Satrapy System in Persian Management Organizatıon

Year 2015, Issue: 34, 61 - 86, 20.04.2015

Muzaffer Duran

Abstract

The Persian Kings had reached enormous width border of the Empire with conquests. Persians aree needed to form a government for contiunity of Persian influence spread over three continents. They found the solution to this problem with a kind of province system known as “satrapy”. Called “satrap” and usually appointed from center governors are appointed to the Management of province that changing from time to time boundaries and obligations. Directly appointed by the kings to satraps have been encumber a number of duties and responsibilities. The kings led to take some precautions depending on width boundary both distance from central authorities and the presence of troops deployed to satrapy garrisons -especially appointment of members of the royal family to important satrapy. The kings has appointed several officers to satrapy so as to preclude any negative situations that may arise such as riot, upheaval, independence struggle. Furthermore kings are connecting each satrapy with road networks that serving military and commercial purposes. Has been used by a number of changes to the system by Alexander the Great and the system came to an end after his death.

Keywords

Persians, Satrapy, Satrap

Satraplık Sisteminin Pers Yönetim Teşkilatındaki Yeri

Abstract

Pers kralları yapmış oldukları fetihlerle imparatorluk sınırlarını muazzam genişliğe ulaştırmıştı. Üç kıtaya yayılan Pers nüfuzunu daim kılabilmek için bir yönetim sistemine ihtiyaç duyan Persler bu meseleye “satraplık” olarak bilinen bir nevi eyalet sistemi ile çözüm bulmuşlardır. Sınırları ve yükümlülükleri zaman zaman değişen eyaletlerin yönetilmesi için “satrap” adı verilen ve genelde merkezden atanan valiler görevlendirilmiştir. Doğrudan kral tarafından atanan satraplara bir takım görev ve sorumluluk yüklenmiştir. Sınırların genişliğine bağlı olarak gerek merkezi otoriteye uzaklık, gerekse satraplık garnizonlarına konuşlandırılan askeri birliklerin varlığı ve özellikle önemli satraplıklara kraliyet aile üyelerinin atanması kralların bir takım önlemler almasına neden olmuştur. İsyan, ayaklanma, bağımsızlık mücadelesi gibi çıkabilecek herhangi bir olumsuz durumu önceden engellemek amacıyla satraplıklara çeşitli memurlar atayan krallar, esasen askeri ve ticari amaca hizmet eden yol ağları ile satraplıkları birbirine bağlamıştır. Büyük İskender tarafından bir takım değişikliklerle kullanılan bu sistem onun ölümünden sonra sona ermiştir.

Keywords

Persler, Satraplık, Satrap

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