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DOĞU AVRUPA SİNEMASINDA POST KOMÜNİST NOSTALJİ

Year 2014, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 9 - 25, 20.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.32001/sinecine.540627

Abstract

Soğuk savaşın ardından politik istikrarsızlıkların, ekonomik krizlerin ve etnik çatışmaların damgasını vurduğu geçiş dönemi sona erdiğinde Doğu Avrupa devletleri serbest Pazar ekonomili post komünist ulus devletlere dönüştüler. Bu sancılı sürecin hayal kırıklığına uğrattığı halklarda totaliter geçmişin travmalarını gölgeleyen huzursuzluk, belirsizlik ve güvensizlik hissi belli bir tür nostalji duygusu doğurdu. Bu özel nostalji biçimi tüm Doğu Avrupa’da Jugo-nostalgija ya da Ostalgie gibi farklı isimler altında ortaya çıktı. Doğu Avrupalı post komünist filmler, bireysel ve kolektif bellek, sözlü tarih, şehir efsaneleri, belgesel ve arşiv görüntüler yoluyla geçmişle yüzleşirken bu komünist nostalji deneyimine katkıda bulundular. Bu makale post komünist filmlere ve bu filmlerin en yaygın başvurduğu estetik stratejilere, özellikle geçmiş rejimi grotesk törenlere indirgeme ve belgesel arşiv görüntülerini oyuncu bir biçimde kullanarak manipüle etme stratejilerine odaklanıyor.

References

  • Barney, T. (2009). When We was Red: Good Bye Lenin! And Nostalgia for the Everyday GDR, Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 6(2), 132-151.
  • Becker, W. (Yönetmen, Senarist). (2003). Goodbye Lenin / Elveda Lenin [Film]. Almanya: X-Filme Creative Pool.
  • Berdahl, D. (1999). N(O)stalgie for the Present: Memory, Longing and East German Things. Ethnos, 64(2),192-211.
  • Bjelogrlis, D. (Yönetmen). (2010). Montevideo, Bog te Video / Montevideo [Film]. Sırbistan: Intermedia Network.
  • Boym, S. (2009). Nostaljinin Gelecegi (F. B. Aydar). Metis: Istanbul.
  • Bresan, V. (Yönetmen). (1999). Maršal / Mareşal [Film]. Hırvatistan: HRT.
  • Cook, P. (2005). Rethinking nostalgia: In the Mood for Love and Far From Heaven. Screening the Past: Memory and Nostalgia in Cinema (s. 1-16). Londra & New York: Routledge.
  • Dakovis, N. (2008). Out of the Past: Memories and Nostalgia in (Post-) Yugoslav Cinema. O. Sarkisova & P. Apor (Ed.), Past for the Eyes: East European Representations of Communism in Cinema and Museums after 1989 (s. 117-141). Budapeşte: Central European Press.
  • Dragojevis, S. (Yönetmen, Senarist). (1996). Lepa Sela Lepo Gore / Güzel Köy Güzel Yanar [Film]. Yugoslavya: Cobra Films.
  • Ekman, J. & J. Linde (2005). Communist Nostalgia and the Consolidation of Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe. Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 21(3), 354 – 374.
  • Galt, R. (2006). Redrawing the Map: The New European Cinema. New York: Columbia UP.
