Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)’nin biyolojik mücadelesinde bazı yerel fungus izolatlarının entomopatojenik potansiyellerinin belirlenmesi
Yıl 2021,
, 13 - 23, 30.06.2021
Şebnem Tireng Karut
,
Yeşim Aysan
Öz
Pamuk beyazsineği Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) tarımsal üretimlerde ekonomik kayıplara neden olan en önemli zararlılar arasında yer almaktadır. Gerek biyo-ekolojik özellikleri gerekse insektisitlere karşı geliştirdiği direnç nedeniyle mücadelesi giderek zorlaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada zararlının biyolojik mücadelesinde kullanılabilecek B. tabaci’den izole edilmiş Cladosporium xantochromaticum, Fusarium
chlamydosporum ve Penicillium oxalicum izolatlarının entomopatojenik özellikleri laboratuvar koşullarında belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada, P. oxalicum izolatı zararlının nimf ve ergin dönemine karşı sırasıyla %65 ve %30 oranlarında etki göstermiştir. Bu izolatı aynı sırayla %48 ve %31 oranlarıyla C. xantochromaticum izolatı izlemiştir. Belirtilen izolatlar aynı zamanda zararlının ergin öncesi gelişme sürelerinin uzamasına da neden olmuştur. Çalışmada B. tabaci’nin biyolojik mücadelesine katkı sunabilecek ümitvar iki izolat (P. oxalicum ve C. xantochromaticum) saptanmıştır. Bu izolatların, avcı ve parazitoitler ile entegre edilmesinin zararlıya karşı yürütülecek biyolojik mücadele uygulamalarının başarısını arttıracağı düşünülmektedir.
Destekleyen Kurum
Çukurova Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi ve Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü
Proje Numarası
FDK-2015-5239 ve TAGEM-BS-13/09-01/02-05
Teşekkür
Öneri ve katkılarından dolayı Prof. Dr. Kamil KARUT, Prof. Dr. Ali ERKILIÇ ve Prof Dr. İsmail DEMİR’e, projeyi destekleyen Çukurova Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimine (FDK-2015-5239) ve Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü’ne (TAGEM-BS-13/09-01/02-05) teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
- Abdel-Baky N.F., 2000. Cladosporium spp. an entomopathogenic fungus for controlling whiteflies and aphids in Egypt. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 3: 1662-1667.
- Al-Keridis L.A., 2015. Application of Penicillium sp as entomopathogenic fungi to control the red rust beetle Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae). Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 12: 7-12.
- Anaisie P.E., V.Y. Eziah & E.O. Owusu, 2011. The potential of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi for the management of the Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) in Ghana. International Research Journal of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, 1: 275-281.
- Anwar W., M.S. Haider, A.A. Shahid, H. Mushtaq, U. Hameed, M.Z.U. Rehman & M.J. Iqbal, 2017. Genetic diversity of Fusarium isolated from members of Sternorrhyncha (Hemiptera): Entomopathogens against Bemisia tabaci. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49(2): 639-645.
- Anwar W., K. Nawaz, M.A. Javed, A. Akhter, A.A. Shahid, M.S. Haider, M.Z.U. Rehman & S. Ali, 2020. Characterization of fungal flora associated with sternorrhyncha insects of cotton plants. Biologia, doi.org/10.2478/s11756-020-00549-0.
- Avery P.B., C M. Mannion, C.A. Powell, C.L. McKenzie & L.S. Osborne, 2011. Natural enemies managing the invasion of the fig whitefly, Singhiella simplex (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), infesting a Ficus benjamina Hedge. Florida Entomologist, 94: 696-698.
- Ben Zeev I.S., 1993. Check-list of fungi pathogenic to insects and mites in Israel, updated through 1992. Phytoparasitica, 21: 213-237.
- Dellaporta S.L., J. Wood & J.B. Hicks, 1983. A plant DNA minipreparation: Version II. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 1: 19-21.
- Faria M. & S.P. Wraight, 2001. Biological control of Bemisia tabaci with fungi. Crop Protection, 20: 767-778.
- Gupta S., S.B. Krasnoff, N.L. Underwood, J.A.A. Renwick & D.W. Roberts, 1991. Isolation of beauvericin as an insect toxin from Fusarium semitectum and Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans. Mycopathologia, 115: 185-189.
