Research Article
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Travel Route Identification: A Comparative Application Of Chatgpt, Travel Agent And Tourist

Year 2025, Volume: 22 Issue: 2, 465 - 487
https://doi.org/10.24010/soid.1669360

Abstract

This study aims to provide ideal three-day travel itineraries for visitors traveling from Turkey to Europe, comparing itineraries suggested by travelers, travel agency experts, and ChatGPT. The study stands out with its approach focused on creating personalized travel routes for tourists within specific constraints of "region," "budget," and "time." A qualitative research method was employed, with data collected through interviews and content analysis conducted using MAXQDA software. The findings indicate that ChatGPT provides more extensive and detailed travel data, but the integration of traveler experiences with artificial intelligence could yield more effective results. The study emphasizes the potential of artificial intelligence to enhance customer experience in travel agencies and create new opportunities within the industry.

References

  • Abdel Rady, H. A. W. (2023), “Assessing the impact of using chatbot technology on the passenger experience at EgyptAir”, Minia Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 16(2),
  • Aghion, P., Antonin, C. ve Bunel, S. (2019), “Artificial İntelligence, Growth and Employment: The Role of Policy”, Economics and Statistics, ss. 510-512,
  • Agostinho, D. (2016), ”Chat Bots: How Could They İmpact The Travel İndustry? Amadeus IT Group,http://www.amadeus.com/blog/22/04/chat-bots-impact-travelindustry/ Erişim:3.09.2024
  • Başkale, H. (2016), “Nitel Araştırmalarda Geçerlik, Güvenirlik Ve Örneklem Büyüklüğünün Belirlenmesi”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 9(1), ss. 23-28.
  • Battour, M., Mady, K., Salaheldeen, M., Ratnasari, R. T., Sallem, R. ve Sinawi, S. (2024), “Halal Tourism and Chatgpt: An Overview of Current Trends and Future Research Directions”, Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(12), ss. 3464-3483.
  • Brandtzaeg, P.B. ve Folstad, A. (2017), “Why People Use Chatbots. 2017 International Conference on Internet Science”, Thessaloniki, 22-24 November 2017, ss 377-392. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70284-1_30
  • Buck, M. (1988), “The Role of Travel Agent and Tour Operator”, İçinde Goodall, B., Ashworth, G. (Editörler), Marketing in the Tourism Industry, The Promotion of Destination Gerions, 67–74, Croom Helm, London, New York ve Sydney.
  • Carvalho, I., & Ivanov, S. (2023). “ChatGPT for Tourism: Applications, Benefits and Risks”, Tourism Review. Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-02-2023-0088
  • Davenport, T. H. ve Ronanki, R. (2018), “Artificial İntelligence for The Real World: Don’t Start With Moon Shots”, Harvard Business Review, 96, ss 108–116.
  • Dubrova, D. (2020), “Chatbot for Travel İndustry: Benefits, Use Cases, and A Development Guide, https://theappsolutions.com/ blog/how-to/chatbot-for-travel-business
  • Dwivedi, Y.K., Kshetri, N., Hughes, L., Slade, E.L., Jeyaraj, A., Kar, A.K. ve Ahuja, M. (2023), “So What If Chatgpt Wrote İt?” Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Opportunities, Challenges and İmplications of Generative Conversational AI For Research, Practice And Policy”, International Journal of Information Management, 71, 102642, ISSN 0268-4012
  • Erul, E. ve Işın, A. (2023), “ChatGPT ile Sohbetler: Turizmde ChatGPT’nin Önemi (Chats with ChatGPT: Importance of ChatGPT in Tourism)”, Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 11(1), ss. 780-793.
  • Expidiaa newsroom, (2025). New trip matching tool uses AI to convert social media inspiration into real-world travel plans. https://www.expedia.com/ Erişim Tarihi :05.07.2025
  • FlowXO (2020), “What industry are using chatbots today?”, https://flowxo.com/what-industries-are-using-chatbots-today/
  • Gupta, R. (2019), “Chatbots Providing Their Worth İn Travel E-Commerce”, https://www.chinatravelnews.com/article/131644. Accessed:18.10.2024.
  • Hacıoğlu, N. (2000), “Seyahat Acenteliği ve Tur Operatörlüğü”, 5. Baskı, Bursa: Vipaş A.Ş.
  • Hui, J. (2023), “How Much Do I Like Chatgpt?”, https://jonathan-hui.medium.com/how-much-do-i-like-chat¬gpt-3d8a3216e137. Accessed: 6 March 2024
  • Ivanov, S. ve Webster, C. (2019),”Perceived Appropriateness and İntention to Use Service Robots in Tourism”, Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2019 Springer, Cham. ss. 237-248. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05940-8_19.
  • Kozak, N., Kozak, M. A. ve Kozak, M. (2001). Genel Turizm İlkeler ve Kavramlar.Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Kumar, K. ve Thakur, G. S. M. (2012), “Advanced Applications of Neural Networks and Artificial Intelligence: A Review”, International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science 4, ss. 57–68.