  • Hillman, R. (2006). Goodbye Lenin (2003): History in the Subjunctive.Rethinking History, 10(2), 221-237.
  • Hutcheon, L. (2000). “Irony, Nostalgia, and the Postmodern.” Proceedings of the XVth Congress of the International Comparative Literature Association ‘Literature as Cultural Memory’, (s. 189-207). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Iordanova, D. (2007). Whose is this memory?: Hushed narratives and discerning remembrance in Balkan Cinema. Cineaste, 32(3). http://acturca.wordpress.com/2007/06/24/whose-is-this-memory-hushed-narratives-and- discerning-remembrance-in-balkan-cinema/
  • Jameson, F. (1998). Postmodernism and Consumer Society. The Cultural Turn: Selected Writings on the Postmodern 1983-1998 (s.1-20). Londra:Verso.
  • Kovacevis, D. (Yönetmen). (2003). Profesionalac / Profesyonel [Film]. Sırbistan ve Karadag: Vans See.
  • Kovacevis, N. (2008). Narrating Post/Communism: Colonial Disourse and Europe’s Borderline Civilization. Londra & New York: Routledge.
  • Kuljis, T. (2009). Titostalgia, Mitja Velikonja Titostalgia – A Study of Nostalgia for Josip Broz, 2008, Mirovni inštitut, Ljubljana, 146 stranica. Filozofija Drustvo, 3, 253-257.
  • Kusturica, E. (Yönetmen). (1995). Underground [Film]. Yugoslavya: CiBy 2000.
  • Legg, S. (2004). Review Essay: Memory and Nostalgia. Cultural Geographies, 11, 99–107.
  • Markovis, G. (Yönetmen). (1992). Tito i Ja / Tito ve Ben [Film]. Yugoslavya: Avala Film.
  • Mungiu, C. (Yönetmen). (2009). Amintiri din epoca de aur / Altın Çagdan Öyküler [Film]. Romanya: Mobra Films.
  • Nikolis, B. (Yönetmen). (1993). Tri karte za Holivud / Holivut’a Üç Bilet [Film]. Yugoslavya: Centar Film.
  • Palfi, G. (Yönetmen). (2006). Taxidermia / Taksidermi [Film]. Macaristan: Amour Fou Filmproduktion.
  • Palmberger, M. (2008). Nostalgia Matters: Nostalgia for Yugoslavia as Potential Vision for a Better Future. Sociologija, Vol. L (4), 355-370.
  • Scribner, C. (2003). Requiem for Communism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Simmons, C. (2009). Miljenko Jergovis and (Yugo)Nostalgia, Russian Literature LXVI (IV), 457-469.
  • Solomon, A. (Yönetmen, Senarist). (2004). Marele Jaf Comunist / Büyük Komünist Banka Soygunu [Film]. Romanya: BBC.
  • Šotra, Z. (Yönetmen). (2005). Zona Zamfirova [Film]. Yugoslavya:Dream Company.
  • Sotra, Z. (Yönetmen). (2012). Šešir profesora Koste Vujisa / Profesör Koste Vuyiç’in Çapkası [Film]. Sırbistan: Kosutnjak Film.
  • Volcic, Z. (2007). Yugo-Nostalgia: Cultural Memory and Media in the Former Yugoslavia. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 24 (1), 21-38.
  • Xhuvani, G. (Yönetmen). (2001). Parullat / Sloganlar [Film]. Arnavutluk: Albanian General Vision.

