Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Kampüsünde Uygun Rüzgâr Hızı Dağılımı Kullanılarak Küçük Ölçekli Dikey Eksenli Rüzgâr Türbinlerinin Performans Analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi yerleşkesinde enerji üretimi amacıyla küçük ölçekli düşey eksenli rüzgâr türbinlerinin verimliliğini incelemektedir. Rüzgâr verilerinin analizi, Weibull ve Rayleigh dağılımları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş ve hata analizi yoluyla en uygun dağılım belirlenmiştir. Aynı üreticiye ait, sırasıyla 600 W, 1000 W ve 3000 W anma gücüne sahip üç farklı düşey eksenli rüzgâr türbini modeli, enerji üretim potansiyeli açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Hata analizi sonuçlarına göre, Weibull dağılımı rüzgâr verileri için en iyi uyumu sağlamıştır. Bu dağılıma dayanarak, yıllık ortalama rüzgâr hızı 3.17 m/s, ortalama güç yoğunluğu ise 45.25 W/m² olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçların analizi, değerlendirilen türbin modelleri arasında 1 kW’lık türbinin en uygun kapasite faktörüne sahip olduğunu ve bu durumun, mevcut rüzgâr koşullarında anma gücüne göre daha verimli bir performans sergilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Buna karşılık, 3 kW’lık türbin, daha düşük bir verimlilik oranına rağmen en yüksek yıllık toplam enerji üretimini sağlamış ve böylece mutlak enerji üretimini maksimize etme potansiyelini öne çıkarmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, küçük ölçekli düşey eksenli rüzgâr türbinlerinin benzer rüzgâr karakteristiklerine sahip bölgelerde çatı üstü kurulumlar için uygulanabilir olduğunu ve kurumsal ya da konut tipi kullanımlar için tamamlayıcı bir enerji kaynağı sunabileceğini göstermektedir. Çalışma, yerel enerji politikalarının şekillendirilmesine katkı sağlayabilecek bulgular sunmakta; özellikle merkezi olmayan yenilenebilir enerji sistemlerinin teşviki ve rüzgâr enerjisi çözümlerinin kentsel altyapıya entegrasyonu konularında yol gösterici niteliktedir.

Keywords

• Rüzgâr enerjisi
• Weibull dağılımı
• Rayleigh dağılımı
• Rüzgâr türbini
• Dikey eksen

Performance Analysis of Small-Scale Vertical Axis Wind Turbines Using Suitable Wind Speed Distribution at Bitlis Eren University Campus

Abstract

This research examines the efficiency of small-scale vertical axis wind turbines for energy generation on the Bitlis Eren University campus. Wind data analysis was conducted using Weibull and Rayleigh distributions, with the most suitable distribution identified through error analysis. Three vertical axis wind turbine models from the same manufacturer, with rated capacities of 600W, 1000W, and 3000W, were assessed for energy production potential. Error analysis results indicated that the Weibull distribution provided the best fit for the wind data. Based on this distribution, the annual mean wind speed was found to be 3.17 m/s, while the average power density reached 45.25 W/m². Analysis of the results indicated that, among the evaluated models, the 1 kW turbine exhibited the most favorable capacity factor, suggesting a more efficient performance relative to its rated capacity under the given wind conditions. In contrast, the 3 kW turbine yielded the highest total annual energy output, highlighting its potential for maximizing absolute energy generation despite having a lower efficiency ratio. These results suggest that small-scale VAWTs can be viable for rooftop installation in regions with similar wind characteristics, offering a supplementary energy source for institutional or residential use. The study provided insights that could inform local energy policy, particularly in promoting decentralized renewable energy systems and integrating wind energy solutions into urban infrastructure.

Keywords

• Wind energy
• Weibull distribution
• Rayleigh distribution
• Wind turbine
• Vertical axis

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