Farklı Çözücülerle Ekstrakte Edilen $Smilax$ $excelsa$ L.’nin Fitokimyasal, Antioksidan ve Antimikrobiyal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Yaprak ve sürgünleri günlük diyette sıklıkla tüketilen ve geleneksel tıpta çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılan, yenilebilir yabani bir bitki olan $Smilax$ $excelsa$ L. başta Karadeniz Bölgesi olmak üzere Türkiye’nin belirli bölgelerinde yetişmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı çözücülerle hazırlanan $S.$ $excelsa$ ekstraktlarının fitokimyasal özelliklerini, antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktivitelerini belirlemektir. Çalışmada, $S.$ $excelsa$ sürgünleri su, %70 etanol ve %80 metanol çözücüleriyle ekstrakte edilmiş ve ultrason destekli ekstraksiyon metodu uygulanmıştır. Bitkiden elde edilen ekstraktların toplam fenolik madde miktarının etanol (75.09 mg/g) ve metanol (74.72 mg/g) ekstraktlarında su ekstraktına (49.62 mg/g) kıyasla yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Su ekstraktı en yüksek flavonoid (22.96 mg/g) miktarına sahipken, %80’lik metanol ekstraktı en yüksek toplam antosiyanin miktarına (0.52 mg/g) sahiptir. $S.$ $excelsa$ ekstraktlarının çeşitli patojenlere karşı etkinliği de araştırılmıştır. $Enterococcus$ $faecalis$ ATCC 29212 patojeninin ekili olduğu Petride, yalnızca su ekstraktının emdirildiği diskin etrafında açık zon oluşumu meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir. Zon çapı 2.10 ± 0.08 cm’idi. Çalışma sonucunda, özellikle etanol ve metanol ekstraktlarının hem fitokimyasal özellikler hem de antioksidan aktiviteler bakımından etkin olduğu ve bu nedenle yüksek antioksidan özellikler sergiledikleri söylenebilir.

Keywords

• Smilax excelsa
• yenilebilir yabani bitkiler
• fenolik bileşik
• antioksidan aktivite

Determination of the Phytochemical, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties of $Smilax$ $excelsa$ L. Extracted with Different Solvents

Abstract

$Smilax$ $excelsa$ L., an edible wild plant whose leaves and shoots are frequently consumed in the daily diet and used to treat various diseases in traditional medicine, grows in certain regions of Türkiye, especially in the Black Sea Region. This study aims to determine the phytochemical properties, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of $S.$ $excelsa$ with different solvents. In this study, the shoots of $S.$ $excelsa$ were extracted with water, 70% ethanol, and 80% methanol solvents and an ultrasound-assisted extraction method was used. It was found that the total phenolic contents of the extracts obtained from the plant were higher in the ethanol (75.09 mg/g) and methanol (74.72 mg/g) extracts compared to the water extract (49.62 mg/g). While the water extract had the highest amount of flavonoids (22.96 mg/g), the 80% methanol extract had the highest amount of total anthocyanins (0.52 mg/g). The efficacy of the extracts against various pathogens was also investigated. It was determined that in the Petri dish in which $Enterococcus$ $faecalis$ ATCC 29212 pathogen was cultivated, a clear zone was formed around the disc into which only the water extract was impregnated. The zone diameter was 2.10 ± 0.08 cm. As a result of the study, it can be said that especially the ethanol and methanol extracts were effective in terms of both the phytochemical properties and antioxidant activities and therefore they exhibited high antioxidant properties.

Keywords

• Smilax excelsa
• edible wild plants
• phenolic compound
• antioxidant activity

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