  • Li, J., Zhang, H., & Wang, Y. (2023), “Artificial intelligence in travel and tourism: A systematic review”, Tourism Management Perspectives, 45, 101041
  • Li, L., Lee, K. Y., Emokpae, E. ve Yang, S. B. (2021),” What makes You Continuously Use Chatbot Services? Evidence from Chinese online travel agencies.”, Electronic Markets, 31(3), ss. 575-599.
  • Lo, H. N. ve Lee, C. B. (2020),”What are The Sentiments about The Autonomous Delivery Robots?”, In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) (ss. 50-53). IEEE.
  • Melian-Gonz Alez, S., Gutierrez-Taño, D. ve Bulchand-Gidumal, J. (2021), “Predicting The İntentions to Use Chatbots for Travel and Tourism”, Current Issues in Tourism, 24 (2), ss. 192-210 DOI: 10.1080/13683500.2019.1706457
  • Mende, M., Scott, M. L., Van Doorn, J., Grewal, D. ve Shanks, I. (2019), “Service Robots Rising: How Humanoid Robots İnfluence Service Experiences And Elicit Compensatory Consumer Responses.”, Journal of Marketing Research, 56(4), ss. 535-556. DOI: 10.1177/0022243718822827
  • Mısırlı, İ. (2024), “Seyahat İşletmeciliği ve Turizm Rehberliği”, Ankara: Detay yayıncılık
  • Mohith, S., HemaMalini, B. H., Karthik, K., Reddy, N. P. N., ve Sanath, R. (2025), “A review paper on AI-driven travel planning”, Journal of Travel Technology Studies, 12(1), ss. 34–45.
  • Morosan, C., ve DeFranco, A. (2019), “Using İnteractive Technologies to İnfluence Guests’ Unplanned Dollar Spending İn Hotels”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 82, ss. 242-251.
  • No, E. ve Kim, J. K. (2015),”Comparing The Attributes of Online Tourism İnformation Sources.”, Computers in Human Behavior, 50, ss. 564–575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.02.063
  • OECD, (2024). OECD programme on AI in Work, Innovation, Productivity and Skills https://oecd.ai/en/work-innovation-productivity-skills Erişim Tarihi : 05.07.2025
  • Pencarelli, T. (2020),”The Digital Revolution in The Travel and Tourism İndustry”, Information Technology & Tourism, 22(3), ss.455-476.
  • Pereira, T., Limberger, P. F., Minasi, S. M. ve Buhalis, D. (2022), “New Insights İnto Consumers’ İntention to Continue Using Chatbots in The Tourism Context”, Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 25(4), ss.754-784
  • Pillai, R., ve Sivathanu, B. (2020), “Adoption of AI-based Chatbots for Hospitality and Tourism”, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(10), ss. 3199-3226
  • Sheehan, K. (2018),”Opinion: We Must Use AL To Excel in The Next Frontier of Pr”, https://www.gorkana.com/2018/05/kerry-sheehan-opinionuse-ai-to-excel-in-the-next-frontier-of-pr/ , Erişim Tarihi: 24.12.2020.
  • ShivaKumar, C., Khaparde, S., Sharma, Y., Singh, A., Hithaisiri, H., & Sasalatti, T. S. (2025), “Comprehensive survey paper: The evolution of digital travel planning”, International Journal on Science and Technology (IJSAT), 16(2), ss.1-22.
  • Solakis, K., Katsoni, V., Mahmoud, A.B. ve Grigoriou, N. (2022), “Factors Affecting Value Co-Creation Through Artificial İntelligence in Tourism: A General Literature Review”, Journal of Tourism Futures, 10 (1), ss. 116-130. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-06-2021-0157
  • Statista. (2024). Digital & trends: Artificial intelligence (AI) use in travel and tourism 2024. Statista. Available online: https:// www.statista.com/study/165390/artificial-intelligence-ai-use-in-travel-and-tourism/ (accessed on 13 june 2025)
  • Tussyadiah, I. (2020), “A Review of Research İnto Automation İn Tourism:Llaunching The Annals of Tourism Research Curated Collection On Artificial İntelligence and Robotics in Tourism”, Annals of Tourism Research, 81, ss.102883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.
  • Vinod, B. (2021). Artificial intelligence in travel. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 20, 368. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-021-00319-w
  • Wang, F., Miao, Q., Li, X., Wang, X. ve Lin, Y. (2023), “ What does ChatGPT Say: The DAO from Algorithmic İntelligence to Linguistic İntelligence.”, IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 10(3), ss.575–579. https://doi.org/10.1109/jas.2023.123486
  • Wong, I. A., Lian, Q. L., ve Sun, D. (2023), “Autonomous Travel decision-making: an early glimpse into chatgpt and generative al”, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 56, ss. 253-263.
  • Wüst, K. ve Bremser, K. (2025), “Artificial ıntelligence in tourism through chatbot support in the booking process—an experimental ınvestigation”, Tourism and Hospitality, 6(1), 36.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek H. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (9. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
  • Zengin, B. ve Kazdal, E. (2020),”Konaklama Sektöründe Dijitalleşme Üzerine Kavramsal Bir İnceleme”, C. Bilgi, M. C. Şapcılar, S. Uslu ve Z. Yetiş (Ed.) Turizme Akademik Yaklaşımlar (1-13). Konya: Konya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları.

