Zika Virüs'e Genel Bakış

Year 2019, Volume: 45 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 30.04.2019

Mustafa Onur Aladağ , Ahmet Demirdelen , Rüstem Duman

Abstract

Uganda’nın Zika
ormanlarından izole edilmiş ve bulunduğu ormanın ismini alarak Zika virüsü
demişlerdir. İlk büyük salgın 2007 yılında Pasifik okyanusunun güneyinde Yap
adasında patlak vermiştir. Zika virüsü Flaviviridae ailesinin bir üyesi tek
iplikçikli bir RNA virüsüdür. Sarıhumma virüsü, Dang virüsü, Batı Nil virüsü,
St. Louis ensefalit virüsüne benzemektedir. Zika virüsünün teşhis konulmasında
diğer virüslerin neden olduğu hastalıklar olan Dang Humması ve Chikungunya
hastalığı ile karıştırıldığı düşünülmektedir. Zika virüsü genellikle Aedes aegytpi sivrisineklerinin ısırması
sonucu bulaşmaktadır. Sivrisinek ısırığının dışında, insandan insana, anneden
fetüse, cinsel yolla ve kan transfüzyonuyla bulaşabilmektedir. Enfeksiyonun
klinik belirtileri ateş, baş ağrısı, retro-orbital ağrı, eklem ağrısı, kronik
yorgunluk, halsizlik, miyalji, anoreksi, döküntü, ödem, lenfadenopati ve
diyaredir. Teşhis, IgG ve IgM antikorlarının saptaması ile
gerçekleştirilebilir. 2015 yılında Brezilya’da ZIKV (zika virüsü) enfeksiyonu
görülmesinden sonra doğum öncesi obstetrik ultrasonda ve doğumdan sonra
mikrosefali oluşumlarında artışlar gözlenmiştir. 

Keywords

Zika, Virüs, Flaviviridae

Zika Virus Overview

Abstract

It was isolated in Zika forests of Uganda and they
call Zika virus by receiving the name of the forest which it was found. The
first big epidemic was erupted in Yap island, the south of Pacific Ocean in
2007. Zika virus is the member of Flaviviridae family which is a
single-stranded RNA virus. It is similar to Yellow fewer virus, Dang virus,
West Nile virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus. Diagnosis of Zika virus is
thought to be confused with Dang Hummus and Chikungunya disease, the diseases
caused by other viruses. Zika virus is usually transmitted with biting of Aedes aegytpi mosquitoes. Apart from the
mosquito bite, it can be transmitted from human to human, from mother to fetus,
sexually and through blood transfusion. Clinical symptoms of the infection are
fever, headache, retro-orbital pain, arthralgia, chronic fatigue, asthenia, myalgia,
anorexia, eruption, edema, lymphadenopathy and diary. Diagnosis can be
performed through determination of IgG and IgM antibodies. After the ZIKV (zika
virus) infection was seen in Brazil, it was seen increments on prenatal
obstetric ultrasound and postnatal microcephaly formations.

Keywords

Zika, Virus, Flaviviridae

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