processed before the manuscript is accepted. Authors should carefully review the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the final author list at the time of original submission.

ORIGINAL ARTICLES: Clinical and experimental research can be published.
It should include Turkish and English abstract sections. Turkish abstract should be written as 'Abstract' and 'Abstract' should be used for English abstract. The abstract should be between 200-250 words. The abstract should be structured to include 'Aim, Materials and Methods, Results, Conclusion and Keywords' sections. The number of keywords should be between 3-5. Medical Subject Headings (MESH; www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html) and Turkish Scientific Terms (TBT; http://www.bilimterimleri.com) should be taken as basis for keyword selection. TBT is a keyword index containing the Turkish equivalents of MeSH terms. Keywords should be written in alphabetical order.
For the English abstract, the titles 'Background, Methods, Results, Conclusion, Keywords' should be used.
-A research article written in Turkish should consist of the main headings 'Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Acknowledgement (if any), References'.
-For the research article written in English, these sections should be named as 'Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Acknowledgement, References'.

CASE REPORT:
Rare cases or case series that differ in diagnosis and treatment should be presented. It should be supported with enough photographs and visuals. It should include Turkish and English abstract (Abstract) sections. The abstract should be between 100-150 words. The abstract should not be structured. The number of keywords should be between 3-5. Medical Subject Headings (MESH; www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html) and Turkish Science Terms (TBT; http://www.bilimterimleri.com) should be taken as basis for keyword selection. Keywords should be written in alphabetical order.
-The text prepared in Turkish should consist of the main headings 'Introduction, Case Presentation, Discussion, References'.
-For the text prepared in English, the main headings 'Introduction, Case Report, Discussion, References' should be used.

REVIEW:
For reviews, it is preferred that the author or authors are experienced in the subject and have published full-text studies on the subject.
It should include Turkish and English abstract (Abstract-Abstract) sections. The abstract should be between 200-250 words. The abstract should not be structured to include sections. The number of keywords should be between 3-5.

LETTER TO THE EDITOR:
Letters of maximum 500 words containing various opinions, experiences and questions of the readers about the articles published in the journal in the last year. There are no title and abstract sections. The number of references is limited to 5. It should be indicated to which article (number, date) it is dedicated. At the end of the letter, the name, institution and address of the author should be included. The reply to the letter can be given by the editor or the authors of the article, also published in the journal.

PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS
The articles submitted to the journal for publication must comply with the following stylistic principles:
-The article should be written in 12 pt., Times New Roman font on PC or MAC compatible computers with Microsoft Word program.
- The text should be written with 1.5 line spacing and 2.5 cm margins should be left on both sides
-Italic characters should be used when writing Latin terms and species names (e.g. in vitro, in vivo, Porphyromonas gingivalis).
- The text of the article should be justified.
-Abbreviations in the text are given in brackets at the first occurrence of the word and the abbreviation is used in the rest of the text.
-When writing ordinal numbers, a period should be used as a sign and a space should be left between the unit and the number (e.g. 37.4 mm, 57.8 °C). When writing percentage values, a space should be left between the number and the percentage sign (e.g. 5.9%).
The research article should include cover page, abstract page, introduction, materials and methods, findings, discussion, conclusion, acknowledgements (if any), references, figure/picture captions, tables and figures/pictures sections.
Case reports should be organised according to the same headings, except that the title 'case report' should be written instead of 'Materials and methods' and 'Results', followed by discussion, conclusion and other sections.
Review articles should include standard headings such as cover page, abstract page, references, but may also include headings to be added by the author in accordance with the subject.
The letter to the editor consists of the text and references sections created by the author.
1) Title Page:
The cover page should include the following items:
1. Title of the article (Turkish and English)
2. Authors should have only their names without academic titles. The institutions to which the authors are affiliated should be given by associating them with the symbol indicated immediately after the surname
3. Contact information of the author (postal address, telephone and fax numbers and e-mail address)
4. Type of article (original research article, Case Report, etc.)
5. Number of words, figures/pictures and tables in the summaries,
6. Acknowledgements. If it has been presented elsewhere before, it should be stated here.
7. Any conflict of interest/relationship should be indicated.
2) Abstract Page: It should be prepared as specified in the article types section and placed in the article file.
3) Introduction: The rationale and importance of the study should be explained with current and directly relevant sources. In the last paragraph of this section, the purpose of the study should be clearly written.
