Re-Conceptualization of Political Trust in Relation to Justice

Year 2024, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 151 - 167, 19.04.2024

Hazal Altunkulp Çoban

https://doi.org/10.26650/siyasal.2024.33.1403011

Abstract

This study seeks to contribute to the conceptualization of political trust by uncovering its moral and affective dimensions, particularly its relationship with justice. In the current atmosphere of politics, political trust becomes a complex concept, especially in the face of injustices. Despite extensive discussions on trust and justice in the literature, the interplay between them within the political context remains underexplored. While analytic philosophy delves into a multifaceted exploration of trust, political science often limits its perspective to a performance evaluation grounded in rational calculations and interests. The deficiency in analytic philosophy lies in its failure to adequately address the socio-political dimension of trust, as it adopts a predominantly individualistic viewpoint that neglects politically significant aspects, including justice. The prevailing trend in political science tends to downplay the affective and moral facets of trust. This study endeavours to bridge this gap by re-evaluating our approach to political trust, emphasizing its importance and exploring its determinants, particularly in connection to justice. The argument posits that, in addition to and beyond rational evaluations in politics, a comprehensive understanding of political trust and its relationship to justice necessitates an examination of the affective and moral components, underlying perceptions of trust and justice in real political and social contexts.

Keywords

Trust, Political trust, Justice, Moral emotions

Adaletle İlişkili Olarak Siyasi Güvenin Yeniden Kavramsallaştırılması

Abstract

Bu çalışma, siyasal güvenin özellikle adaletle ilişkili olan ahlaki ve duygusal boyutlarını ortaya çıkararak siyasal güvenin kavramsallaştırılmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Mevcut siyasi atmosferin oluşturduğu adaletsizlikler karşısında siyasal güven karmaşık bir kavram haline gelmiştir. Literatürde güven ve adalet üzerine yapılan geniş tartışmalara rağmen, bunların siyasi bağlamdaki etkileşimi üzerinde henüz yeterli çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Analitik felsefe, güven konusu çok boyutlu olarak incelemekte, ancak siyaset bilimi genellikle perspektifini rasyonel hesaplamalara ve çıkarlara dayalı bir performans değerlendirmesine sınırlamaktadır. Analitik felsefenin eksikliği, özellikle adalet dahil olmak üzere politik açıdan önemli yönleri ihmal eden, bireyci bir bakış açısı benimsemesi nedeniyle siyasal güvenin sosyo-politik boyutuna yeterince odaklanmamasında yatar. Öte yandan, siyaset bilimindeki yaygın eğilim, güvenin duygusal ve ahlaki yönlerini göz ardı etmektedir. Bu çalışma, siyasal güvene yaklaşımımızı, önemini ve adalet açısından belirleyici faktörlerini yeniden değerlendirerek bu boşluğu doldurmayı amaçlamaktadır. Siyasette rasyonel değerlendirmelerin yanı sıra, güven ve adalet algılarının duygusal ve ahlaki bileşenleri üzerinden değerlendirilmesinin, siyasal güveni ve onun adaletle olan ilişkisini gerçek siyasi ve sosyal koşulları anlamak açısından önemli olduğu savunulmaktadır.

