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Biodiesel Production from Coriander (Arslan Variety) Seeds and Evaluation of Its Properties According to the EN 14214 Standard

Year 2025, Volume: 39 Issue: 3, 588 - 595, 27.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1703034

Abstract

The energy sector plays a critical role in various domains such as production, transportation, and agriculture. The environmental impacts and limited reserves of fossil fuels have accelerated the search for sustainable energy sources. In this context, biodiesel production from coriander (Coriandrum sativum L., Arslan variety) seeds has emerged as a promising, eco-friendly, and renewable energy alternative. In this study, coriander seed oil was converted into biodiesel using a single-step transesterification process, and its physicochemical properties were evaluated for compliance with the EN 14214 standard. The analyses revealed that the biodiesel’s density (0.8748 g cm-³), flash point (145°C), water content (54 mg kg-1), and copper strip corrosion test results (1a grade) were in accordance with the standards. Additionally, the cold filter plugging point (-14°C) demonstrated suitability for usage in cold climates. However, the kinematic viscosity (5.43 mm² s-1) exceeded the EN 14214 standard range (3.5–5.0 mm² s-1), suggesting that blending with diesel fuel is necessary to optimize engine efficiency and reduce emissions. As there is limited literature on the use of Arslan variety coriander seeds for biodiesel production, this study is expected to provide a novel perspective to the energy sector. The findings highlight the potential of coriander biodiesel as a sustainable and economically viable alternative. Biodiesel’s low emission values, biodegradability, and ability to reduce dependence on fossil fuels further underscore its importance as an eco-friendly energy source. Additionally, the bioactive properties of coriander, such as antibacterial and antifungal effects, offer ecological advantages. This study emphasizes the need for further exploration of diesel-biodiesel blends and their emission profiles to enhance the practical applications of coriander biodiesel in the energy sector.

References

  • Babu, B. S., Kumar, D. B., & Sathiyaraj, S. (2020). Experimental investigation and performance of diesel engine using biodiesel coriander seed oil. Materials Today: Proceedings, 33, 1044-1048.
  • Bhat, S., Kaushal, P., Kaur, M., & Sharma, H. (2014). Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.): Processing, nutritional and functional aspects. African Journal of plant science, 8(1), 25-33.
  • Bhuiyan, M. N. I., Begum, J., & Sultana, M. (2009). Chemical composition of leaf and seed essential oil of Coriandrum sativum L. from Bangladesh. ||| Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology, 4(2), 150-153.
  • El-Din, M. I. G., & Youssef, F. S. (2023). Non-Food Applications of Coriander Seed Extracts. In Handbook of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) (pp. 545-558): CRC Press.
  • Erdoğdu, Y., & Esendal, E. (2018). The Effects of Nitrogen Doses on the Seed Yield and Some Agronomic Characteristics of Coriander Cultivars. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 15(1).
  • Foroutan, R., Esmaeili, H., Mousavi, S. M., Hashemi, S. A., & Yeganeh, G. (2019). The physical properties of biodiesel-diesel fuel produced via transesterification process from different oil sources. Physical Chemistry Research, 7(2), 415-424.
  • Fregolente, P. B. L., Fregolente, L. V., & Wolf Maciel, M. R. (2012). Water content in biodiesel, diesel, and biodiesel–diesel blends. Journal of chemical & engineering data, 57(6), 1817-1821.
  • Kaplan, M., Aydin, S., & Fidan, M. S. (2009). Geleceğin alternatif enerji kaynağı biyoetanolün önemi ve sorgum bitkisi. KSU Journal of Engineering Sciences, 12(1), 24-33.
  • Karikalan, L., Chandrasekaran, M., Venugopal, S., Jacob, S., & Baskar, S. (2021). Investigations on diesel engine characteristics with Pongamia biodiesel at dissimilar compression ratios. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 42(9), 1005-1008.
  • Kori, A. H., Mahesar, S. A., Sherazi, S. T. H., Laghari, Z. H., & Otho, A. A. (2023). Non-Food Applications of Coriander Seeds and Leaves. In Handbook of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) (pp. 207-222): CRC Press.
  • Kotaiah, K., Periyasamy, P., & Prabhahar, M. (2020). Performance and emission characteristics of VCR diesel engine with pre heated Lemon Grass Biodiesel as fuel. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Laribi, B., Kouki, K., M'Hamdi, M., & Bettaieb, T. (2015). Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and its bioactive constituents. Fitoterapia, 103, 9-26.
  • Mert, A., & Bahadırlı, N. P. (2024). Determination of fresh and dry herb yield and quality characterization of different coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) populations grown under Eastern Mediterranean conditions. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(1), 55-61.
  • Miraculas, G. A., Bose, N., & Raj, R. E. (2016). Optimization of biofuel blends and compression ratio of a diesel engine fueled with Calophyllum inophyllum oil methyl ester. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 41, 1723-1733.
  • Nguyen, Q.-H., Talou, T., Evon, P., Cerny, M., & Merah, O. (2020). Fatty acid composition and oil content during coriander fruit development. Food chemistry, 326, 127034.
  • Ozdemir, Z., & Mutlubas, H. (2016). Biodiesel production methods and environmental effects. Kirklareli University Journal of Engineering and Science, 2(2), 129-143.
  • Özer, S. (2014). Alkollerin içten yanmalı motorlarda alternatif yakıt olarak kullanılması. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1), 97-114.
  • Pandey, B., Tripathi, P. P., & Tewari, C. P. (2023). Coriander Sativum: A Review on Chemical Diversity and Bioactive Potential. Food chemistry, 108(3), 879-884.
  • Prachayasittikul, V., Prachayasittikul, S., Ruchirawat, S., & Prachayasittikul, V. (2018). Coriander (Coriandrum sativum): A promising functional food toward the well-being. Food Research International, 105, 305-323.
  • Shameer, P. M., Ramesh, K., Sakthivel, R., & Purnachandran, R. (2016). Assessment on the influence of compression ratio on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel. Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 6(12), 344-372.
  • Şahin, S., & Mengeş, H. O. (2022). Determination of the Effects of Some Additives Added to the Mixture of Diesel and Safflower Biodiesel on Exhaust Emissions. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(4), 769-787.
  • Şahin, S., Şenkal, B. C., Eryılmaz, T., & Uskutoğlu, T. (2023). Investigation of the Usability of Biodiesel Produced from Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) Gürbüz Registered Variety Crude Oil in Diesel Engines. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 37(3), 505-514.
  • Tamilselvan, P., Nallusamy, N., & Rajkumar, S. (2017). A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 79, 1134-1159.
  • Tunçtürk, R. (2011). Kişniş (Coriandrum sativum L.) çeşitlerinde değişik ekim mesafelerinin verim ve kalite üzerine etkisi. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 21(2), 89-97.
  • Ustun-Argon, Z., Gumus, Z. P., & Yengin, C. (2023). Non-Food Applications of Coriander Fixed Oil. In Handbook of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) (pp. 411-434): CRC Press.

