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Composing the database of thrace soils and some soil characteristics

Year 2019, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 43 - 50, 22.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.595146

Abstract

One of the most important problems of soils
endowed with weak structural characteristics is the formation of crust layer on
the surface. Especially in a young alluvial soils, aggregate stability
decreases by degrading soil structures during transportation. Due to
insufficient precipitation, rebuilding of structure development and increasing
aggregate stability in these types of soils, especially in arid and semi-arid
areas, take a long time. This situation is common in Konya plain. Therefore, in
the study, the effects of liquid humic acid application on the aggregate
stability and rapture value, as well as some chemical properties of a clay
textured and weak structured soil  were
determined under incubation experiment. The study was conducted under
laboratory conditions; the effects of liquid humic acid applied at a dose of
0.5, 1, 2 and 4% were measured during incubation period of 25, 50 and 75 days.
In this research, the effects of liquid humic acid applications on soil
crusting formation, which directly affect modulus of rupture value, aggregate
stability and organic carbon and total nitrogen, pH and electrical conductivity
(EC) changes, were investigated. According to the results, it was found that
modulus of rupture values decreased in all incubation periods in comparison
with control and while application of 4% of liquid humic acid decreased modulus
of rupture value by 38.6% on the 25th day of incubation, 4% liquid humic acid
application increased the aggregate stability by 81.4% on the 50th day of
incubation. The effect of the applications on pH was insignificant, and the
highest value of EC in 25, 50 and 75 days of incubation period increased by
73.3, 79.4 and 77.5%, respectively at the highest applied dose of liquid humic
acid relative to the control. Additionally, it was observed that organic carbon
and total nitrogen contents of the soil increased with increasing application
doses. Accordingly, it was determined that the application of liquid humic acid
could make changes and improvements in the measured physical and chemical
properties of soils within the 25-day of incubation period.

References

  • Aggelides SM, Londra PA, 2000. Effects of compost produced from town wastes and sewage sludge on the physical properties of a loamy and a clay soil. Bioresource Technology 71: 253–259.
  • Andrews SS, 1998. Sustainable agriculture alternativs: Ecological and Managerial Implications of Composted and Fresh Poultry Litter Amendments on Agronomic Soils. B.S.E.H., The University of Georgia.
  • Bal L, Şeker C, Ersoy Gümüş İ, 2012. Kaymak tabakası oluşumuna fiziko-kimyasal faktörlerin etkileri. Selçuk Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 25: 96–103.
  • Balesdenta J, Chenub C, Balabane M, 2000. Relationship of soil organic matter dynamics to physical protection and tillage. Soil & Tillage Research 53: 215-230.
  • Bhattacharyya R, Chandra S, Singh RD, Kundu S, Srivastva AK, Gupta HS, 2007. Long-term farmyard manure application effects on properties of a clay loam soil under irrigated wheat-soybean rotation. Soil&Tillage Research 94: 386-396.
  • Brevik EC, Cerdà A, Mataix-Solera J Pereg, L, Quinton, JN, Six, J, Van Oost, K. 2015. The interdisciplinary nature of soil. Soil 1: 117-129.
  • Bryan R, 1992. The influence of some soil conditioners on soil properties: laboratory tests Kenyan soil samples. Soil Technology 5: 225-247.
  • Cassel D, Nielsen D, 1986. Field capacity and available water capacity. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1 – Physical and Mineralogical Methods 901–926.
  • Dinel H, Mehuys GR, Levesque M, 1991. Influence of humic acid and fibric materials on the aggregation and aggregat stability of a lacustrine siltly clay. Soil Science 2: 146-157.
  • Engin VT, Cöcen İ, İnci U, 2012. Türkiye’de leonardit. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Dergisi 1: 435-443.
  • Ferreras L, Gomez E., Toresani S, Firpo I, Rotondo R, 2006. Effect of organic amendments on some physical, chemical and biological properties in a horticultural soil. Bioresource Techonology 97, 635-640.
