Türkiye’de Gelir, Meslek ve Eğitimin Hanehalkı Sigara Tüketimi Üzerindeki Etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 30 Issue: 53, 261 - 276, 29.07.2022

Candan Yılmaz Uğur Tolga Saruç

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2022.03.14

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 2017 Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) Hanehalkı Bütçe Anketi (HBA) verileri kullanılarak hanehalkının sigara tüketimini etkileyen değişkenlerin etkisinin lojistik regresyon analizi ile belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu nedenle, sigara tüketimine etki ettiği düşünülen değişkenler olarak; hanehalkı reisinin cinsiyeti, yaşı, eğitim düzeyi, medeni durumu, mesleği ile hanenin bir yıl içinde elde ettiği toplam kullanılabilir gelir kullanılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuca göre, Türkiye’de hanehalkına ait meslek, gelir ve eğitim değişkenlerinin hanedeki sigara tüketimini etkilediği görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, gençlere, düşük eğitimli ve gelir gruplarına odaklanılmasının sigara ile mücadelede uygulanan politikaların başarısını artıracağı beklenmektedir.

Keywords

Sigara Tüketimi, Lojistik Regresyon Modeli, Türkiye

The Effects of Income, Occupation and Education on Household Cigarette Consumption in Turkey

Abstract

This study aims to determine the variables affecting the cigarette consumption of households by employing logistic regression analysis based on the data of the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) 2017 Household Budget Survey (HBA). In this model, the variables that affect cigarette consumption, namely, gender, age, education level, marital status, occupation, and the total disposable income earned by the household head in a year, are used. The results of this study indicate that variables of income, occupation and education of the household head affect cigarette consumption in Turkey. In this context, it is expected that focusing on young people, low educated and income groups in the fight against smoking will increase the success of the policies implemented.

