Türkiye’deki bazı futbol kulüplerinin profesyonel ve alt yapı takımlarında bağıl yaş etkisi

Year 2013, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 105 - 111, 01.08.2013

Olcay Mülazımoğlu Hamit Cihan Murat Erdoğdu Erkan Faruk Şirin

https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000244

Cited By: 7

Abstract

Eğitimde olduğu gibi sporda da son yıllarda Bağıl Yaş Etkisi sıklıkla tartışılmaktadır. Doğdukları aylara göre, aynı yıl içerisinde en erken doğanların gelişimsel açıdan en geç doğanlara göre bir avantajının olması ve bunun etkisi, Bağıl Yaş Etkisi (BYE) kavramı ile ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki üst düzey bazı kulüplerin çeşitli yaş kategorilerindeki futbol takımlarında bulunan futbolcularda BYE’nin varlığının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 780 erkek örneklem, Beşiktaş A.Ş., Fenerbahçe A.Ş., Galatasaray A.Ş. ve Trabzonspor A.Ş. kulüplerinde oynayan profesyonel ve altyapı oyuncularından seçilmiştir. Her dört kulübün profesyonel takımları, 2011-2012 Türkiye Spor Toto Süper Ligi sonunda “Süper Final” oynamaya hak kazanmış olan takımlardır. Futbolculara ait bilgiler, Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu’na (TFF) ait erişime açık olan web sayfasından alınmıştır (1). Elde edilen veriler dört kulübün tüm kategorilerdeki takımları için ayrı ayrı incelenmiştir. Futbolcuların doğdukları aylara göre dağılımları gruplar arası farklılıkların anlamlılıkları ki-kare (chi-square) testi ile incelenmiştir. Profesyonel (A) takımlar hariç bütün kategorilerdeki futbolcuların doğdukları aylara göre dağılım oranlarının, yılın ilk aylarında özellikle de ocak ayında daha yüksek ve istatistiki açıdan anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle ergenlik dönemindeki yaş gruplarında bu oranların daha da yüksek olması, ülkemizin en üst düzeydeki dört kulübünde futbolcu seçimi ve tercihinde bağıl yaş etkisinin varlığını göstermektedir

Keywords

futbol, bağıl yaş etkisi, doğum tarihi

THE RELATIVE AGE EFFECT IN PROFESSIONAL AND YOUTH TEAMS OF SOME TURKISH SOCCER CLUBS

Abstract

The Relative Age Effect in sports and in education is frequently discussed. It is accepted that players who are born during the early months of the same year have an advantage over those who are born during the later months of the same year. This is known as the Relative Age Effect (RAE). The aim of this study is to observe the relative age effect on elite soccer players currently playing in Turkey. A total of 780 male participants were chosen from professional and young soccer players from Beşiktaş A.Ş., Fenerbahçe A.Ş., Galatasaray A.Ş. and Trabzonspor A.Ş. soccer clubs. Professional teams of each four clubs earned the right to play “Super Final” at the end of 2011-2012 Turkish Spor-Toto Super League. Data was collected by accessing the Turkish Football Federation (TFF)’s website (1) which holds information on all licensed players. Each team’s data were individually analysed for each age category. The birthmonth distribution and any meaningful difference were further analysed by a Chi-square statistical test. Apart from professional teams (A), meaningful statistical findings were observed for the youth players. Out of all the players that participate in youth academies, the majority were born on the month of January. Due to the meaningful differences found in this study which are even more evident in age groups that are in puberty , it can be said that player preference and selection is effected by the relative age effect in elite soccer teams in Turkey

Keywords

soccer, relative age effect, birth-month

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