  • Gee GW, Bauder JW, Klute A, 1986. Particle-size analysis, Methods of soil analysis. Part 1, Physical and mineralogical methods, 383–411.
  • Glaser B, Lehmann J, Zech W, 2002. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal: A review. Biology and Fertility of Soils 35: 219–230.
  • Gümüs I, Seker C, 2015. Influence of humic acid applications on modulus of rupture, aggregate stability, electrical conductivity, carbon and nitrogen content of a crusting problem soil. Solid Earth 6: 1231–1236,
  • Hati KM, Swarup A, Dwivedi AK, Misra AK, Bandyopadhyay KK, 2007. Changes in soil physical properties and organic carbon status at the topsoil horizon of a vertisol of central India after 28 Years of continuous cropping, fertilization and manuring. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 119: 127-134.
  • Hillel D, 1982. Introduction to soil physics. Academic Press Inc. New York, USA. 359p.
  • Imbufe AU, Patti AF, Burrow D, Surapaneni A, Jackson WR, Milner AD. 2005. Effects of potassium humate on aggregate stability of two soils from Victoria. Australia. Geoderma 125: 321-330.
  • Imbufe AU, Patti AF, Surapeneni A, Jakson R, Webb AJ, 2004. Effects of brown coal derived materials on pH and electrical conductivity of an acidic vineyard soil. SuperSoil 2004: 3rd Australian New Zealand Soils Conference, 5–9 December 2004, University of Sydney, Australia.
  • İç S, Gülser C, 2008. Tütün Atığının Farklı Bünyeli Toprakların Bazı Kimyasal Ve Fiziksel Özelliklerine Etkisi. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23(2): 104-109.
  • Kemper W, Rosenau R, 1986. Aggregate stability and size distribution, in: Methods of Soil analysis, Part 1, 2nd Edn., edited by: Klute, A., Agron. Monogr. No. 9, Am. Soc. Agron.: Madison, WI.
  • LECO Corporation, 2003. Truspec carbon/nitrogen determinator. Leco Corporation 3000. Lakeview Avenue, St Jeseph, M1 49085-2396, USA.
  • Lee SB, Lee CH, Jung KY, Park KD, Lee D, Kim PJ, 2009. Changes of soil organic carbon and its fractions in reletion to soil physical properties in a long-term fertilized Paddy. Soil & Tillage Research 104: 227-232.
  • Lewandowski A, Zumwinkle M, 1999. Assessing the soil system: A soil quality literature review. St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Department of Agriculture. Energy and Sustainable Agriculture Programs.
  • Materechera SA, Salagae AM, 2002. Use of partially-decomposed cattle and chicken manure amended with wood-ash in two south Africa arable soils with contrasting texture: effect on nutrient uptake, early growth, and dry matter yield of maize. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 33(1&2), 179-201.
  • Mayhew L, 2004. Humic substances in biological agriculture. Acres-USA 34 (1).
  • MGM, 2017. Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü Resmi İstatistikler (İllerimize Ait İstatistiki Veriler).
  • Minitab Inc., 1995. Minitab reference manual. (Release 7.1), Minitab Inc., State Coll. PA, 16801, USA.
  • Motavalli PP, Anderson, SH, Pengthamkeerati, P, 2003. Use of Soil Cone Penetrometer to Detect The Effects of Compaction and Organic Amendments in Claypan Soils. Soil&Tillage Research 74:103-114.
  • Negiş H, Şeker C, Gümüş İ, 2016. Dönemsel tarla trafiginin seker pancarı tarımında toprak sıkışmasına etkisi. Selçuk Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 3(1), 103-107.
  • Öktem A, Çelik A, Öktem AG, 2017. Toprağa humik asit uygulamasının mısır bitkisinin (Zea mays L. indendata) verim ve bazı verim karakterleri üzerine etkisi. KSÜ Doğa Bil. Derg. 20 (Özel Sayı), 268-272.