Kişniş (Arslan Çeşidi) Tohumlarından Biyodizel Üretimi ve Özelliklerinin EN 14214 Standardına Göre Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 39 Issue: 3, 588 - 595, 27.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1703034

Abstract

Enerji sektörü üretim, ulaştırma ve tarım gibi çeşitli alanlarda kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Fosil yakıtların çevresel etkileri ve sınırlı rezervleri, sürdürülebilir enerji kaynakları arayışını hızlandırmıştır. Bu bağlamda, kişniş (Coriandrum sativum L., Arslan çeşidi) tohumlarından biyodizel üretimi, gelecek vaat eden, çevre dostu ve yenilenebilir bir enerji alternatifi olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada, kişniş tohumu yağı tek adımlı bir transesterifikasyon prosesi kullanılarak biyodizele dönüştürülmüş ve fizikokimyasal özellikleri EN 14214 standardına uygunluk açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Analizler, biyodizelin yoğunluğunun (0,8748 g cm-³), parlama noktasının (145 °C), su içeriğinin (54 mg kg-1) ve bakır şerit korozyon test sonuçlarının (1a sınıfı) standartlara uygun olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, soğuk filtre tıkanma noktasının (-14 °C) soğuk iklimlerde kullanıma uygun olduğunu göstermiştir. Ancak kinematik viskozite (5,43 mm² s-1) EN 14214 standart aralığını (3,5-5,0 mm² s-1) aşmış olup, bu da motor verimliliğini optimize etmek ve emisyonları azaltmak için dizel yakıtla karıştırmanın gerekli olduğunu göstermektedir. Arslan çeşidi kişniş tohumlarının biyodizel üretimi için kullanımıyla ilgili sınırlı literatür olduğundan, bu çalışmanın enerji sektörüne yeni bir bakış açısı sağlaması beklenmektedir. Bulgular, kişniş biyodizelinin sürdürülebilir ve ekonomik olarak uygulanabilir bir alternatif olarak potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır. Biyodizelin düşük emisyon değerleri, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilirliği ve fosil yakıtlara olan bağımlılığı azaltma yeteneği, çevre dostu bir enerji kaynağı olarak önemini daha da vurgulamaktadır. Ek olarak, kişnişin antibakteriyel ve antifungal etkiler gibi biyoaktif özellikleri ekolojik avantajlar sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, kişniş biyodizelinin enerji sektöründeki pratik uygulamalarını geliştirmek için dizel-biyodizel karışımlarının ve emisyon profillerinin daha fazla araştırılması ihtiyacını vurgulamaktadır.