4) Materials and Methods: The materials and methods/methods used in the research should be described in detail. The origin of the materials and equipment used in this context should be defined in parentheses (brand, manufacturer, city and country). In observational or experimental studies, human and animal experimental criteria should be specified and ethical issues should be mentioned in this section and it should be stated that informed consent has been obtained. In the last part of this section, the statistical analysis method and computer program used should be specified.
5) Results: In this section, the findings obtained from the research should be given without personal comments.
6) Discussion: The limitations of the study are mentioned, the findings obtained are compared with the literature, similarities and differences are stated and interpreted uniquely. The importance of the study is emphasised, how the findings will affect future studies and clinical practice is discussed and suggestions are made for new studies.
7) Conclusion: In this section, the conclusions reached by the research should be given in items
8) Acknowledgements: This section should be on the cover page. Available sources of support, if any, and links with commercial organisations should be explained. People who contributed to the research other than the authors can be written in this section.
9) References
References Style
References are indicated according to the Vancouver system. Accordingly, references are numbered with Arabic numerals as a superscript according to the order of occurrence in the text and are listed accordingly in the references section. Journal names should be abbreviated according to the list of MEDLINE indexed journals published by the U.S. National Library of Medicine on its website (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog/journals).
Examples of citations in the text:
...isolated from the permanent tooth.¹
...isolated from a permanent tooth.^2,4-6,8
In a study conducted by Roman⁹...
In a study by Dominici & Wu¹⁰
In a study by Du et al.¹¹
Journal article;
1. Chen FM, Sun HH, Lu H. Stem cell-delivery therapeutics for periodontal tissue regeneration. Biomaterials 2012;33:416-8.
Journal article with more than six authors;
2. Dailing EA, Nair DP, Setterberg WK, Kyburz KA, Yang C, D'Ovidio T, et al. Combined, Independent Small Molecule Release and Shape Memory via Nanogel-Coated Thiourethane Polymer Networks. Polym Chem 2016;28:816-25.
Organisation as author;
3. European Society of Endodontology. Consensus report of the European Society of Endodontology on quality guidelines for endodontic treatment. Int Endod J 1994;27:115-24.
Thesis;
4. Er A. Effect of macrolide antibiotics on endotoxemia cytokine levels. [thesis]. Konya: Selcuk University; 2009.
The entire book is written by the same author(s)
5. Elmas M. Liquid-electrolyte treatment, In: Veterinary Medicine, 3nd edn. Istanbul: Nobel Publishing House,2009.
The book section
6. Hakki S, Karaoz E. Dental Stem Cells: Possibility for Generation of a Bio-tooth. Sahin F, Dogan A, Demirci S, editors. Dental Stem Cells. Springer International Publication; 2016. p. 167-196.
10) Figure, graph, table:
Figures, graphs, pictures and tables should be placed after the references in accordance with the order of transition in the article. Descriptions should be added under the figures, pictures, tables and graphics.
The places where figures, pictures, tables and graphics are mentioned in the text should be indicated at the end of the relevant sentence. The abbreviations used should be indicated in the explanation below the figures, pictures, tables and graphics.
Figures and images should be in JPG or TIFF format and at least 300 dpi. If they contain photographs of individuals, written permission for their use must be obtained from the individual and attached at the time of submission.
OTHER MATTERS TO BE CONSIDERED
1. The text of the article will be uploaded to the system as a single Word file with pictures and tables added.
2. Tables will not be uploaded in image format in order to be editable.
3. Patient consent form for case reports and ethics committee report for research articles must be uploaded to the system.
Final Checklist
It is hoped that this list will be useful during the final check of the manuscript before it is uploaded to the journal system.
Ensure that the following items are present:
1.Author details;
- E-mail address
- Full postal address
- Telephone number
2.All necessary files have been uploaded.
- Article text
- Copyright Agreement
3.The article has been "spell-checked" and "grammar-checked".
4.All references mentioned in the bibliography are cited in the text and vice versa.
Submit Article
The account of the corresponding author of the study should be used in the submissions. All correspondence regarding the application is sent to the corresponding author by e-mail sent through the journal system.
When uploading the manuscript file, make sure that this file does not contain any elements that will decipher the identity of the author due to the double-blind review process.