- Harish E.R., A.H. Farhana & B.G. Sangeetha, 2019. Screening potential microbes against whitefly (Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)), the most important pest of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 7(6): 601-606.
- Jaber L.R. & B.H. Ownley, 2017. Can we use entomopathogenic fungi as endophytes for dual biological control of insect pests and plant pathogens? Biological Control, 116: 36-45.
- Karman M., 1971. Bitki koruma araştırmalarında genel bilgiler, denemelerin kuruluşu ve değerlendirme esasları. T.C. Tarım Bakanlığı Zirai Mücadele ve Zirai Karantina Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Bornova-İzmir, 279s.
- Karut K., S.J. Castle, Ş.T. Karut & M.M. Karaca, 2020. Secondary endosymbiont diversity of Bemisia tabaci and its parasitoids. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 78:104104, doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104104.
- Kidanu S. & L. Hagos 2020. Research and application of entomopathogenic fungi as pest management option: A review. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 10(3): 31-39.
- Kishore Varma P., V. Chandra Sekhar, B. Bhavani & S. Upendhar, 2019. Cladosporium cladosporioides: A new report of parasitism on sugarcane woolly aphid, Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 7(6): 1122-1126.
- Lacey L.A., S.P. Wraight & A.A. Kirk, 2008. Entomopathogenic fungi for control of Bemisia tabaci Biotype B: Foreign exploration, research and implementation. (Editors: J. Gould, K. Hoelmer and J. Goolsby, Classical Biological Control of Bemisia tabaci in the United States, A Review of Interagency Research and Implementation). Springer, 33-69.
- Louw J.P. & L. Korsten, 2014. Pathogenic Penicillium spp. on apple and pear. Plant Disease, 98(5): 590-598.
- Mascarin G.M., N.N. Kobori, E.D. Quintela & Jr.I. Delalibera, 2013. The virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against Bemisia tabaci Biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and their conidial production using solid substrate fermentation. Biological Control, 66: 209-218.
- Sani I., S.I. Ismail, S. Abdullah, J. Jalinas, S. Jamian & N. Saad, 2020. A review of the biology and control of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), with special reference to biological control using entomopathogenic fungi. Insects, doi:10.3390/insects11090619.
- Shaker N.O., G.M.M. Ahmed, H.Y.E. Ibrahim, M.M. El-Sawy, M.E. Mostafa & H.N.A.E. Ismail, 2019. Secondary metabolites of the entomopathogenic fungus, Cladosporium cladosporioides and its relation to toxicity of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glov.). International Journal of Entomology and Nematology, 5(1): 115-120.
- Smith P., 1993. Control of Bemisia tabaci and the potential of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus as a biopesticide. Biocontrol News and Information, 14: 71-78.
- Stansly, P.A., & S.E. Naranjo. 2010. Introduction, pp. XV–XVIII. (Editors: P. A. Stansly, and S. E. Naranjo, Bemisia: bionomics and management of a global pest). Springer+Business, New York, NY, 540p.
- Telli Ö., 2006. Hatay ili turunçgillerinde zararlı turunçgil pamuklu beyazsineği, Aleurothrixus floccosus (maskell) ve turunçgil ipek beyazsineği, Paraleyrodes minei Iaccarino'nin yayılışı, biyolojisi ve doğal düşmanları üzerinde araştırmalar. Yüksek lisans tezi, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Antakya, 79s.
- Tireng Karut Ş., 2018. Pamuk beyazsineği, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)’nin entomopatojen florasının mikrobiyal mücadelede kullanımı. Doktora tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Balcalı, Adana, 120 s.
- Torres-Barragan A., A.L. Anaya, R. Alatorre & C. Toriello, 2004. Entomopathogenic fungi from ‘El Eden’ ecological reserve, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Mycopathologia, 158: 61-71.
- Valenzuela-Soto J.H., M.G. Estrada-Hernandez, E. Ibarra-Laclette & J.P. Delano-Frier, 2010. Inoculation of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) with growth-promoting Bacillus subtilis retards whitefly Bemisia tabaci development. Planta, 231: 397-410.
