Research Article
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Zorbalığın ve Damgalanmanın Sinemasal Suretleri: Bilmemek Filmi

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 15, 52 - 74, 27.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.31122/sinefilozofi.1165758

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Bilmemek (2019) filmi üzerinden zorbalık ve damgala(n)ma durumlarının izdüşümleri irdelenmiştir. Filmin ana kahramanlarından olan Umut’un yaşadıklarına odaklanılarak, zorbalık ve damgalanma eylemlerinin temsilleri yorumlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Umut, ailesinden gördüğü örtülü baskının yanında akıbeti belli olmayan bir fotoğraf sebebiyle okul arkadaşları tarafından dışlanır, zorbalığa maruz kalır. Örselenen kimliğinin, marjinalleştirilen benliğinin acısını ağır bir biçimde yaşar. Bu yönüyle, dikkate değer bir örneklem olarak görülen Bilmemek filmi betimsel analiz ve söylem analizine tabi tutularak irdelenmiştir. Öteki olma, sosyal tecrite maruz kalma, cinsel yönelimden ötürü oluşan etiketlenme durumlarının karakter bazındaki göstergeleri ifade edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak zorbalığın kişinin üzerinde ağır hasarlar bıraktığı, karakter düzleminde onulmaz yaralara sebep olduğuna kanaat getirilmiştir. Sinema filmlerinin bu temsilleri örneklendirmekte yetkin bir araç, empati kurulumunu sağlayan önemli bir sorgulama aracı olduğuna ulaşılmıştır.