During submission, the following commitment is obtained from the author electronically:
1. I am authorised/authorised by the co-authors to submit this manuscript to your journal.
2. The manuscript is original, has not been formally published in another peer-reviewed journal, is not under consideration by another journal, and does not violate any existing copyright or other third-party rights.
3. I/we agree that if the article is accepted for editorial publication, it will be licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) licence.
4. The copyright and intellectual property rights of the author(s) or, if applicable, the author(s)' employer are reserved. The author(s) undertake(s) that the publisher is not responsible for any claims or lawsuits to be filed by third parties due to copyright infringement, and that they bear full responsibility.
5. The author(s) undertake(s) that there are no criminal offences or illegal expressions in the article, and that no illegal materials and methods were used during the research.

Publication Ethics Principles
Publication ethics can be defined as a self-regulatory mechanism that monitors integrity on behalf of authors, reviewers and publishers in order to establish high standards of editorial processing. The main purpose of the principles of publication ethics is to ensure the production of publications of high quality and standards. In addition, ensuring trust in scientific findings and increasing the reputation of people's ideas is also thanks to publication ethics.
- Not plagiarising is a characteristic of honest researchers.
- They specify their sources completely.
- They act objectively and do not conceal objections that they cannot refute.
- They can state opposing views without distorting them.
- They do not hide the data and ensure its protection.
Peer-reviewed studies support and implement scientific research methods. For this reason, it is of great importance that all parties (authors, readers and researchers, publisher, referees and editors) comply with ethical principles and rules in the publication process. Selçuk Dental Journal is a journal that adheres to national and international standards of publication ethics. It complies with the Press Law, the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works and the Directive on Scientific Research and Publication Ethics of Higher Education Institutions. At the same time, Selçuk Dental Journal takes into account the International Ethical Publishing Principles published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME).
In addition, it undertakes to comply with the decisions of the Turkish Editors' Workshop.
- Press Law (National Legislation)
- Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works (National Legislation)
- Higher Education Institutions Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive (National Legislation)
- Transparency and Best Practice Principles in Academic Publishing (International Criteria)
- Turkey Editors' Workshop Decisions (National Criteria)
Repetitive Publication
The publication of identical or substantially similar articles in more than one journal is called republication. When this situation is detected by the editor, the article is sent back without being evaluated. The editor may impose an embargo on the author for a certain period of time. The editor of the journal in which the author previously published may also publicise this situation. The editors of both journals can also announce this situation simultaneously or apply all measures together.

Simultaneous submission
Authors may not submit the same article to more than one journal at the same time. If the editor is aware of the possibility of simultaneous submission, he/she reserves the right to consult the other editor(s) receiving the manuscript. Alternatively, the editor may return the manuscript without review, reject the manuscript regardless of the reviews, notify other relevant editor(s) of this determination, and take joint decisions. It may decide not to accept articles submitted by the corresponding author for a certain period of time. It is also possible to write to the author's employer or to take all these measures together.
Plagiarism Control
Plagiarism is presenting the ideas, methods, data, applications, writings, figures or works of others as one's own work, in whole or in part, without citing their owners in accordance with scientific rules. Selçuk Dental Journal scans all submitted articles for plagiarism. The plagiarism status of the manuscripts submitted to the journal is examined using Turnitin & Ithenticate software. The plagiarism rate is expected to be less than 20%. Plagiarism detection is not the only criterion in the similarity rate, the author is also expected to comply with the rules of citation and citation. Even if the similarity rate is 1%, plagiarism may occur when appropriate citation and citation rules are not followed. For this reason, citation and quotation rules should be known, cared and carefully applied. PLAGIARISM Plagiarism, duplication, false authorship/confessed authorship, research/data fabrication, article slicing, sliced publication, copyright infringement and concealment of conflict of interest are unethical behaviours. All articles that do not comply with these standards are removed from publication even if they are published.
Falsifying Data
To create data that is not based on scientific research, to edit or modify studies presented or published based on false data, to report or publish them, to present a research as if it was conducted without being conducted.
Falsifying the obtained data and research records, stating methods, devices and materials not used in the research as if they were used, not evaluating the data contrary to the hypothesis, manipulating data and/or results to fit the relevant theory or assumptions, falsifying or shaping the research results in line with the interests of the persons and organisations supported.
