Do ATMs Affect Bank Profitability? The Case of Turkish Participation and Deposit Banks

Year 2025, Volume: 33 Issue: 65, 407 - 424, 17.07.2025

Sevcan Kapkara Kaya

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2025.03.19

Abstract

This study examines whether ATM banking influences bank profitability ratios. The relationship between the number of ATMs and return on assets is analysed for participation and deposit banks using data from 2005Q4 to 2023Q2. The ARDL cointegration method is applied. The findings indicate a cointegration relationship between ATMs and profitability in both types of banks. The results suggest that ATMs have a negative impact on profitability in both the short and long term. The error correction model shows that a short-run deviation returns to long-run equilibrium at approximately 70% for participation banks and 66% for deposit banks within one period. Since similar studies are limited in Türkiye, this research makes an important contribution to the national literature.

Keywords

Profitability , Digitalisation , ATM Banking , Participation Banks and Deposit Banks

ATM’ler Banka Kârlılığını Etkiliyor mu? Türk Katılım ve Mevduat Bankaları Örneği

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı, Türk katılım ve mevduat bankaları örneğinde ATM bankacılığının banka kârlılığı üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda, 2005Q4-2023Q2 dönemi verileri ARDL eşbütünleşme yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, katılım ve mevduat bankalarında ATM sayısı ile kârlılık arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığına işaret etmektedir. Katsayı tahmin sonuçları, ATM’nin kârlılık üzerindeki kısa ve uzun dönem etkisinin negatif olduğu yönündedir. Hata düzeltme modelin sonuçlarına göre ise kısa dönemde meydana gelen bir birimlik sapmanın bir dönem sonra yaklaşık olarak katılım bankalarında %70, mevduat bankalarında %66 oranında uzun dönem dengesine yakınsaması beklenmektedir. Türkiye’de benzer çalışmaların sınırlı olması nedeniyle bu araştırma ulusal literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

Kârlılık , Dijitalleşme , ATM Bankacılığı , Katılım Bankaları , Mevduat Bankaları

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