References

  • Ainley, S. & C. Coleman, & L. M. Becker. (1986). Stigma Reconsidered, in The Dilemma of Difference, Ainley, S. C. (Eds.), Plenum, New York, pp. 1–13.
  • Atik, G., Özmen, O., & Kemer, G. (2012). Zorbalık ve Boyun Eğme Davranışı. Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences, 45(1).
  • Bauman, S. (2007). Cyberbullying: A virtual menace. In National Coalition Against Bullying National Conference, 2(4).
  • Becker, H. S. (2021). Hariciler (Outsiders): Bir Sapkınlık Sosyolojisi Çalışması. (Çev. Ş. Geniş, L. Ünsaldı). 5. Basım, Ankara: Heretik Yayınları.
  • Bibou-Nakou, I., Tsiantis, J., Assimopoulos, H., Chatzilambou, P., & Giannakopoulou, D. (2012). School factors related to bullying: A qualitative study of early adolescent students. Social psychology of education, 15(2), 125-145.
  • Bonitzer, P. (2011). Kör Alan ve Dekadrajlar. (Çev.) İzzet Yaşar. 2. Basım, İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Bos, A.E.R., & Pryor, J.B., & Reeder, G.D. & Stutterheim, S.E., (2013), Stigma: Advances in Theory and Research, Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 35(1): 1-9.
  • Burgess-Proctor, A., Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2009). Cyberbullying and online harassment: Reconceptualizing the victimization of adolescent girls. Female crime victims: Reality reconsidered, 162-176.
  • Carney, A. G., & Merrell, K. W. (2001). Bullying in schools: Perspectives on understanding and preventing an international problem. School Psychology International, 22(3), 364-382.
  • Carney, A. G., & Merrell, K. W. (2001). Bullying in schools: Perspectives on understanding and preventing an international problem. School Psychology International, 22(3), 364-382.
  • Coles, T. (2008). Finding space in the field of masculunity: Lived experiences of men’s masculunities. Journal of Sociology, 44, 233.
  • Corrigan, P. W., & Shapiro, J. R. (2010). Measuring the impact of programs that challenge the public stigma of mental illness. Clinical psychology review, 30(8), 907–922.
  • Craig, W. M., Pepler, D., & Atlas, R. (2000). Observations of bullying in the playground and in the classroom. School psychology international, 21(1), 22-36.
  • Crocker, J., Major, B., & Steele, C. (1998). Social stigma. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology. McGraw-Hill.
  • Çam, O., & Çuhadar, D. (2011). Ruhsal hastalığa sahip bireylerde damgalama süreci ve içselleştirilmiş damgalama. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 2(3), 136-140.
  • Çelenk, T. E. A., & Yıldızlar, O. (2019). Lise öğrencilerinde akran zorbalığı ve mağduriyetinin incelenmesi. Sağlık ve Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(2), 24-31.
  • Çelik, H., & Halil, E. (2008). Söylem analizi. Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(27), 99-117.
  • Dovidio, J. F., Major, B., & Crocker, J. (2000). Stigma: Introduction and overview. In T. F. Heatherton, R. E. Kleck, M. R. Hebl, & J. G. Hull (Eds.), The social psychology of stigma (pp. 1–28). Guilford Press.
  • Earnshaw, V. A., Reisner, S. L., Juvonen, J., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Perrotti, J., & Schuster, M. A. (2017). LGBTQ bullying: translating research to action in pediatrics. Pediatrics, 140(4).
  • Earnshaw, V. A., Reisner, S. L., Menino, D. D., Poteat, V. P., Bogart, L. M., Barnes, T. N., & Schuster, M. A. (2018). Stigma-based bullying interventions: A systematic review. Developmental review, 48, 178-200. Erdur-Baker, Ö., & Kavşut, F. (2007). Akran zorbalığının yeni yüzü: siber zorbalık. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research (EJER), (27).
  • Falk, G. (2001). Stigma: How We Treat Outsiders. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
  • Foucault, M. (2001). Kelimeler ve Şeyler. (Çev. Mehmet Ali Kılıçbay). Ankara: İmge Yayınevi
  • Furniss, C. (2000). Bullying in schools: It's not a crime-is it. Education and the Law, 12(1), 9-29.
  • Goffman, E. (2022). Damga: Örselenmiş Kimliğin İdare Edilişi Üzerine Notlar. (Çev. Ş. Geniş, L. Ünsaldı, S.N Ağırnaslı) 7. Baskı, Ankara: Heretik Yayınları.
  • Hamarus, P., & Kaikkonen, P. (2008). School bullying as a creator of pupil peer pressure. Educational research, 50(4), 333-345.
  • Huggins, M. (2016). Stigma is the origin of bullying. Journal of Catholic Education, 19(3), 166-196.
  • Jones, E., Farina, A., Hastorf, A., Marbus, H., Mitler, D., Scott, B., & French, R. 144 Harper (1984). Social stigma: The psychology of marked relationships. New York: Freeman.