Protection of Personal Data of Participants
Selçuk Dental Journal requires that all research involving personal or sensitive data or materials relating to human participants that are not legally available to the public be subject to formal ethical review.
Dealing with Allegations of Research Misconduct
Selcuk Dental Journal adheres to the Ethical Toolkit for a Successful Editorial Office as defined by COPE. Selçuk Dental Journal editors will take all necessary precautions to prevent the publication of manuscripts that contain plagiarism, citation manipulation, data falsification, data fabrication, and other research misconduct. In addition, in no case will the editors of Selçuk Dental Journal knowingly allow such misconduct to occur. If the editors of Selçuk Dental Journal realise that there is any research misconduct related to a published article, they will take the necessary actions following the guidelines of COPE.
Ethical Violation
Readers can send an e-mail to dishekimligidergisi@selcuk.edu.tr when they notice any error, inaccuracy, plagiarism or duplicate article-like situation regarding the published articles. Since we think that this situation will provide an opportunity for the development of the journal, their information will be welcomed and will be responded quickly and constructively.
Correction, Retraction, Expression of Concern
If minor errors are detected in published articles that do not change the findings, interpretations and conclusions, editors may issue a correction. Editors may consider retracting the manuscript if errors/omissions are found that are major enough to change the findings and conclusions. Editors should consider issuing a statement of concern if there is evidence of research or publication misconduct by the authors; if there is evidence that the findings are unreliable and that the authors' institutions have not investigated the incident; or if the potential investigation appears unfair or inconclusive. Correction, retraction, or expression of concern will follow COPE and ICJME guidelines.
Publication of Studies Based on Questionnaire and Interviews
In order to provide ethical assurance in scientific periodical publishing, Selçuk Dental Journal refers to the "Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors" and "Code of Conduct for Journal Publishers" principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). In this context, the following points should be taken into consideration in scientific studies submitted to the journal:
1) Ethics committee approval must be obtained for research requiring ethics committee approval in all disciplines. The approval of the board must be stated and documented in the article.
2) In studies requiring ethics committee authorisation, information on the permission obtained (name of the committee, date and number) should be included in the method section and on one of the first/last pages of the article. In case reports, information on the signature of the informed consent form should be included in the article.
Special Issue Publication Policy
A special issue can be published in our journal once a year upon the request of the Editorial Board. Manuscripts submitted for the special issue are first subjected to editorial pre-review, examined for compliance with the spelling rules and similarity scanning for plagiarism assessment. After these stages are evaluated, they are included in the peer review process using the double-blind model.
Editorial Confidentiality
The editors of the Selçuk Dental Journal treat all manuscripts as confidential documents, which means that they will not disclose information and documents about a manuscript to anyone unless authorised by the authors. During the review process of manuscripts submitted to the journal, the following people have access to the manuscripts: Editors, Referees, Editorial Board Members. The only situation in which details about a manuscript may be passed to a third party without the authors' permission is if the editor suspects serious research misconduct.
Allegations-Suspicions of Scientific Misconduct
If the editor suspects or alleges an ethical violation, they are obliged to take action. The suspected article may be published or unpublished. Articles with suspected misconduct should not be politely rejected by the editor. The editor is ethically obliged to pursue cases of alleged misconduct. The editor should also follow the COPE flowcharts when appropriate. The editor should first ask for an explanation from the alleged misconduct. If the explanation is not satisfactory, the editor should ask the relevant employers or institutions to conduct research. The editor should make every effort to clarify the alleged misconduct.
Selçuk Dental Journal complies with COPE's Ethical Toolkit for a Successful Editorial Office. Selçuk Dental Journal editors will take every precaution to prevent the publication of articles in which plagiarism, citation manipulation, data falsification, data fabrication and other research misconduct have occurred. Under no circumstances will Selçuk Dental Journal or its editors knowingly allow such misconduct to occur. If the editors of Selçuk Dental Journal are aware of any allegations of research misconduct related to an article published in their journal, they will follow COPE's guidelines regarding allegations.
Reviewers should notify the Editor if they suspect research or publication misconduct. The Editor is responsible for taking necessary action in accordance with COPE recommendations.
Selçuk Dental Journal is committed to follow the COPE flowcharts when faced with allegations of misconduct on the following or similar issues.