Keywords

Güven, Siyasal güven, Adalet, Ahlaki duygular

References

• 2022 Yolsuzluk Algı Endeksi Açıklandı! (2023, 30 Ocak). Retrieved from Uluslararası Şeffaflık Derneği: https:// seffaflik.org/2022-yolsuzluk-algi-endeksi-aciklandi/ google scholar
• Baier, A. (1986). Trust and Antitrust. Ethics(96), 231-260. google scholar
• Coleman, J. S. (1990). Foundations of Social Theory. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. google scholar
• Dasgupta, P. (1988). Trust as a Commodity. In D. Gambetta, Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations (pp. 49-72). Basil Blackwell. google scholar
• Erişen, C. (2018). Political Behavior and the Emotional Citizen: Participation and Reaction in Turkey. Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
• Fricker, M. (2007). Epistemic Injustice: Power and the Ethics of Knowing. Oxford University Press. google scholar
• Gambetta, D. (1988). Can We Trust Trust? In D. Gambetta, Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations (pp. 213-237). Basil Blackwell. google scholar
• Grimmelikhuijsen, S. (2012). Linking transparency, knowledge and citizen trust in government: an experiment. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 50-73. google scholar
• Hajdinjak, S. (2022). Populism as a political trust booster? Populist support and degrees of political power in Central Europe. East European Politics, 400-426. google scholar
• Hakhverdian, A., & Mayne, Q. (2012). Institutional trust, education, and corruption: A micro- macro interactive approach. The Journal of 'Politics, 74(3), 739-750. google scholar
• Hardin, R. (1999). Do we want to trust in government? In M. E. Warren, Democracy and Trust (pp. 22-41). Cambridge University Press. google scholar
• Hardin, R. (2001). Conceptions and Explanations of Trust. In K. S. Cook, Trust in Society (pp. 3-39). Russell Sage Foundation. google scholar
• Hardin, R. (2002). Trust and Trustworthiness. Russell Sage Foundation. google scholar
• Hetherington, M. J., & Rudolph, T. J. (2018). Political Trust and Polarization. In E. M. Uslaner, The Oxford Handbook of Social and Political Trust (pp. 579-597). Oxford University Press. google scholar
• Jamal, A. (2007). When is Social Trust a Desirable Outcome? Examining Levels of Trust in the Arab World. Comparative Political Studies, 40(11), 1328-1349. google scholar
• Jasper, J. M. (2008). Motivation and Emotion. In R. E. Goodin, & C. Tilly, The Oxford Handbook of Contextual Political Analysis (pp. 157-171). Oxford University Press. google scholar
• Jones, K. (1996, October). Trust as an Affective Attitude. Ethics(107), 4-25. google scholar
• Jones, K. (1999). Second-Hand Moral Knowledge. The Journal ofPhilosophy, 96(2), 55-78. google scholar
• Jones, K. (2019). Trust, Distrust, and Affective Looping. Springer, 176, 955-968. google scholar
• Koçan, G., & Öncü, A. (2014). Anger in Search of Justice: Reflections on the Gezi Revolt in Turkey. Sociology of Islam, 178-195. google scholar
• Lahno, B. (2001). On the emotional character of trust. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 4, 171-189. google scholar
• Luhmann, N. (1988). Familiarity, Confidence, Trust: Problems and Alternatives. In D. Gambetta, Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations (pp. 95-107). Basil Blackwell. google scholar
• Mansbridge, J. (1999). Altruistic Trust. In M. E. Warren, Democracy and Trust (pp. 290-309). Cambridge University Press. google scholar
• Medina, J. (2017). Varieties of hermeneutical injustice. In I. J. Kidd, J. Medina, & G. Pohlhaus Jr., The Routledge of Epistemic Injustice (pp. 41-52). Routledge. google scholar
• Nussbaum, M. C. (2018). The Monarchy of Fear. Oxford University Press. google scholar
• OECD. (2022). Building Trust to Reinforce Democracy: Main Findings from the 2021 OECD Survey on Drivers of Trust in Public Institutions, Building Trust in Public Institutions. OECD Publishing. google scholar
• O’Neill, O. (1996). Towards Justice and Virtue: A Constructive Account of Practical Reasoning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
• Potter, N. N. (2002). How Can I Be Trusted? : A Virtue Theory of Trustworthiness. Lanham & Boulder: Rowman & Littlefield . google scholar
• Rawls, J. (2001). Justice as Fairness: A Restatement. Harward University Press. google scholar
• Scholz, S. J. (2008). Political Solidarity . The Pennsylvania State University. google scholar
• Steinhardt, H. C. (2011). How is High Trust in China Possible? Comparing the Origins of Generalized Trust in Three Chinese Societies. Political Studies Association, 1-21. google scholar
• Tronto, J. (1994). Moral Boundaries: A Political Argument for an Ethic of Care. New York: Routledge. google scholar
• Uslaner, E. M. (2002). The Moral Foundations of Trust. Cambridge University Press. google scholar
• Uslaner, E. M. (2018). The Study of Trust. In E. M. Uslaner, & E. M. Uslaner (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Social and Political Trust (pp. 3-14). Oxford University Press. google scholar
• van der Meer, T. W. (2017). Political Trust and the “Crisis of Democracy”. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ acrefore/9780190228637.013.77 google scholar