Lenin’e Göre Ulusal Sorun ve Türkistan

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 17, 137 - 161, 26.12.2024

Alaeddin Yalçınkaya , Ümit Yaşar Sönmez

https://doi.org/10.25069/spmj.1448638

Abstract

Marksizm’in Avrupa şartlarında bir anlamda dışlamış olduğu ulusal sorun, çok uluslu Rusya’da Lenin’in hedeflediği sosyalist devrime giden yolda çözülmesi gereken öncelikli olanlardan biriydi. Bu sorunun çözümü, devrimin nihai hedefi olan sosyalist enternasyonalizm idealinin Rusya ölçeğinde bir sınanması olacağından, başarılı olması durumunda küresel barış için de orijinal bir çözüm imkânı ortaya konmuş olacaktı. Çalışmada, ulusal sorunun özellikle ulusların kendi kaderini tayin hakkı kapsamında hangi temel varsayımlarla ele alındığı Türkistan halkları açısından tahlil edilmektedir. Bolşevik Devrimi öncesi ve sonrasında ulusal sorunla ilgili Lenin’in görüşleri analiz edilerek, teorik düşüncelerini hayata geçirme fırsatı yakalamış bir lider olarak düşüncelerinde meydana gelen dönüşüme de temas edilmektedir. Makalede Lenin’in kendi yazıları yanında konuyla ilgili diğer çalışmalar da kullanılmaktadır.

Keywords

Lenin, Ulusal Sorun, Ulusların Kendi Kaderini Tayin Hakkı, Türkistan

National Question and Turkistan According to Lenin

Abstract

The national question, which Marxism had in a sense excluded due to the conditions in Europe, was one of the priority problems to be solved on the road to the socialist revolution targeted by Lenin in multinational Russia. Since the solution to this problem would be a test of the ideal of socialist internationalism, which was the ultimate goal of the revolution, on a Russian scale, if successful, an original solution for global peace would be presented either. In the study, we try to evaluate the basic assumptions with which the national question is addressed, especially within the scope of the right of nations to self-determination, in the context of the peoples of Turkestan. By analyzing his views on the national question before and after the Bolshevik Revolution, the transformation in the thoughts of Lenin, a leader who had the opportunity to put his theoretical thoughts into practice, is revealed. In addition to Lenin’s own writings, other studies on the subject are also used in the article.

Keywords

Lenin, National Question, the Right of Nations to Selfl-Determination, Turkistan

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