References

  • Babu, B. S., Kumar, D. B., & Sathiyaraj, S. (2020). Experimental investigation and performance of diesel engine using biodiesel coriander seed oil. Materials Today: Proceedings, 33, 1044-1048.
  • Bhat, S., Kaushal, P., Kaur, M., & Sharma, H. (2014). Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.): Processing, nutritional and functional aspects. African Journal of plant science, 8(1), 25-33.
  • Bhuiyan, M. N. I., Begum, J., & Sultana, M. (2009). Chemical composition of leaf and seed essential oil of Coriandrum sativum L. from Bangladesh. ||| Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology, 4(2), 150-153.
  • El-Din, M. I. G., & Youssef, F. S. (2023). Non-Food Applications of Coriander Seed Extracts. In Handbook of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) (pp. 545-558): CRC Press.
  • Erdoğdu, Y., & Esendal, E. (2018). The Effects of Nitrogen Doses on the Seed Yield and Some Agronomic Characteristics of Coriander Cultivars. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 15(1).
  • Foroutan, R., Esmaeili, H., Mousavi, S. M., Hashemi, S. A., & Yeganeh, G. (2019). The physical properties of biodiesel-diesel fuel produced via transesterification process from different oil sources. Physical Chemistry Research, 7(2), 415-424.
  • Fregolente, P. B. L., Fregolente, L. V., & Wolf Maciel, M. R. (2012). Water content in biodiesel, diesel, and biodiesel–diesel blends. Journal of chemical & engineering data, 57(6), 1817-1821.
  • Kaplan, M., Aydin, S., & Fidan, M. S. (2009). Geleceğin alternatif enerji kaynağı biyoetanolün önemi ve sorgum bitkisi. KSU Journal of Engineering Sciences, 12(1), 24-33.
  • Karikalan, L., Chandrasekaran, M., Venugopal, S., Jacob, S., & Baskar, S. (2021). Investigations on diesel engine characteristics with Pongamia biodiesel at dissimilar compression ratios. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 42(9), 1005-1008.
  • Kori, A. H., Mahesar, S. A., Sherazi, S. T. H., Laghari, Z. H., & Otho, A. A. (2023). Non-Food Applications of Coriander Seeds and Leaves. In Handbook of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) (pp. 207-222): CRC Press.
  • Kotaiah, K., Periyasamy, P., & Prabhahar, M. (2020). Performance and emission characteristics of VCR diesel engine with pre heated Lemon Grass Biodiesel as fuel. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Laribi, B., Kouki, K., M'Hamdi, M., & Bettaieb, T. (2015). Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and its bioactive constituents. Fitoterapia, 103, 9-26.
  • Mert, A., & Bahadırlı, N. P. (2024). Determination of fresh and dry herb yield and quality characterization of different coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) populations grown under Eastern Mediterranean conditions. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(1), 55-61.
  • Miraculas, G. A., Bose, N., & Raj, R. E. (2016). Optimization of biofuel blends and compression ratio of a diesel engine fueled with Calophyllum inophyllum oil methyl ester. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 41, 1723-1733.
  • Nguyen, Q.-H., Talou, T., Evon, P., Cerny, M., & Merah, O. (2020). Fatty acid composition and oil content during coriander fruit development. Food chemistry, 326, 127034.
  • Ozdemir, Z., & Mutlubas, H. (2016). Biodiesel production methods and environmental effects. Kirklareli University Journal of Engineering and Science, 2(2), 129-143.
  • Özer, S. (2014). Alkollerin içten yanmalı motorlarda alternatif yakıt olarak kullanılması. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1), 97-114.
  • Pandey, B., Tripathi, P. P., & Tewari, C. P. (2023). Coriander Sativum: A Review on Chemical Diversity and Bioactive Potential. Food chemistry, 108(3), 879-884.
  • Prachayasittikul, V., Prachayasittikul, S., Ruchirawat, S., & Prachayasittikul, V. (2018). Coriander (Coriandrum sativum): A promising functional food toward the well-being. Food Research International, 105, 305-323.
  • Shameer, P. M., Ramesh, K., Sakthivel, R., & Purnachandran, R. (2016). Assessment on the influence of compression ratio on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel. Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 6(12), 344-372.
  • Şahin, S., & Mengeş, H. O. (2022). Determination of the Effects of Some Additives Added to the Mixture of Diesel and Safflower Biodiesel on Exhaust Emissions. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(4), 769-787.
  • Şahin, S., Şenkal, B. C., Eryılmaz, T., & Uskutoğlu, T. (2023). Investigation of the Usability of Biodiesel Produced from Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) Gürbüz Registered Variety Crude Oil in Diesel Engines. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 37(3), 505-514.
  • Tamilselvan, P., Nallusamy, N., & Rajkumar, S. (2017). A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 79, 1134-1159.
  • Tunçtürk, R. (2011). Kişniş (Coriandrum sativum L.) çeşitlerinde değişik ekim mesafelerinin verim ve kalite üzerine etkisi. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 21(2), 89-97.
  • Ustun-Argon, Z., Gumus, Z. P., & Yengin, C. (2023). Non-Food Applications of Coriander Fixed Oil. In Handbook of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) (pp. 411-434): CRC Press.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Machine Systems, Agricultural Energy Systems
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Seda Şahin 0000-0003-1743-9530