Seyahat Rotası Belirleme: Chatgpt, Seyahat Acentesi ve Turist Karşılaştırmalı Bir Uygulama

Year 2025, Volume: 22 Issue: 2, 465 - 487
https://doi.org/10.24010/soid.1669360

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’den Avrupa’ya seyahat etmek isteyen ziyaretçilere ideal üç günlük tatil rotaları sunmak amacıyla gezginler, seyahat acentesi uzmanları ve ChatGPT tarafından önerilen rotaları karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz etmektedir. Çalışma, belirli bir "bölge," "bütçe" ve "zaman" sınırlamaları dahilinde, turistlere kişisel seyahat rotaları oluşturma odaklı yaklaşımıyla öne çıkmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış, veriler mülakatlar yoluyla toplanmış ve MAXQDA yazılımıyla içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular, ChatGPT’nin daha fazla ve detaylı seyahat verisi sunduğunu, ancak gezgin deneyimlerinin yapay zeka ile birleştirilmesi halinde daha etkili sonuçlar alınabileceğini göstermektedir. Yapay zekanın, seyahat acentelerinin müşteri deneyimini iyileştirme ve sektörde yeni fırsatlar yaratma potansiyeline sahip olduğu vurgulanmaktadır.

Ethical Statement

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Etik Kurulu’nun 18.12.2024 tarihli ve 2024/462 sayılı kararı

