Morphological characteristics and density of Bracon (Habrobracon) concolorans Marshall,1900 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a native Turkish parasitoid of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), on greenhouse-grown tomatoes in Antalya, Türkiye

Öz

Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most significant pests of tomato. Chemical pesticides are prioritized in pest control, and this poses risks to both the environment and human health. Although commercial biological agents are occasionally?increasingly? used for control, understanding the density of existing parasitoids and predators of the pest is crucial for the effectiveness of integrated pest management. In this study, the parasitism rate of the native parasitoid Bracon (Habrobracon) concolorans Marshall, 1900 (Hymenoptera:Braconidae) collected from T. absoluta infesting tomato plants Antalya was investigated. Tomato leaf samples were collected weekly from a greenhouse in Elmalı/Antalya in October-November 2019, and cultured. The samples were monitored daily to record the number of pests and parasitoids that reached the adult stage. According to the results, 2004 T. absoluta and 478 B. (H.) concolorans adults were obtained from 221 infedted leaves. The number of parasitoids reaching the adult stage ranged from 1.7 adults to 2.6 adults per leaf. The study also included determinationss of the morphological characteristics of the Antalya population of the parasitoid. Accordingly, the average body length of the parasitoid was 2.13 mm in males and 2.37 mm in females. The average antenna length in males and females was 2.04 mm and 1.80 mm, respectively,and the number of antenna segments was 20-23 and 18-21, respectively.The average ovipositor length was 0.59 mm.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bracon concolorans
• Tuta absoluta
• greenhouse
• density
• morphological futures

Antalya/Türkiye’de Serada Yetiştirilen Domateslerde Bulunan Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)'nın Yerli Parazitoidi Bracon (Habrobracon) concolorans Marshall, 1900 (Hymenoptera:Braconidae)’ın Morfolojik Özellikleri ve Yoğunluğu

Öz

Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) domates bitkisinin en önemli zararlılarından biridir. Zararlı ile mücadelede kimyasal mücadeleye öncelik verilmekte, bu durum çevre ve insan sağlığı risklerini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Mücadelede zaman zaman ticari biyolojik ajanlar kullanılsa da zararlının mevcut parazitoid ve predatörlerinin yoğunluğunun bilinmesi entegre mücadelenin etkinliği açısından önemli olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Antalya'da T. absoluta’nın istila ettiği domates bitkilerinden elde edilen yerli parazitoid, Bracon (Habrobracon) Marshall, 1900 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)’ın yoğunluğu araştırılmıştır. Antalya/Elmalı’da 2019 yılı Ekim-Kasım aylarında seradan haftalık olarak toplanarak kültüre alınan domates yaprak örnekleri günlük olarak takip edilmiş ve ergin döneme ulaşan parazitoidlerle birlikte zararlı sayısı da kayıt altına alınmıştır. Sonuçlara göre 221 bulaşık yaprak örneğinden toplam 2004 adet T. absoluta ve 478 adet B. (H.) concolorans ergini elde edilmiştir. Ergin döneme ulaşan parasitoid sayısı en az 1.7 ergin/yaprak, en fazla 2.6 ergin/yaprak olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada parazitoidin Antalya populasyonunun morfolojik karakterlerine ilişkin değerlendirmelere de yer verilmiştir. Buna göre parazitoid türün vücut uzunluğu erkek bireylerde ortalama 2.13 mm dişi bireylerde 2.37 mm olarak belirlenmiştir. Erkek ve dişi bireylerde anten uzunluğu sırasıyla ortalama 2,04 mm ve 1,80 mm, anten segment sayısı 20-23 ve 18-21 olarak saptanmış, ovipozitör uzunluğu ise ortalama 0,59 mm olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bracon concolorans
• Tuta absoluta
• örtüalti
• yoğunluk
• morfolojik özellikler

Kaynakça

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