  • Reeve R, 1965. Modulus of rupture Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Properties. Including Statistics of Measurement and Sampling 466–471.
  • Richards L, 1953. Modulus of rupture as an index of crusting of soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 17: 321–323.
  • Saltalı K, Eryiğit N, 2014. Farklı linyit kömüründen elde edilen humik asidin bazı toprak özellikleri ve bitki gelişimine etkisi. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi Özel Sayı, 60-65.
  • Schnitzer M, 1992. Significance of soil organic matter in soil formation, transport processes in soils and in the formation of soil structure. Soil Utilization and Soil Fertility. Volume 4, Humus Budget, 206, 63–81.
  • Shukla MR, Lal R, Ebinger M, 2006. Determining soil quality ındicators by factor analysis. Soil and Tillage Research 87: 194-204.
  • Six J, Elliot ET, Paustian K, 2000. Soil structure and soil organic matter: a normalized stability ındex and the effect of mineralogy. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64: 1042-1049.
  • Solera-Mataix J, Cerdà A, Jordàn A and Zavala LM, 2011. Fire effects on soil aggregation: a review, Earth-Sci. Rev. 109, 44–66.
  • Stevenson FJ, 1994. Humus Chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reactions. 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York 285p.
  • Şeker C, 2003. Effects of selected amendments on soil properties and emergence of wheat seedlings. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 83:615–621.
  • Şeker C, Karakaplan S, 1999. Konya ovasında toprak özellikleri ile kırılma değerleri arasındaki ilişkiler. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 23:183–190.
  • Şeker C, Özaytekin HH, Uyanöz R, Gümüş İ, Karaarslan E, Dedeoğlu M, 2014. Evaluation of soil quality ındicators and ıdentification of soil quality index A case study Konya Turkey. 9th International Soil Science Congress on “ The Soulof Soil and Civilization. October 14-16, 2014 Antalya/Turkey.
  • Şeker C, Uyanöz R, Özaytekin HH, Gümüş İ, Dedeoğlu M, 2015. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Sarıcalar Araştırma İstasyonu Topraklarının Kalite İndeksinin Belirlenmesi, BAP Proje No: 12401023.
  • Tarchitzky J, Chen Y, Banin A, 1993. Humic substances and pH effects on sodium and calcium montmorillonite flocculation of soil structure. Soil Science Society of America Journal 57:367-372.
  • Tripathi R, Nayak AK, Bhattacharyya P, Shukla AK, Shahid M, Raja R, Panda BB, Mohanty S, Kumar A, Thilagam VK, 2014. Soil aggregation and distribution of carbon and nitrogen in different fractions after 41 years long-term fertilizer experiment in tropical rice–rice system. Geoderma 213:280-286.
  • Wagner S, Cattle SR, Scholten T and Felix-Henningsen P, 2000. Observing the evolution of soil aggregates from mixtures of sand, clay and organic matter in soil. New Zealand Society of Soil Science 3: 217-218.
  • www.ormansu.gov.tr; www.cem,gov.tr. 2011. Kurak ve yarı kurak alan yönetimi çalıştayı sonuç bildirgesi. Nevşehir (Ürgüp) 5-8 Aralık.
  • Xu MG, Li DC, Li JM, Qin DZ, Kazuyuki, Y, Hosen Y, 2008. Effects of organic manure application with chemical fertilizers on nutrient absorption and yield of rice in hunan of Southern China. Agricultural Sciences in China 7 (10): 1245-1252.
  • Yılmaz E, 2011. Effects of different sources of organic matter on some soil fertility properties: A laboratory study on a Lithic Rhodoxeralf from Turkey. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 42:962-970.
  • Yılmaz E, Alagöz Z, Öktüren Z, 2005. Toprakta agregat oluşumu ve stabilitesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19(36): 78- 86.