References

  • Abdel Rady, H. A. W. (2023), “Assessing the impact of using chatbot technology on the passenger experience at EgyptAir”, Minia Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 16(2),
  • Aghion, P., Antonin, C. ve Bunel, S. (2019), “Artificial İntelligence, Growth and Employment: The Role of Policy”, Economics and Statistics, ss. 510-512,
  • Agostinho, D. (2016), ”Chat Bots: How Could They İmpact The Travel İndustry? Amadeus IT Group,http://www.amadeus.com/blog/22/04/chat-bots-impact-travelindustry/ Erişim:3.09.2024
  • Başkale, H. (2016), “Nitel Araştırmalarda Geçerlik, Güvenirlik Ve Örneklem Büyüklüğünün Belirlenmesi”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 9(1), ss. 23-28.
  • Battour, M., Mady, K., Salaheldeen, M., Ratnasari, R. T., Sallem, R. ve Sinawi, S. (2024), “Halal Tourism and Chatgpt: An Overview of Current Trends and Future Research Directions”, Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(12), ss. 3464-3483.
  • Brandtzaeg, P.B. ve Folstad, A. (2017), “Why People Use Chatbots. 2017 International Conference on Internet Science”, Thessaloniki, 22-24 November 2017, ss 377-392. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70284-1_30
  • Buck, M. (1988), “The Role of Travel Agent and Tour Operator”, İçinde Goodall, B., Ashworth, G. (Editörler), Marketing in the Tourism Industry, The Promotion of Destination Gerions, 67–74, Croom Helm, London, New York ve Sydney.
  • Carvalho, I., & Ivanov, S. (2023). “ChatGPT for Tourism: Applications, Benefits and Risks”, Tourism Review. Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-02-2023-0088
  • Davenport, T. H. ve Ronanki, R. (2018), “Artificial İntelligence for The Real World: Don’t Start With Moon Shots”, Harvard Business Review, 96, ss 108–116.
  • Dubrova, D. (2020), “Chatbot for Travel İndustry: Benefits, Use Cases, and A Development Guide, https://theappsolutions.com/ blog/how-to/chatbot-for-travel-business
  • Dwivedi, Y.K., Kshetri, N., Hughes, L., Slade, E.L., Jeyaraj, A., Kar, A.K. ve Ahuja, M. (2023), “So What If Chatgpt Wrote İt?” Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Opportunities, Challenges and İmplications of Generative Conversational AI For Research, Practice And Policy”, International Journal of Information Management, 71, 102642, ISSN 0268-4012
  • Erul, E. ve Işın, A. (2023), “ChatGPT ile Sohbetler: Turizmde ChatGPT’nin Önemi (Chats with ChatGPT: Importance of ChatGPT in Tourism)”, Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 11(1), ss. 780-793.
  • Expidiaa newsroom, (2025). New trip matching tool uses AI to convert social media inspiration into real-world travel plans. https://www.expedia.com/ Erişim Tarihi :05.07.2025
  • FlowXO (2020), “What industry are using chatbots today?”, https://flowxo.com/what-industries-are-using-chatbots-today/
  • Gupta, R. (2019), “Chatbots Providing Their Worth İn Travel E-Commerce”, https://www.chinatravelnews.com/article/131644. Accessed:18.10.2024.
  • Hacıoğlu, N. (2000), “Seyahat Acenteliği ve Tur Operatörlüğü”, 5. Baskı, Bursa: Vipaş A.Ş.
  • Hui, J. (2023), “How Much Do I Like Chatgpt?”, https://jonathan-hui.medium.com/how-much-do-i-like-chat¬gpt-3d8a3216e137. Accessed: 6 March 2024
  • Ivanov, S. ve Webster, C. (2019),”Perceived Appropriateness and İntention to Use Service Robots in Tourism”, Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2019 Springer, Cham. ss. 237-248. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05940-8_19.
  • Kozak, N., Kozak, M. A. ve Kozak, M. (2001). Genel Turizm İlkeler ve Kavramlar.Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Kumar, K. ve Thakur, G. S. M. (2012), “Advanced Applications of Neural Networks and Artificial Intelligence: A Review”, International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science 4, ss. 57–68.
  • Li, J., Zhang, H., & Wang, Y. (2023), “Artificial intelligence in travel and tourism: A systematic review”, Tourism Management Perspectives, 45, 101041
  • Li, L., Lee, K. Y., Emokpae, E. ve Yang, S. B. (2021),” What makes You Continuously Use Chatbot Services? Evidence from Chinese online travel agencies.”, Electronic Markets, 31(3), ss. 575-599.
  • Lo, H. N. ve Lee, C. B. (2020),”What are The Sentiments about The Autonomous Delivery Robots?”, In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) (ss. 50-53). IEEE.
  • Melian-Gonz Alez, S., Gutierrez-Taño, D. ve Bulchand-Gidumal, J. (2021), “Predicting The İntentions to Use Chatbots for Travel and Tourism”, Current Issues in Tourism, 24 (2), ss. 192-210 DOI: 10.1080/13683500.2019.1706457
  • Mende, M., Scott, M. L., Van Doorn, J., Grewal, D. ve Shanks, I. (2019), “Service Robots Rising: How Humanoid Robots İnfluence Service Experiences And Elicit Compensatory Consumer Responses.”, Journal of Marketing Research, 56(4), ss. 535-556. DOI: 10.1177/0022243718822827