Post Communist Nostalgia in East European Cinema

Year 2014, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 9 - 25, 20.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.32001/sinecine.540627

Abstract

After the end of the Cold War and transition stages marked by political instability, economic crisis, and ethnic clashes, East European states were transformed into post communist nation states with a liberal market economy. This painful process created discontent, uncertainty, and insecurity among the disillusioned people, overshadowing the trauma of a totalitarian past and creating a certain feeling of nostalgia that emerged all over East Europe in guises such as Jugo-nostalgija and Ostalgie. East European post communist films contribute to post-Communist nostalgia by dealing with the past through individual and collective memory, oral history, urban legends, and documentary and archival footage. This paper is focused on common aesthetic strategies of post communist films, particularly the reduction of past regimes into grotesque ceremonies and the playful manipulation of documentary footage.

References

  • Barney, T. (2009). When We was Red: Good Bye Lenin! And Nostalgia for the Everyday GDR, Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 6(2), 132-151.
  • Becker, W. (Yönetmen, Senarist). (2003). Goodbye Lenin / Elveda Lenin [Film]. Almanya: X-Filme Creative Pool.
  • Berdahl, D. (1999). N(O)stalgie for the Present: Memory, Longing and East German Things. Ethnos, 64(2),192-211.
  • Bjelogrlis, D. (Yönetmen). (2010). Montevideo, Bog te Video / Montevideo [Film]. Sırbistan: Intermedia Network.
  • Boym, S. (2009). Nostaljinin Gelecegi (F. B. Aydar). Metis: Istanbul.
  • Bresan, V. (Yönetmen). (1999). Maršal / Mareşal [Film]. Hırvatistan: HRT.
  • Cook, P. (2005). Rethinking nostalgia: In the Mood for Love and Far From Heaven. Screening the Past: Memory and Nostalgia in Cinema (s. 1-16). Londra & New York: Routledge.
  • Dakovis, N. (2008). Out of the Past: Memories and Nostalgia in (Post-) Yugoslav Cinema. O. Sarkisova & P. Apor (Ed.), Past for the Eyes: East European Representations of Communism in Cinema and Museums after 1989 (s. 117-141). Budapeşte: Central European Press.
  • Dragojevis, S. (Yönetmen, Senarist). (1996). Lepa Sela Lepo Gore / Güzel Köy Güzel Yanar [Film]. Yugoslavya: Cobra Films.
  • Ekman, J. & J. Linde (2005). Communist Nostalgia and the Consolidation of Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe. Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 21(3), 354 – 374.
  • Galt, R. (2006). Redrawing the Map: The New European Cinema. New York: Columbia UP.
  • Hillman, R. (2006). Goodbye Lenin (2003): History in the Subjunctive.Rethinking History, 10(2), 221-237.
  • Hutcheon, L. (2000). “Irony, Nostalgia, and the Postmodern.” Proceedings of the XVth Congress of the International Comparative Literature Association ‘Literature as Cultural Memory’, (s. 189-207). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Iordanova, D. (2007). Whose is this memory?: Hushed narratives and discerning remembrance in Balkan Cinema. Cineaste, 32(3). http://acturca.wordpress.com/2007/06/24/whose-is-this-memory-hushed-narratives-and- discerning-remembrance-in-balkan-cinema/
  • Jameson, F. (1998). Postmodernism and Consumer Society. The Cultural Turn: Selected Writings on the Postmodern 1983-1998 (s.1-20). Londra:Verso.
  • Kovacevis, D. (Yönetmen). (2003). Profesionalac / Profesyonel [Film]. Sırbistan ve Karadag: Vans See.
  • Kovacevis, N. (2008). Narrating Post/Communism: Colonial Disourse and Europe’s Borderline Civilization. Londra & New York: Routledge.
  • Kuljis, T. (2009). Titostalgia, Mitja Velikonja Titostalgia – A Study of Nostalgia for Josip Broz, 2008, Mirovni inštitut, Ljubljana, 146 stranica. Filozofija Drustvo, 3, 253-257.
  • Kusturica, E. (Yönetmen). (1995). Underground [Film]. Yugoslavya: CiBy 2000.
  • Legg, S. (2004). Review Essay: Memory and Nostalgia. Cultural Geographies, 11, 99–107.
  • Markovis, G. (Yönetmen). (1992). Tito i Ja / Tito ve Ben [Film]. Yugoslavya: Avala Film.
  • Mungiu, C. (Yönetmen). (2009). Amintiri din epoca de aur / Altın Çagdan Öyküler [Film]. Romanya: Mobra Films.
  • Nikolis, B. (Yönetmen). (1993). Tri karte za Holivud / Holivut’a Üç Bilet [Film]. Yugoslavya: Centar Film.
  • Palfi, G. (Yönetmen). (2006). Taxidermia / Taksidermi [Film]. Macaristan: Amour Fou Filmproduktion.
  • Palmberger, M. (2008). Nostalgia Matters: Nostalgia for Yugoslavia as Potential Vision for a Better Future. Sociologija, Vol. L (4), 355-370.
  • Scribner, C. (2003). Requiem for Communism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Simmons, C. (2009). Miljenko Jergovis and (Yugo)Nostalgia, Russian Literature LXVI (IV), 457-469.
  • Solomon, A. (Yönetmen, Senarist). (2004). Marele Jaf Comunist / Büyük Komünist Banka Soygunu [Film]. Romanya: BBC.
  • Šotra, Z. (Yönetmen). (2005). Zona Zamfirova [Film]. Yugoslavya:Dream Company.
  • Sotra, Z. (Yönetmen). (2012). Šešir profesora Koste Vujisa / Profesör Koste Vuyiç’in Çapkası [Film]. Sırbistan: Kosutnjak Film.
  • Volcic, Z. (2007). Yugo-Nostalgia: Cultural Memory and Media in the Former Yugoslavia. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 24 (1), 21-38.
  • Xhuvani, G. (Yönetmen). (2001). Parullat / Sloganlar [Film]. Arnavutluk: Albanian General Vision.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Features
Authors

Özgür Yaren 0000-0002-0760-0303

Publication Date March 20, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yaren, Ö. (2019). DOĞU AVRUPA SİNEMASINDA POST KOMÜNİST NOSTALJİ. Sinecine: Sinema Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 9-25. https://doi.org/10.32001/sinecine.540627

sinecine TR DİZİN ve FIAF tarafından taranmaktadır.