  • Zhao Y, Wang P, Li J, Chen Y, Ying X, Liu S, 2009. The Effects of two organic manures on soil properties and crop yields on a temperate calcareous soil under a wheat-maize cropping system. European Journal of Agronomy 31:36-42.

Kabuk bağlama problemi bulunan bir toprağın ıslahına sıvı hümik asit uygulamasının etkisinin inkübasyon çalışmasında belirlenmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 43 - 50, 22.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.595146

Abstract

Zayıf strüktürel özellikler sahip toprakların en önemli problemlerinden
bir tanesi yüzeyde kaymak tabakası oluşmasıdır. Özellikle genç alüviyal
topraklarda taşınma esnasında toprak strüktürleri bozularak agregat
stabiliteleri düşmektedir. Bu tip topraklarda tekrar strüktür gelişimi ve
agregat stabilitesi artışı, özellikle kurak ve yarı kurak alanlarda, yağış
yetersizliği nedeniyle uzun zaman almaktadır. Konya ovası topraklarında da bu
durum yaygın olarak görülmektedir.  Bu
nedenle yapılan çalışmada, sıvı hümik asit uygulamasının kil tekstürlü, zayıf
strüktürel özelliğe sahip bir toprağın agregat stabilitesi ve kırılma değeri
ile bazı kimyasal özellikleri üzerine etkileri inkübasyona çalışmasında
belirlenmiştir. Çalışma laboratuvar koşullarında yürütülmüş olup; %0.5, %1, %2
ve %4 dozlarında uygulanan sıvı hümik asittin etkileri 25, 50 ve 75 günlük
inkübasyon süreleri boyunca ölçülmüştür. Araştırmada sıvı hümik asit
uygulamalarının kabuk oluşumunu doğrudan etkileyen toprak özelliklerinden olan
kırılma değeri, agregat stabilitesi ve organik karbon ile toplam azot, pH ve
elektriki iletkenlik (EC) değişimine etkileri incelenmiştir. Buna göre, kırılma
değerlerinde kontrole göre tüm inkübasyon sürelerinde düşüş tespit edilmiş
olup, inkübasyonun 25. gününde %4 sıvı hümik asit uygulaması kırılma değerini
%38.6 oranında azaltırken; inkübasyonun 50. gününde %4 sıvı hümik asit
uygulaması agregat stabilitesini %81.4 oranında artırmıştır. pH üzerine
uygulamaların etkisi önemsiz çıkmış, EC değerini 25, 50 ve 75 günlük inkübasyon
periyotlarında en yüksek hümik asit uygulaması kontrole göre sırasıyla %73.3,
79.4 ve 77.5 oranlarında artırmıştır. Ayrıca sıvı hümik asidin uygulama dozu
artışına bağlı olarak toprağın organik karbon, toplam azot içerikleri de
artışlar göstermiştir. Buna göre, sıvı hümik asit uygulamasının 25 günlük bir
inkübasyon süresinde dahi toprakların ölçülen fiziksel ve kimyasal
özelliklerinde değişiklikler ve iyileştirmeler yapabileceği belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Aggelides SM, Londra PA, 2000. Effects of compost produced from town wastes and sewage sludge on the physical properties of a loamy and a clay soil. Bioresource Technology 71: 253–259.
  • Andrews SS, 1998. Sustainable agriculture alternativs: Ecological and Managerial Implications of Composted and Fresh Poultry Litter Amendments on Agronomic Soils. B.S.E.H., The University of Georgia.
  • Bal L, Şeker C, Ersoy Gümüş İ, 2012. Kaymak tabakası oluşumuna fiziko-kimyasal faktörlerin etkileri. Selçuk Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 25: 96–103.
  • Balesdenta J, Chenub C, Balabane M, 2000. Relationship of soil organic matter dynamics to physical protection and tillage. Soil & Tillage Research 53: 215-230.