  • Mısırlı, İ. (2024), “Seyahat İşletmeciliği ve Turizm Rehberliği”, Ankara: Detay yayıncılık
  • Mohith, S., HemaMalini, B. H., Karthik, K., Reddy, N. P. N., ve Sanath, R. (2025), “A review paper on AI-driven travel planning”, Journal of Travel Technology Studies, 12(1), ss. 34–45.
  • Morosan, C., ve DeFranco, A. (2019), “Using İnteractive Technologies to İnfluence Guests’ Unplanned Dollar Spending İn Hotels”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 82, ss. 242-251.
  • No, E. ve Kim, J. K. (2015),”Comparing The Attributes of Online Tourism İnformation Sources.”, Computers in Human Behavior, 50, ss. 564–575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.02.063
  • OECD, (2024). OECD programme on AI in Work, Innovation, Productivity and Skills https://oecd.ai/en/work-innovation-productivity-skills Erişim Tarihi : 05.07.2025
  • Pencarelli, T. (2020),”The Digital Revolution in The Travel and Tourism İndustry”, Information Technology & Tourism, 22(3), ss.455-476.
  • Pereira, T., Limberger, P. F., Minasi, S. M. ve Buhalis, D. (2022), “New Insights İnto Consumers’ İntention to Continue Using Chatbots in The Tourism Context”, Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 25(4), ss.754-784
  • Pillai, R., ve Sivathanu, B. (2020), “Adoption of AI-based Chatbots for Hospitality and Tourism”, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(10), ss. 3199-3226
  • Sheehan, K. (2018),”Opinion: We Must Use AL To Excel in The Next Frontier of Pr”, https://www.gorkana.com/2018/05/kerry-sheehan-opinionuse-ai-to-excel-in-the-next-frontier-of-pr/ , Erişim Tarihi: 24.12.2020.
  • ShivaKumar, C., Khaparde, S., Sharma, Y., Singh, A., Hithaisiri, H., & Sasalatti, T. S. (2025), “Comprehensive survey paper: The evolution of digital travel planning”, International Journal on Science and Technology (IJSAT), 16(2), ss.1-22.
  • Solakis, K., Katsoni, V., Mahmoud, A.B. ve Grigoriou, N. (2022), “Factors Affecting Value Co-Creation Through Artificial İntelligence in Tourism: A General Literature Review”, Journal of Tourism Futures, 10 (1), ss. 116-130. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-06-2021-0157
  • Statista. (2024). Digital & trends: Artificial intelligence (AI) use in travel and tourism 2024. Statista. Available online: https:// www.statista.com/study/165390/artificial-intelligence-ai-use-in-travel-and-tourism/ (accessed on 13 june 2025)
  • Tussyadiah, I. (2020), “A Review of Research İnto Automation İn Tourism:Llaunching The Annals of Tourism Research Curated Collection On Artificial İntelligence and Robotics in Tourism”, Annals of Tourism Research, 81, ss.102883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.
  • Vinod, B. (2021). Artificial intelligence in travel. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 20, 368. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-021-00319-w
  • Wang, F., Miao, Q., Li, X., Wang, X. ve Lin, Y. (2023), “ What does ChatGPT Say: The DAO from Algorithmic İntelligence to Linguistic İntelligence.”, IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 10(3), ss.575–579. https://doi.org/10.1109/jas.2023.123486
  • Wong, I. A., Lian, Q. L., ve Sun, D. (2023), “Autonomous Travel decision-making: an early glimpse into chatgpt and generative al”, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 56, ss. 253-263.
  • Wüst, K. ve Bremser, K. (2025), “Artificial ıntelligence in tourism through chatbot support in the booking process—an experimental ınvestigation”, Tourism and Hospitality, 6(1), 36.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek H. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (9. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
  • Zengin, B. ve Kazdal, E. (2020),”Konaklama Sektöründe Dijitalleşme Üzerine Kavramsal Bir İnceleme”, C. Bilgi, M. C. Şapcılar, S. Uslu ve Z. Yetiş (Ed.) Turizme Akademik Yaklaşımlar (1-13). Konya: Konya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Recreation, Leisure and Tourism Geography
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Banu Zencir 0000-0001-7511-4932

Mehmet Akif Ağtaş 0000-0003-2294-5358

Early Pub Date August 15, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date April 2, 2025
Acceptance Date June 16, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 22 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Zencir, B., & Ağtaş, M. A. (2025). Seyahat Rotası Belirleme: Chatgpt, Seyahat Acentesi ve Turist Karşılaştırmalı Bir Uygulama. Seyahat Ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi, 22(2), 465-487. https://doi.org/10.24010/soid.1669360

Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği (Journal of Travel Business) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).

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