  • Juvonen, J., & Graham, S. (2014). Bullying in schools: The power of bullies and the plight of victims. Annual review of psychology, 65(1), 159-185.
  • Kant, I. (1993). Arı Usun Eleştirisi. (Çev. Aziz Yardımlı). İstanbul: İdea Yayınevi.
  • Kearney, R. (2022). Yabancılar, Tanrılar ve Canavarlar: Ötekiliği Yorumlamak. (Çev. Barış Özkul). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Le Bon, G. (1997). Kitleler Psikolojisi, İstanbul: Hayat Yayınları.
  • LeBel, T. P. (2008). Perceptions of and responses to stigma. Sociology Compass, 2(2), 409-432.
  • Link, B. G., Phelan J. C. (2001). Conceptualizing stigma. Annual Review of Sociology, 27, 363-385.
  • Ma, X. (2001). Bullying and being bullied: To what extent are bullies also victims?. American Educational Research Journal, 38(2), 351-370.
  • Major, B. ve O’Brien, L. (2005). The Social psychology of stigma. Annual Review of Psychology, 56, 393-421. Nabors, N. A. (2012). The social psychology of stigma. Multiple minority identities: Applications for practice, Research, and Training, 13-34.
  • O'Connell, P., Sedighdeilami, F., Pepler, D. J., Craig, W., Connolly, J., Atlas, R., & Charach, A. (1997). Prevalence of Bullying and Victimization among Canadian Elementary and Middle School Children.
  • Olweus, D. (1999). The Nature of Scholl Bullying: A Cross National Perspective. London and New York Routledge.
  • Özbek, A. (2020). Buna hakkın yok ve mahkemeni tanımıyorum. Bianet Websitesi, 24.07.2020, https://m.bianet.org/bianet/yasam/228011-buna-hakkin-yok-ve-mahkemeni-tanimiyorum Erişim Tarihi: 10.08.2022.
  • Pescosolido, B. A., & Martin, J. K. (2015). The Stigma Complex. Annual review of sociology, 41, 87–116.
  • Rigby, K. (2003). Consequences of bullying in schools. The Canadian journal of psychiatry, 48(9), 583-590.
  • Ross, D. M. (2002). Bullying. In J. Sandoval (Ed.), Handbook of crisis counseling, intervention, and prevention in schools (pp. 105-135). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Russell, S. T., Sinclair, K. O., Poteat, V. P., & Koenig, B. W. (2012). Adolescent health and harassment based on discriminatory bias. American Journal of Public Health, 102(3), 493- 495.
  • Ryan, M. & Kellner, D. (2010). Politik Kamera. (Çev Elif Özsayar). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları. Schnapper, D. (2005). Sosyoloji Düşüncesinin Özünde Öteki ile İlişki, (Çev. Ayşegül Sönmezay). İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Schneider, J. W., & Conrad, P. (1980). In the Closet with Illness: Epilepsy, Stigma Potential and Information Control. Social Problems, 28(1), 32–44.
  • Siegel, K., Lune, H., & Meyer, I. H. (1998). Stigma management among gay/bisexual men with HIV/AIDS. Qualitative sociology, 21(1), 3-24.
  • Slonje, R., Smith, P. K., & Frisén, A. (2013). The nature of cyberbullying, and strategies for prevention. Computers in human behavior, 29(1), 26-32.
  • Smith, P. K., & Brain, P. (2000). Bullying in schools: Lessons from two decades of research. Aggressive Behavior, 26(1), 1–9. Smith, P. K., & Sharp, S. (1994). School Bullying: Insights And Perspectives. London : Routledge. ED 387 223.
  • Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., & Tippett, N. (2008). Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, 376–385.
  • Stevenson, P. & Smıth, D. (1989) Bullying in the junior school, in: D.P. Tattum & D.A. Lane (eds), Bullying in Schools (Stoke-on-Trent, Trentham Books).
  • Thornberg, R., & Knutsen, S. (2011). Teenagers’ explanations of bullying. In Child & Youth Care Forum 40(3), 177-192).
  • Thornicroft, G. (2014). Toplumun Reddettiği: Ruhsal Hastalığı Olan İnsanlara Karşı Ayrımcılık. (Çev. N. Uluhan, T. Doğan, H. Soygür,). Ankara: İmaj Yayınevi.
  • Uçar İlbuğa, E. (2020). Bilmemek Filmi Üzerinden Öteki Kavramına Bir Bakış. Medya ve Kültürel Çalışmalar Dergisi, II (I), 48-49.
  • Van Laar, C., & Levin, S. (2006). The Experience of Stigma: Individual, Interpersonal, and Situational Influences. In S. Levin & C. van Laar (Eds.), Stigma and group inequality: Social psychological perspectives. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Varjas, K., Dew, B., Marshall, M., Graybill, E., Singh, A., Meyers, J., & Birckbichler, L. (2008). Bullying in schools towards sexual minority youth. Journal of school violence, 7(2), 59-86.
  • Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2004). Online aggressor/targets, aggressors, and targets: A comparison of associated youth characteristics. Journal of child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(7), 1308-1316.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.

