$Foeniculum$ $vulgare$ ve $Origanum$ $onites$ Uçucu Yağ Nanoemülsiyonlarının Bakteriyel Balık Patojenlerine Karşı Antibakteriyel ve Antibiyofilm Aktivitesinin Tespiti

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde mortalitelere sebep olan $Aeromonas$ $hydrophila$, $Vibrio$ $anguillarum$, $Photobacterium$ $damselae$, $Lactococcus$ $garvieae$, $Staphylococcus$ $warneri$ ve $Vagococcus$ $salmoninarum$ patojenlerine karşı $Origanum$ $onites$ (OEO) ve $Foeniculum$ $vulgare$ (FEO) uçucu yağlarının ve nanoemülsiyonlarının antibakteriyel aktivitesi, virülens faktörü olan biyofilm üretiminin tespiti ve antibiyofilm aktivitesinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. OEO ve FEO uçucu yağ ve nanoemülsiyonlarının antibakteriyel etkileri disk difüzyon yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Tüm patojenlere karşı OEO güçlü antibakteriyel etki göstermiştir. Bu etkinin nanoemülsiyon formunda daha da güçlendiği görülmüştür. Özellikle OEO uçucu yağ nanoemülsiyonunun pozitif kontrol grubuna göre daha güçlü etkisi nedeniyle $A.$ $hydrophila$, $L.$ $garvieae$, $V.$ $anguillarum$ ve $P.$ $damselae$ bakterilerinin neden olduğu hastalıklarda doğal bir tedavi edici ürün olarak kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir. Bakteriyel balık patojenlerinin biyofilm üretimi tüp yöntemi ile incelenmiş olup $V.$ $salmoninarum$ ve $S.$ $warneri$ türlerinde biyofilm üretimi pozitif olarak tespit edilmiştir. OEO uçucu yağının antibiyofilm aktivitesi için mikroplak yöntemi uygulanmıştır ve konsantrasyonlara bağlı olarak biyofim aktiviteyi engellediği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Tıbbi bitki
• bakteriyel balık patojenleri
• disk difüzyon yöntemi
• biyofilm
• well plate yöntemi

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of $Foeniculum$ $vulgare$ and $Origanum$ $onites$ Essential Oil Nanoemulsions Against Bacterial Fish Pathogens

Abstract

The present study was conducted to determine the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of $Origanum$ $onites$ (thyme, OEO) and $Foeniculum$ $vulgare$ (fennel, FEO) essential oils and nanoemulsions against bacterial species ($Aeromonas$ $hydrophila$, $Vibrio$ $anguillarum$, $Photobacterium$ $damselae$, $Lactococcus$ $garvieae$, $Staphylococcus$ $warneri$ and $Vagococcus$ $salmoninarum$) that cause mortality in aquaculture. Antimicrobial activities were determined using the disc diffusion method. It was found that the essential oil of OEO exhibited strong antibacterial activity against bacterial fish pathogens. It has been determined that this antibacterial effect is further increased in the nanoemulsion form of the oils. Especially, the nanoemulsion form of OEO essential oil showed a stronger impact than the positive control group, indicating its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for treating bacterial diseases caused by $A.$ $hydrophila$, $L.$ $garvieae$, $V.$ $anguillarum$ and $P.$ $damselae$ species. The biofilm production of bacterial fish pathogens was examined using the tube method, with positive biofilm production detected in $V.$ $salmoninarum$ and $S.$ $warneri$ species. The well plate method was applied to determine the antibiofilm activity of OEO. It was determined that it was effective on the decrease in activity.

Keywords

• Medicinal plant
• bacterial fish pathogens
• disc diffusion method
• well plate method

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