Nurullah Kartaloğlu 0000-0002-7933-2352

Tanzer Eryılmaz 0000-0002-2340-8362

Tansu Uskutoğlu 0000-0001-6631-1723

Belgin Coşge Şenkal 0000-0001-7330-8098

Submission Date May 20, 2025
Acceptance Date October 23, 2025
Publication Date December 27, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 39 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Şahin, S., Kartaloğlu, N., Eryılmaz, T., Uskutoğlu, T., & Coşge Şenkal, B. (2025). Biodiesel Production from Coriander (Arslan Variety) Seeds and Evaluation of Its Properties According to the EN 14214 Standard. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 39(3), 588-595. https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1703034
AMA 1.Şahin S, Kartaloğlu N, Eryılmaz T, Uskutoğlu T, Coşge Şenkal B. Biodiesel Production from Coriander (Arslan Variety) Seeds and Evaluation of Its Properties According to the EN 14214 Standard. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci. 2025;39(3):588-595. doi:10.15316/selcukjafsci.1703034
Chicago Şahin, Seda, Nurullah Kartaloğlu, Tanzer Eryılmaz, Tansu Uskutoğlu, and Belgin Coşge Şenkal. 2025. “Biodiesel Production from Coriander (Arslan Variety) Seeds and Evaluation of Its Properties According to the EN 14214 Standard”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 39 (3): 588-95. https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1703034.
EndNote Şahin S, Kartaloğlu N, Eryılmaz T, Uskutoğlu T, Coşge Şenkal B (December 1, 2025) Biodiesel Production from Coriander (Arslan Variety) Seeds and Evaluation of Its Properties According to the EN 14214 Standard. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 39 3 588–595.
IEEE [1]S. Şahin, N. Kartaloğlu, T. Eryılmaz, T. Uskutoğlu, and B. Coşge Şenkal, “Biodiesel Production from Coriander (Arslan Variety) Seeds and Evaluation of Its Properties According to the EN 14214 Standard”, Selcuk J Agr Food Sci, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 588–595, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.15316/selcukjafsci.1703034.
ISNAD Şahin, Seda - Kartaloğlu, Nurullah - Eryılmaz, Tanzer - Uskutoğlu, Tansu - Coşge Şenkal, Belgin. “Biodiesel Production from Coriander (Arslan Variety) Seeds and Evaluation of Its Properties According to the EN 14214 Standard”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 39/3 (December 1, 2025): 588-595. https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1703034.
JAMA 1.Şahin S, Kartaloğlu N, Eryılmaz T, Uskutoğlu T, Coşge Şenkal B. Biodiesel Production from Coriander (Arslan Variety) Seeds and Evaluation of Its Properties According to the EN 14214 Standard. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci. 2025;39:588–595.
MLA Şahin, Seda, et al. “Biodiesel Production from Coriander (Arslan Variety) Seeds and Evaluation of Its Properties According to the EN 14214 Standard”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, vol. 39, no. 3, Dec. 2025, pp. 588-95, doi:10.15316/selcukjafsci.1703034.
Vancouver 1.Şahin S, Kartaloğlu N, Eryılmaz T, Uskutoğlu T, Coşge Şenkal B. Biodiesel Production from Coriander (Arslan Variety) Seeds and Evaluation of Its Properties According to the EN 14214 Standard. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 1;39(3):588-95. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA39FG39MA

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