Cinematic Aspects of Bullying and Stigma: Not Knowing Film

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 15, 52 - 74, 27.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.31122/sinefilozofi.1165758

Abstract

In this study, the projections of bullying and stigmatization were examined through the movie Bilmemek (2019). By focusing on the experiences of Umut, one of the main character of the film, the representations of bullying and stigmatization have been interpreted. Umut is targeted and bullied by his schoolmates because of a photograph whose apocryphal is unknown, as well as the intense pressure he sees from his family. He suffers heavily from his bruised identity, his marginalized self. In this respect, the movie Bilmemek, which is seen as a remarkable sample, has been examined by subjecting it to a descriptive and discourse analysis. It has tried to express the character-based indicators of being the other, being exposed to social isolation, and being labeled due to sexual orientation. As a result, it was concluded that bullying left heavy damage on the person and caused irreparable injuries on the character level. It has been found that movies are a competent tool in exemplifying these representations and provide and important questioning tool that gives empathy.

References

  • Ainley, S. & C. Coleman, & L. M. Becker. (1986). Stigma Reconsidered, in The Dilemma of Difference, Ainley, S. C. (Eds.), Plenum, New York, pp. 1–13.
  • Atik, G., Özmen, O., & Kemer, G. (2012). Zorbalık ve Boyun Eğme Davranışı. Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences, 45(1).
  • Bauman, S. (2007). Cyberbullying: A virtual menace. In National Coalition Against Bullying National Conference, 2(4).
  • Becker, H. S. (2021). Hariciler (Outsiders): Bir Sapkınlık Sosyolojisi Çalışması. (Çev. Ş. Geniş, L. Ünsaldı). 5. Basım, Ankara: Heretik Yayınları.
  • Bibou-Nakou, I., Tsiantis, J., Assimopoulos, H., Chatzilambou, P., & Giannakopoulou, D. (2012). School factors related to bullying: A qualitative study of early adolescent students. Social psychology of education, 15(2), 125-145.
  • Bonitzer, P. (2011). Kör Alan ve Dekadrajlar. (Çev.) İzzet Yaşar. 2. Basım, İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Bos, A.E.R., & Pryor, J.B., & Reeder, G.D. & Stutterheim, S.E., (2013), Stigma: Advances in Theory and Research, Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 35(1): 1-9.
  • Burgess-Proctor, A., Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2009). Cyberbullying and online harassment: Reconceptualizing the victimization of adolescent girls. Female crime victims: Reality reconsidered, 162-176.
  • Carney, A. G., & Merrell, K. W. (2001). Bullying in schools: Perspectives on understanding and preventing an international problem. School Psychology International, 22(3), 364-382.
  • Carney, A. G., & Merrell, K. W. (2001). Bullying in schools: Perspectives on understanding and preventing an international problem. School Psychology International, 22(3), 364-382.
  • Coles, T. (2008). Finding space in the field of masculunity: Lived experiences of men’s masculunities. Journal of Sociology, 44, 233.
  • Corrigan, P. W., & Shapiro, J. R. (2010). Measuring the impact of programs that challenge the public stigma of mental illness. Clinical psychology review, 30(8), 907–922.
  • Craig, W. M., Pepler, D., & Atlas, R. (2000). Observations of bullying in the playground and in the classroom. School psychology international, 21(1), 22-36.
  • Crocker, J., Major, B., & Steele, C. (1998). Social stigma. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology. McGraw-Hill.
  • Çam, O., & Çuhadar, D. (2011). Ruhsal hastalığa sahip bireylerde damgalama süreci ve içselleştirilmiş damgalama. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 2(3), 136-140.
  • Çelenk, T. E. A., & Yıldızlar, O. (2019). Lise öğrencilerinde akran zorbalığı ve mağduriyetinin incelenmesi. Sağlık ve Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(2), 24-31.
  • Çelik, H., & Halil, E. (2008). Söylem analizi. Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(27), 99-117.
  • Dovidio, J. F., Major, B., & Crocker, J. (2000). Stigma: Introduction and overview. In T. F. Heatherton, R. E. Kleck, M. R. Hebl, & J. G. Hull (Eds.), The social psychology of stigma (pp. 1–28). Guilford Press.
  • Earnshaw, V. A., Reisner, S. L., Juvonen, J., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Perrotti, J., & Schuster, M. A. (2017). LGBTQ bullying: translating research to action in pediatrics. Pediatrics, 140(4).
  • Earnshaw, V. A., Reisner, S. L., Menino, D. D., Poteat, V. P., Bogart, L. M., Barnes, T. N., & Schuster, M. A. (2018). Stigma-based bullying interventions: A systematic review. Developmental review, 48, 178-200. Erdur-Baker, Ö., & Kavşut, F. (2007). Akran zorbalığının yeni yüzü: siber zorbalık. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research (EJER), (27).
  • Falk, G. (2001). Stigma: How We Treat Outsiders. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
  • Foucault, M. (2001). Kelimeler ve Şeyler. (Çev. Mehmet Ali Kılıçbay). Ankara: İmge Yayınevi
  • Furniss, C. (2000). Bullying in schools: It's not a crime-is it. Education and the Law, 12(1), 9-29.
  • Goffman, E. (2022). Damga: Örselenmiş Kimliğin İdare Edilişi Üzerine Notlar. (Çev. Ş. Geniş, L. Ünsaldı, S.N Ağırnaslı) 7. Baskı, Ankara: Heretik Yayınları.