  • Bhattacharyya R, Chandra S, Singh RD, Kundu S, Srivastva AK, Gupta HS, 2007. Long-term farmyard manure application effects on properties of a clay loam soil under irrigated wheat-soybean rotation. Soil&Tillage Research 94: 386-396.
  • Brevik EC, Cerdà A, Mataix-Solera J Pereg, L, Quinton, JN, Six, J, Van Oost, K. 2015. The interdisciplinary nature of soil. Soil 1: 117-129.
  • Bryan R, 1992. The influence of some soil conditioners on soil properties: laboratory tests Kenyan soil samples. Soil Technology 5: 225-247.
  • Cassel D, Nielsen D, 1986. Field capacity and available water capacity. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1 – Physical and Mineralogical Methods 901–926.
  • Dinel H, Mehuys GR, Levesque M, 1991. Influence of humic acid and fibric materials on the aggregation and aggregat stability of a lacustrine siltly clay. Soil Science 2: 146-157.
  • Engin VT, Cöcen İ, İnci U, 2012. Türkiye’de leonardit. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Dergisi 1: 435-443.
  • Ferreras L, Gomez E., Toresani S, Firpo I, Rotondo R, 2006. Effect of organic amendments on some physical, chemical and biological properties in a horticultural soil. Bioresource Techonology 97, 635-640.
  • Gee GW, Bauder JW, Klute A, 1986. Particle-size analysis, Methods of soil analysis. Part 1, Physical and mineralogical methods, 383–411.
  • Glaser B, Lehmann J, Zech W, 2002. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal: A review. Biology and Fertility of Soils 35: 219–230.
  • Gümüs I, Seker C, 2015. Influence of humic acid applications on modulus of rupture, aggregate stability, electrical conductivity, carbon and nitrogen content of a crusting problem soil. Solid Earth 6: 1231–1236,
  • Hati KM, Swarup A, Dwivedi AK, Misra AK, Bandyopadhyay KK, 2007. Changes in soil physical properties and organic carbon status at the topsoil horizon of a vertisol of central India after 28 Years of continuous cropping, fertilization and manuring. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 119: 127-134.
  • Hillel D, 1982. Introduction to soil physics. Academic Press Inc. New York, USA. 359p.
  • Imbufe AU, Patti AF, Burrow D, Surapaneni A, Jackson WR, Milner AD. 2005. Effects of potassium humate on aggregate stability of two soils from Victoria. Australia. Geoderma 125: 321-330.
  • Imbufe AU, Patti AF, Surapeneni A, Jakson R, Webb AJ, 2004. Effects of brown coal derived materials on pH and electrical conductivity of an acidic vineyard soil. SuperSoil 2004: 3rd Australian New Zealand Soils Conference, 5–9 December 2004, University of Sydney, Australia.
  • İç S, Gülser C, 2008. Tütün Atığının Farklı Bünyeli Toprakların Bazı Kimyasal Ve Fiziksel Özelliklerine Etkisi. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23(2): 104-109.
  • Kemper W, Rosenau R, 1986. Aggregate stability and size distribution, in: Methods of Soil analysis, Part 1, 2nd Edn., edited by: Klute, A., Agron. Monogr. No. 9, Am. Soc. Agron.: Madison, WI.
  • LECO Corporation, 2003. Truspec carbon/nitrogen determinator. Leco Corporation 3000. Lakeview Avenue, St Jeseph, M1 49085-2396, USA.
  • Lee SB, Lee CH, Jung KY, Park KD, Lee D, Kim PJ, 2009. Changes of soil organic carbon and its fractions in reletion to soil physical properties in a long-term fertilized Paddy. Soil & Tillage Research 104: 227-232.
  • Lewandowski A, Zumwinkle M, 1999. Assessing the soil system: A soil quality literature review. St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Department of Agriculture. Energy and Sustainable Agriculture Programs.
  • Materechera SA, Salagae AM, 2002. Use of partially-decomposed cattle and chicken manure amended with wood-ash in two south Africa arable soils with contrasting texture: effect on nutrient uptake, early growth, and dry matter yield of maize. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 33(1&2), 179-201.