Keywords

Cigarette Consumption, Logistic Regression Model, Türkiye

References

• Aksoy, A. et al. (2019), “Determinants of Household Alcohol and Tobacco Expenditures in Turkey”, Journal of Family and Economic Issues, (40), 609-622.
• Alkan, Ö. & C. Abar (2020), “Determination of Factors Influencing Tobacco Consumption in Turkey Using Categorical Data Analyses”, Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 75(1), 27-35.
• Bilgiç, A. & T. Yen (2015), “Household Alcohol And Tobacco Expenditures in Turkey: A Sample‐Selection System Approach”, Contemporary Economic Policy, 33(3), 571-585.
• Bilgiç, A. et al. (2010), “Demand For Cigarettes in Turkey: An Application of Count Data Models”, Empirical Economics, 39(3), 733-765.
• Bosdriesz, R.J. et al. (2014), “Socioeconomic Inequalities in Smoking in Low And Mid Income Countries: Positive Gradients Among Women?”, International Journal for Equity in Health, (14), 1-9.
• Cavelaars, E.A. et al. (2000), “Educational Differences in Smoking: International Comparison”, British Medical Journal, 320(7242), 1102-1107.
• Chisha, Z. et al. (2019), “Decomposition of Socioeconomic Inequalities in Cigarette Smoking: The Case of Namibia”, International Journal for Equity in Health, 18(6), 1-9.
• Delva, J. et al. (2005), “Cigarette Smoking Among Low-Income African Americans: A Serious Public Health Problem”, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 29(3), 218-220.
• Doku, D. et al. (2010) “Socioeconomic Differences in Smoking Among Finnish Adolescents From 1977 to 2007”, Adolesc Health, 47(5), 479-487.
• Ergin, M. & E. İpek (2020), “Türkiye’de Hanehalkı Sigara Tüketiminin Belirleyicileri”, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(2), 478-494.
• Fujishiro, K. et al. (2012), “Occupational Gradients in Smoking Behavior and Exposure to Workplace Environmental Tobacco Smoke: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)”, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 54(2), 136-145.
• Govindasamy, R. & J. Italia (1999), Evaluating Consumer Usage of Nutritional Labeling: The Influence of Socio-Economic Characteristics, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, P-02137-1-99, New Jersey, USA.
• Göksel, T. vd. (2001), “İzmir İli Lise Öğrencilerinin Sigara Alışkanlığını Etkileyen Faktörler”, Toraks Dergisi, 2(3), 49-53.
• Greene, W.H. (2012), Econometric Analysis, 7th Edition, Pearson Education, USA.
• Gujarati, D.N. (2004), Basic Econometrics, 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill Companies.
• Hersch, J. (2000), “Gender, Income Levels, and the Demand for Cigarettes”, Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 21, 263-282.
• Hosseinpoor, R.A. et al. (2011), “Social Determinants of Smoking in Low - and Middle-Income Countries: Results from the World Health Survey”, PLoS One, 6(5), e20331.
• Huisman, M. et al. (2005), “Educational Inequalities in Smoking Among Men And Women Aged 16 Years And Older in 11 European Countries”, Tobacco Control, 14, 106-113.
• Karagöz, Y. (2019), Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Yayın Etiği, Nobel Yayınevi, Güncellenmiş ve Geliştirilmiş 2. Basım, Ankara.
• Kastaun, S. et al. (2020), “Association Between Income and Education With Quit Attempts, Use of Cessation Aids, and Short-Term Success in Tobacco Smokers: A Social Gradient Analysis From A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Household Survey in Germany (DEBRA Study)”, Addictive Behaviours, 111, 1-8.
• Leinsalu, M. et al. (2011), “Is Income or Employment A Stronger Predictor of Smoking Than Education in Economically Less Developed Countries? A Cross-Sectional Study in Hungary”, BMC Public Health”, 97, 1-10.
• Lemstra, M. et al. (2009), “Daily Smoking in Saskatoon: The Independent Effect of Income and Cultural Status”, Canadian Public Health Association, 100(1), 51-54.
• Link, G.B. & J. Phelan (2009), “ The Social Shaping of Health And Smoking”, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 104, 6-10.
• Lund, M. (2015), “Social Inequality in Cigarette Consumption, Cigarette Dependence, and Intention to Quit among Norwegian Smokers”, BioMed Research International, Special Issue, 1-7.
• Nelson, D. et al. (1995), “Cigarette Smoking Prevalence by Occupation in the United States: A Comparison between 1978 to 1980 and 1987 to 1990”, Journal of Occupational Medicine, 36(5), 516-525.
• Palipudi, M.K. et al. (2012), “Social Determinants of Health and Tobacco Use in Thirteen Low and Middle-Income Countries: Evidence from Global Adult Tobacco Survey”, Plos One, 7(3), e33466.
• Pampel, C.F. et al. (2011), “Cross-National Sources of Health Inequality: Education And Tobacco Use in The World Health Survey”, Demography, 48(2), 653-674.
• Sahan, C. et al. (2018), “Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Tobacco Smoking in Turkey: A Cross-Sectional, Population-based Study,” Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 24(8), 705-713.
• Schaap, M.M. et al. (2009), “Female Ever-Smoking, Education, Emancipation and Economic Development in 19 European Countries”, Social Science & Medicine, 68, 1271-1278.
• Villanti, C.A. et al. (2017), “Beyond Education and Income: Identifying Novel Socioeconomic Correlates of Cigarette Use in U.S. Young Adults”, Preventive Medicine, 104, 63-70.
• Wang, Q. et al. (2016), “Unemployment Rate, Smoking in China: Are They Related?”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(1), 113.
• Wang, Q. et al. (2018), “Income, Occupation And Education: Are They Related To Smoking Behaviors in China?”, Plos One, 13(2), e0192571.
• World Health Organisation (2017), WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epıdemıc Monitoring Tobacco Use And Prevention Policies, <https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/255874/9789241512824-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y>, 30.10.2020.
• World Health Organisation (2019), WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic Offer Help To Quit Tobacco Use, <https://www.who.int/teams/health-promotion/tobacco-control/who-report-on-the-global-tobacco-epidemic-2019>, 04.11.2020.