  • Hamarus, P., & Kaikkonen, P. (2008). School bullying as a creator of pupil peer pressure. Educational research, 50(4), 333-345.
  • Huggins, M. (2016). Stigma is the origin of bullying. Journal of Catholic Education, 19(3), 166-196.
  • Jones, E., Farina, A., Hastorf, A., Marbus, H., Mitler, D., Scott, B., & French, R. 144 Harper (1984). Social stigma: The psychology of marked relationships. New York: Freeman.
  • Juvonen, J., & Graham, S. (2014). Bullying in schools: The power of bullies and the plight of victims. Annual review of psychology, 65(1), 159-185.
  • Kant, I. (1993). Arı Usun Eleştirisi. (Çev. Aziz Yardımlı). İstanbul: İdea Yayınevi.
  • Kearney, R. (2022). Yabancılar, Tanrılar ve Canavarlar: Ötekiliği Yorumlamak. (Çev. Barış Özkul). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Le Bon, G. (1997). Kitleler Psikolojisi, İstanbul: Hayat Yayınları.
  • LeBel, T. P. (2008). Perceptions of and responses to stigma. Sociology Compass, 2(2), 409-432.
  • Link, B. G., Phelan J. C. (2001). Conceptualizing stigma. Annual Review of Sociology, 27, 363-385.
  • Ma, X. (2001). Bullying and being bullied: To what extent are bullies also victims?. American Educational Research Journal, 38(2), 351-370.
  • Major, B. ve O’Brien, L. (2005). The Social psychology of stigma. Annual Review of Psychology, 56, 393-421. Nabors, N. A. (2012). The social psychology of stigma. Multiple minority identities: Applications for practice, Research, and Training, 13-34.
  • O'Connell, P., Sedighdeilami, F., Pepler, D. J., Craig, W., Connolly, J., Atlas, R., & Charach, A. (1997). Prevalence of Bullying and Victimization among Canadian Elementary and Middle School Children.
  • Olweus, D. (1999). The Nature of Scholl Bullying: A Cross National Perspective. London and New York Routledge.
  • Özbek, A. (2020). Buna hakkın yok ve mahkemeni tanımıyorum. Bianet Websitesi, 24.07.2020, https://m.bianet.org/bianet/yasam/228011-buna-hakkin-yok-ve-mahkemeni-tanimiyorum Erişim Tarihi: 10.08.2022.
  • Pescosolido, B. A., & Martin, J. K. (2015). The Stigma Complex. Annual review of sociology, 41, 87–116.
  • Rigby, K. (2003). Consequences of bullying in schools. The Canadian journal of psychiatry, 48(9), 583-590.
  • Ross, D. M. (2002). Bullying. In J. Sandoval (Ed.), Handbook of crisis counseling, intervention, and prevention in schools (pp. 105-135). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Russell, S. T., Sinclair, K. O., Poteat, V. P., & Koenig, B. W. (2012). Adolescent health and harassment based on discriminatory bias. American Journal of Public Health, 102(3), 493- 495.
  • Ryan, M. & Kellner, D. (2010). Politik Kamera. (Çev Elif Özsayar). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları. Schnapper, D. (2005). Sosyoloji Düşüncesinin Özünde Öteki ile İlişki, (Çev. Ayşegül Sönmezay). İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Schneider, J. W., & Conrad, P. (1980). In the Closet with Illness: Epilepsy, Stigma Potential and Information Control. Social Problems, 28(1), 32–44.
  • Siegel, K., Lune, H., & Meyer, I. H. (1998). Stigma management among gay/bisexual men with HIV/AIDS. Qualitative sociology, 21(1), 3-24.
  • Slonje, R., Smith, P. K., & Frisén, A. (2013). The nature of cyberbullying, and strategies for prevention. Computers in human behavior, 29(1), 26-32.
  • Smith, P. K., & Brain, P. (2000). Bullying in schools: Lessons from two decades of research. Aggressive Behavior, 26(1), 1–9. Smith, P. K., & Sharp, S. (1994). School Bullying: Insights And Perspectives. London : Routledge. ED 387 223.
  • Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., & Tippett, N. (2008). Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, 376–385.
  • Stevenson, P. & Smıth, D. (1989) Bullying in the junior school, in: D.P. Tattum & D.A. Lane (eds), Bullying in Schools (Stoke-on-Trent, Trentham Books).
  • Thornberg, R., & Knutsen, S. (2011). Teenagers’ explanations of bullying. In Child & Youth Care Forum 40(3), 177-192).
  • Thornicroft, G. (2014). Toplumun Reddettiği: Ruhsal Hastalığı Olan İnsanlara Karşı Ayrımcılık. (Çev. N. Uluhan, T. Doğan, H. Soygür,). Ankara: İmaj Yayınevi.
  • Uçar İlbuğa, E. (2020). Bilmemek Filmi Üzerinden Öteki Kavramına Bir Bakış. Medya ve Kültürel Çalışmalar Dergisi, II (I), 48-49.
  • Van Laar, C., & Levin, S. (2006). The Experience of Stigma: Individual, Interpersonal, and Situational Influences. In S. Levin & C. van Laar (Eds.), Stigma and group inequality: Social psychological perspectives. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Varjas, K., Dew, B., Marshall, M., Graybill, E., Singh, A., Meyers, J., & Birckbichler, L. (2008). Bullying in schools towards sexual minority youth. Journal of school violence, 7(2), 59-86.
  • Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2004). Online aggressor/targets, aggressors, and targets: A comparison of associated youth characteristics. Journal of child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(7), 1308-1316.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.
There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Onur Turgut 0000-0003-1631-5800

Early Pub Date June 27, 2023
Publication Date June 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 8 Issue: 15

Cite

APA Turgut, O. (2023). Zorbalığın ve Damgalanmanın Sinemasal Suretleri: Bilmemek Filmi. SineFilozofi, 8(15), 52-74. https://doi.org/10.31122/sinefilozofi.1165758