  • Mayhew L, 2004. Humic substances in biological agriculture. Acres-USA 34 (1).
  • MGM, 2017. Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü Resmi İstatistikler (İllerimize Ait İstatistiki Veriler).
  • Minitab Inc., 1995. Minitab reference manual. (Release 7.1), Minitab Inc., State Coll. PA, 16801, USA.
  • Motavalli PP, Anderson, SH, Pengthamkeerati, P, 2003. Use of Soil Cone Penetrometer to Detect The Effects of Compaction and Organic Amendments in Claypan Soils. Soil&Tillage Research 74:103-114.
  • Negiş H, Şeker C, Gümüş İ, 2016. Dönemsel tarla trafiginin seker pancarı tarımında toprak sıkışmasına etkisi. Selçuk Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 3(1), 103-107.
  • Öktem A, Çelik A, Öktem AG, 2017. Toprağa humik asit uygulamasının mısır bitkisinin (Zea mays L. indendata) verim ve bazı verim karakterleri üzerine etkisi. KSÜ Doğa Bil. Derg. 20 (Özel Sayı), 268-272.
  • Reeve R, 1965. Modulus of rupture Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Properties. Including Statistics of Measurement and Sampling 466–471.
  • Richards L, 1953. Modulus of rupture as an index of crusting of soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 17: 321–323.
  • Saltalı K, Eryiğit N, 2014. Farklı linyit kömüründen elde edilen humik asidin bazı toprak özellikleri ve bitki gelişimine etkisi. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi Özel Sayı, 60-65.
  • Schnitzer M, 1992. Significance of soil organic matter in soil formation, transport processes in soils and in the formation of soil structure. Soil Utilization and Soil Fertility. Volume 4, Humus Budget, 206, 63–81.
  • Shukla MR, Lal R, Ebinger M, 2006. Determining soil quality ındicators by factor analysis. Soil and Tillage Research 87: 194-204.
  • Six J, Elliot ET, Paustian K, 2000. Soil structure and soil organic matter: a normalized stability ındex and the effect of mineralogy. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64: 1042-1049.
  • Solera-Mataix J, Cerdà A, Jordàn A and Zavala LM, 2011. Fire effects on soil aggregation: a review, Earth-Sci. Rev. 109, 44–66.
  • Stevenson FJ, 1994. Humus Chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reactions. 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York 285p.
  • Şeker C, 2003. Effects of selected amendments on soil properties and emergence of wheat seedlings. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 83:615–621.
  • Şeker C, Karakaplan S, 1999. Konya ovasında toprak özellikleri ile kırılma değerleri arasındaki ilişkiler. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 23:183–190.
  • Şeker C, Özaytekin HH, Uyanöz R, Gümüş İ, Karaarslan E, Dedeoğlu M, 2014. Evaluation of soil quality ındicators and ıdentification of soil quality index A case study Konya Turkey. 9th International Soil Science Congress on “ The Soulof Soil and Civilization. October 14-16, 2014 Antalya/Turkey.
  • Şeker C, Uyanöz R, Özaytekin HH, Gümüş İ, Dedeoğlu M, 2015. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Sarıcalar Araştırma İstasyonu Topraklarının Kalite İndeksinin Belirlenmesi, BAP Proje No: 12401023.
  • Tarchitzky J, Chen Y, Banin A, 1993. Humic substances and pH effects on sodium and calcium montmorillonite flocculation of soil structure. Soil Science Society of America Journal 57:367-372.
  • Tripathi R, Nayak AK, Bhattacharyya P, Shukla AK, Shahid M, Raja R, Panda BB, Mohanty S, Kumar A, Thilagam VK, 2014. Soil aggregation and distribution of carbon and nitrogen in different fractions after 41 years long-term fertilizer experiment in tropical rice–rice system. Geoderma 213:280-286.
