Oral Mucositis in Haemodialysis Patients and Some Factors Affecting It

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 247 - 252, 22.08.2025

Safiye Yanmış , Mukadder Mollaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.1530396

Abstract

Background: As a result of the increasing number of people with chronic renal failure, the importance of assessing oral health and care in patients has increased. This study was conducted to determine oral mucositis (OM) in haemodialysis (HD) patients and the factors affecting it.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a university hospital and a private dialysis centre in Erzincan province between October and December 2020 with 107 patients. Descriptive statistics, student t test, and chi-squared test were used in SPSS 23.0 for data analysis.
Results: It was found that 29.1 % of the patients had OM and 16.5 % had stage 2 OM. The frequency of OM was found to be higher in patients with inadequate income level, illiterate patients, inhaler drug users and patients with inadequate appetite (p < 0.05). The frequency of OM was found to be higher in patients who did not pay attention to oral hygiene and never visited the dentist (p<0.01).
Conclusion: It was found that the majority of patients included in the study did not pay attention to oral hygiene, did not receive oral hygiene education and OM developed in the patients. It was also found that income level, educational status, use of inhalers, appetite status, attention to oral hygiene and dental visits significantly influenced the frequency of OM. Nurses should provide oral care according to the individualised care process to protect oral health and oral care in HD patients and provide appropriate counselling on the subject.

Keywords

Hemodialysis , Nursing , Oral Assessment , Oral Mucositis

Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Oral Mukozit ve Etkileyen Faktörler

Abstract

Amaç: Kronik böbrek yetmezliği (KBY) olan kişilerin sayısının artmasının bir sonucu olarak, hastalarda ağız sağlığının ve bakımının değerlendirilmesinin önemi artmıştır. Bu çalışma, hemodiyaliz (HD) hastalarında oral mukozit (OM) ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı kesitsel tipte olan bu çalışma, Erzincan ilinde bir üniversite hastanesi ve özel diyaliz merkezinde Ekim-Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında 107 hasta ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, student t testi ve ki kare testi SPSS 23.0 programında kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Hastaların % 29.1’inde OM olduğu ve % 16.5’inde evre 2 OM olduğu belirlendi. Hastalardan gelir düzeyi yetersiz olanların, okur yazar olmayanların, inhaler ilaç kullananların, iştah durumu yetersiz olanların OM sıklığı daha fazla bulundu (p < 0.05). Hastalardan ağız hijyenine dikkat etmeyenlerin ve diş hekimine hiç gitmeyenlerin de OM sıklığı daha fazla bulundu (p < 0.01).
Sonuç: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların büyük çoğunluğunun ağız hijyenine dikkat etmediği, ağız hijyeni konusunda eğitim almadığı ve hastalarda OM geliştiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca gelir düzeyi, eğitim durumu, inhaler ilaç kullanma, iştah durumu, ağız hijyenine dikkat etme, diş hekimi ziyareti yapmanın OM sıklığını önemli ölçüde etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre hemşire HD hastalarında ağız sağlığının korunması ve ağız bakımının sağlanması için bireyselleştirilmiş hemşirelik süreci doğrultusunda ağız bakımını gerçekleştirmeli ve konu ile ilgili uygun danışmanlık vermelidir.

Keywords

Hemodiyaliz , Hemşirelik , Oral Değerlendirme , Oral Mukozit

Ethical Statement

Helsinki Deklarasyonu İlkeleri’ne uygun olarak gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma öncesinde hastane ve özel diyaliz merkezinden gerekli izinler alınmıştır. Ayrıca bir devlet üniversitesinin Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan yazılı izin alınmıştır (22/06/2020 tarih ve 06/28 sayı).

Supporting Institution

Bu çalışmayı destekleyen kuruluş bulunmamaktadır.

Thanks

Bu çalışma, “EDTNA/ERCA 50TH International Conference” bilimsel toplantıda özet bildiri olarak sunulmuştur.

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