- What to do when republication is suspected
- What to do when plagiarism is suspected
- What to do if fabricated data is suspected
- Requests for change of authorship
- What to do if an undisclosed conflict of interest is suspected
- What to do if unfair or gift authorship is suspected
- What to do when an ethical problem is suspected in an article
- What to do when the suspicion of ethical violation is directly notified by e-mail, etc.
- What to do when a suspected ethical violation is announced via social media
Complaint Procedure
A grievance procedure may apply to complaints about content, procedures or policies that are the responsibility of Selçuk Dental Journal or our editorial staff. We view this as an opportunity and incentive for improvement and aim to respond in a prompt, courteous and constructive manner
The complaint should cover content, procedures or policies that are the responsibility of Selçuk Dental Journal or our editorial team. Complaints should be emailed directly to dishekimligidergisi@selcuk.edu.tr and will be treated in strict confidence. The editor will respond to complaints promptly. The editor follows the procedure outlined in the COPE flowchart regarding complaints.
Complaints are reviewed by the relevant member of the editorial team and, if not resolved, the following processes are followed:
- If this initial response is considered inadequate, the complainant may request that the complaint be forwarded to a more senior member of the journal.
- If the complainant is not satisfied, the complaint may be forwarded to the editor-in-chief.
- If possible, a full response will be given within two weeks.
COPE publishes a code of practice for editors of scientific journals. This will facilitate the resolution of disputes with editors, journals and publishers, but only after the journal's own complaints procedures have been exhausted.
Appeal Process
We welcome author appeals against the evaluations made by the editors and referees. If you feel that we have rejected your paper because we misunderstood its scientific content, please send an appeal message to our editorial team at dishekimligidergisi@selcuk.edu.tr. Do not attempt to submit a revised version of your manuscript during the appeal. If, after considering the appeal, we realise that it is justified, we may request a revised version of your manuscript from you. In this way, your manuscript will be resubmitted to the external reviewer process. As only one objection per manuscript will be considered, endeavour to write your letter of objection in a clear, detailed manner.
Conflicts of Interest
A conflict of interest arises when professional judgement about a primary interest may be influenced by a secondary interest (such as financial gain or personal competition). We believe that authors' competing interests should be recognised in order to best understand how manuscripts should be handled. Financial interests can lead to author conflicts, impaired objectivity and unfair assessments in favour of any person or organisation. For this reason, the roles of all sponsors or sources of financial support, if any, in the study should be specified during the conduct of the research and preparation of the manuscript. If there are no funding sources, this should also be indicated. Examples of conflicts of interest such as salaries, consultancies, grants should be disclosed at the earliest possible stage. In order to ensure impartial review, Selçuk Dental Journal follows certain rules when handling submissions from its own staff or editorial board members. Such submissions are first directed to different journals. If a suitable journal cannot be found, the submitting author's position in the journal is suspended and a double-blind review is carried out. In addition, the editor should not be involved in decisions on manuscripts written by him/herself or family members, and such work should be subject to all the usual procedures of the journal. The editor should follow the ICMJE guidelines on disclosure of potential conflicts of interest by authors and reviewers.
Principles of Research Ethics
Selçuk Dental Journal observes the highest standards in research ethics and adopts the international principles of research ethics defined below. It is the responsibility of the authors to ensure that the articles comply with the ethical rules.
-The principles of integrity, quality and transparency should be ensured in the design, review of the design and conduct of the research.
-The research team and participants should be fully informed about the purpose, methods and anticipated potential uses of the research; the requirements and risks, if any, of participation in the research.
-Confidentiality of information provided by research participants and confidentiality of respondents must be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants.
-Research participants should take part in the research voluntarily and should not be under any coercion.
-Harm to the participants should be avoided. The research should be planned in a way that does not put participants at risk.
-Research independence must be clear and explicit; if there is a conflict of interest, it must be stated.
-In experimental studies with human subjects, the written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. The consent of the legal guardian of children and those under guardianship or those with a recognised mental illness must be obtained.
-If the study will be carried out in any institution or organisation, approval must be obtained from this institution or organisation that the study will be carried out.
-In studies with a human element, it must be stated in the "method" section that "informed consent" has been obtained from the participants and ethics committee approval has been obtained from the institution where the study is conducted.

Articles are free to publish, read and download. No charge is charged for any transaction. Likewise, there is no charge for the peer review process.