  • Wagner S, Cattle SR, Scholten T and Felix-Henningsen P, 2000. Observing the evolution of soil aggregates from mixtures of sand, clay and organic matter in soil. New Zealand Society of Soil Science 3: 217-218.
  • www.ormansu.gov.tr; www.cem,gov.tr. 2011. Kurak ve yarı kurak alan yönetimi çalıştayı sonuç bildirgesi. Nevşehir (Ürgüp) 5-8 Aralık.
  • Xu MG, Li DC, Li JM, Qin DZ, Kazuyuki, Y, Hosen Y, 2008. Effects of organic manure application with chemical fertilizers on nutrient absorption and yield of rice in hunan of Southern China. Agricultural Sciences in China 7 (10): 1245-1252.
  • Yılmaz E, 2011. Effects of different sources of organic matter on some soil fertility properties: A laboratory study on a Lithic Rhodoxeralf from Turkey. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 42:962-970.
  • Yılmaz E, Alagöz Z, Öktüren Z, 2005. Toprakta agregat oluşumu ve stabilitesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19(36): 78- 86.
  • Zhao Y, Wang P, Li J, Chen Y, Ying X, Liu S, 2009. The Effects of two organic manures on soil properties and crop yields on a temperate calcareous soil under a wheat-maize cropping system. European Journal of Agronomy 31:36-42.
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İlknur Gümüş

Publication Date July 22, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gümüş, İ. (2019). Kabuk bağlama problemi bulunan bir toprağın ıslahına sıvı hümik asit uygulamasının etkisinin inkübasyon çalışmasında belirlenmesi. Toprak Bilimi Ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, 7(1), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.595146
AMA Gümüş İ. Kabuk bağlama problemi bulunan bir toprağın ıslahına sıvı hümik asit uygulamasının etkisinin inkübasyon çalışmasında belirlenmesi. tbbbd. July 2019;7(1):43-50. doi:10.33409/tbbbd.595146
Chicago Gümüş, İlknur. “Kabuk bağlama Problemi Bulunan Bir toprağın ıslahına sıvı hümik Asit uygulamasının Etkisinin inkübasyon çalışmasında Belirlenmesi”. Toprak Bilimi Ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi 7, no. 1 (July 2019): 43-50. https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.595146.
EndNote Gümüş İ (July 1, 2019) Kabuk bağlama problemi bulunan bir toprağın ıslahına sıvı hümik asit uygulamasının etkisinin inkübasyon çalışmasında belirlenmesi. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi 7 1 43–50.
IEEE İ. Gümüş, “Kabuk bağlama problemi bulunan bir toprağın ıslahına sıvı hümik asit uygulamasının etkisinin inkübasyon çalışmasında belirlenmesi”, tbbbd, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 43–50, 2019, doi: 10.33409/tbbbd.595146.
ISNAD Gümüş, İlknur. “Kabuk bağlama Problemi Bulunan Bir toprağın ıslahına sıvı hümik Asit uygulamasının Etkisinin inkübasyon çalışmasında Belirlenmesi”. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi 7/1 (July 2019), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.595146.
JAMA Gümüş İ. Kabuk bağlama problemi bulunan bir toprağın ıslahına sıvı hümik asit uygulamasının etkisinin inkübasyon çalışmasında belirlenmesi. tbbbd. 2019;7:43–50.
MLA Gümüş, İlknur. “Kabuk bağlama Problemi Bulunan Bir toprağın ıslahına sıvı hümik Asit uygulamasının Etkisinin inkübasyon çalışmasında Belirlenmesi”. Toprak Bilimi Ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, 2019, pp. 43-50, doi:10.33409/tbbbd.595146.
Vancouver Gümüş İ. Kabuk bağlama problemi bulunan bir toprağın ıslahına sıvı hümik asit uygulamasının etkisinin inkübasyon çalışmasında belirlenmesi. tbbbd. 2019;7(1):43-50.