The Framework of Behavioural Economics: A Theoretical, Epistemological and Methodological Overview

Year 2021, Volume: 29 Issue: 49, 323 - 343, 30.07.2021

Recep Yücedoğru , Serenay Diraz

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2021.03.17

Abstract

Political economics commented on and drew inferences about certain psychological phenomena even before the marginalist revolution. As a result of the progress in natural sciences, economics started to test its theories by placing logical positivism and mathematics at the forefront. In doing so, they defined individuals as rational and pragmatist utopic agents. With the emergence of the cognitive revolution, advances in psychology made it possible to study the decision-making processes of individuals, which to a great extent led to the development of behavioural economics. In this study, the two phases of behavioural economics are discussed in retrospect, and then its epistemological and methodological backgrounds are investigated. Finally, relatively young Turkish literature on behavioural economics is systematically examined. This paper aims to provide a neat overview of behavioural economics in which researchers and interested parties might benefit in Turkey.

Keywords

Cognitive Biases, Heuristics, Behavioural Economics

Davranışsal İktisadın Çerçevesi: Teorik, Epistemolojik ve Metodolojik Bir Bakış

Abstract

Marjinal devrimden önce, politik iktisat olarak anılan iktisat bilimi, psikolojik olgular hakkında yorumlarda bulunmuştur. Doğa bilimlerinde yaşanan gelişmeler çerçevesinde, iktisat mantıksal pozitivizmi ve matematiği başat hale getirerek teorilerini test etmeye çalışmış, bireyleri rasyonel ve faydacı ütopik aktörler olarak tanımlamıştır. Bilişsel devrimle birlikte, psikoloji bireyin karar alma sürecini araştırmayı mümkün kılmış ve bu gelişme, davranışsal iktisadın doğuşunu beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada davranışsal iktisadın iki aşaması tarihsel olarak tartışılmakta, ardından epistemolojik ve metodolojik arka planı irdelenmektedir. Nihayetinde, Türkiye’de yürütülen davranışsal iktisat araştırmaları değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışma, Türkiye’deki araştırmacılara ve kurumlara ve davranışsal iktisadın gelişimine katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

Bilişsel Önyargılar, Zihinsel Kısa Yollar, Davranışsal İktisat

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