Bazı inorganik gübrelerin entomopatojen nematodlar (Steinernema feltiae Tur-S3 ve Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HBH) üzerine etkileri

Öz

Entomopatojen nematodlar (EPN'ler) özellikle toprakta yaşayan zararlı böceklere karşı biyolojik mücadelede kullanılmakta, çevreye ve insan sağlığına olumsuz bir etki göstermemektedirler. Toprak içerisinde uzun süre etkin olup konukçusunu arayabilme özelliğine sahiptirler. Yaşam döngülerinin büyük bir bölümünü toprak içerisinde geçiren EPN'ler, gübreleme, toprak işleme ve sulama gibi tarımsal faaliyetlerden etkilenebilir. Bu çalışmada bazı kimyasal gübrelerin, EPN’lerin canlılığı üzerine gösterdiği doğrudan etkiyi belirlemek için yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla, tarımda yoğun olarak kullanılan altı inorganik gübre ve iki EPN (Steinernema feltiae Tur-S3 ve Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HBH) ırkı seçilmiştir. Laboratuvar koşullarında 1gr/l, 5gr/l ve 10gr/l gübre dozları uygulanıp, 10 gün boyunca incelenmiştir. İnorganik gübrelere karşı S. feltiae (Tur-S3) ırkının H. bacteriophora (HBH)' dan daha dirençli olduğu, ancak DAP, NPK ve NP'nin gübrelerinin her iki EPN ırkını da olumsuz etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. DAP, NPK ve NP' nin öldürücü etkisi diğer gübrelere göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Entomopatojen nematodlar
• Hümik ve fülvik asitler
• Steinernemacarpocapsae
• Steinernema feltiae

Effects of some inorganic fertilizers on the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae (Tur-S3) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (HBH)

Öz

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are used effectively in biological control because of their virulence against soil dwelling pests, long-term efficacy and harmlessness to the environment. EPNs spend most of their life in the soil and have host- finding behavior. They can be affected by agricultural activities such as fertilization, tillage and irrigation. The objective of this study was to determine the direct effects of inorganic fertilizers on EPNs. For this purpose, 6 inorganic fertilizers used extensively in agriculture and two species of EPN (Steinernema feltiae Tur-S3 and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HBH) were selected for the study. They were exposed to 1 gr/l, 5 gr/l and 10 gr/l fertilizer doses under laboratory conditions and checked for mortality for 10 days. Steinernema feltiae (Tur-S3) was more resistant to inorganic fertilizers than H. bacteriophora HBH, and DAP, NPK and NP had more adverse effects than the other fertilizers on both strains.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Entomopathogenic nematodes
• Steinernema feltiae
• Heterorhabditis bacteriophora
• inorganic fertilizers

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