- White T.J., T. Bruns, S. Leeand & J. Taylor, 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. (Editors: M. A. Innis, D. H. Gelfand, J. J. Sninsky, and T. J. White, PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications). Academic Press, Inc., New York, 315-322.
- Wraight S.P., R.I. Carruthers, S.T. Jaronski, C.A. Bradley, C.J. Garza & S. Galaini-Wraight, 2000. Evaluation of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Peacilomyces fumosoroseus for microbial control of the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii. Biological Control, 17: 203-217.
Determination of the entomopathogenic potential of some Turkish fungal isolates in the control of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Yıl 2021,
, 13 - 23, 30.06.2021
Şebnem Tireng Karut
,
Yeşim Aysan
Öz
The cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is among the most important pests causing financial losses in agriculture. Due to its bio-ecological characteristics and resistance to insecticides, its control is getting more difficult. In this study, the entomopathogenic characteristics of Cladosporium xantochromaticum, Fusarium chlamydosporum and Penicillium oxalicum isolates from B. tabaci were determined under laboratory conditions for their potential use in the biological control of the pest . The P. oxalicum isolate had efficacies of 65% and 30% against the nymphal and adult stages of the pest, respectively. This isolate was followed by the C. xantochromaticum isolate with 48% and 31%, respectively. The mentioned isolates also prolonged the immature development period of B. tabaci. Two promising isolates (P. oxalicum and C. xantochromaticum) that can potentially contribute to the biological control of B. tabaci were identified in this study. It is expected that integrating these isolates with predators and parasitoids would increase the success of biological control programs of the pest.
Proje Numarası
FDK-2015-5239 ve TAGEM-BS-13/09-01/02-05
Kaynakça
- Abdel-Baky N.F., 2000. Cladosporium spp. an entomopathogenic fungus for controlling whiteflies and aphids in Egypt. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 3: 1662-1667.
- Al-Keridis L.A., 2015. Application of Penicillium sp as entomopathogenic fungi to control the red rust beetle Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae). Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 12: 7-12.
- Anaisie P.E., V.Y. Eziah & E.O. Owusu, 2011. The potential of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi for the management of the Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) in Ghana. International Research Journal of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, 1: 275-281.
- Anwar W., M.S. Haider, A.A. Shahid, H. Mushtaq, U. Hameed, M.Z.U. Rehman & M.J. Iqbal, 2017. Genetic diversity of Fusarium isolated from members of Sternorrhyncha (Hemiptera): Entomopathogens against Bemisia tabaci. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49(2): 639-645.
- Anwar W., K. Nawaz, M.A. Javed, A. Akhter, A.A. Shahid, M.S. Haider, M.Z.U. Rehman & S. Ali, 2020. Characterization of fungal flora associated with sternorrhyncha insects of cotton plants. Biologia, doi.org/10.2478/s11756-020-00549-0.
- Avery P.B., C M. Mannion, C.A. Powell, C.L. McKenzie & L.S. Osborne, 2011. Natural enemies managing the invasion of the fig whitefly, Singhiella simplex (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), infesting a Ficus benjamina Hedge. Florida Entomologist, 94: 696-698.
- Ben Zeev I.S., 1993. Check-list of fungi pathogenic to insects and mites in Israel, updated through 1992. Phytoparasitica, 21: 213-237.
- Dellaporta S.L., J. Wood & J.B. Hicks, 1983. A plant DNA minipreparation: Version II. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 1: 19-21.
- Faria M. & S.P. Wraight, 2001. Biological control of Bemisia tabaci with fungi. Crop Protection, 20: 767-778.
- Gupta S., S.B. Krasnoff, N.L. Underwood, J.A.A. Renwick & D.W. Roberts, 1991. Isolation of beauvericin as an insect toxin from Fusarium semitectum and Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans. Mycopathologia, 115: 185-189.
- Harish E.R., A.H. Farhana & B.G. Sangeetha, 2019. Screening potential microbes against whitefly (Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)), the most important pest of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 7(6): 601-606.
- Jaber L.R. & B.H. Ownley, 2017. Can we use entomopathogenic fungi as endophytes for dual biological control of insect pests and plant pathogens? Biological Control, 116: 36-45.
- Karman M., 1971. Bitki koruma araştırmalarında genel bilgiler, denemelerin kuruluşu ve değerlendirme esasları. T.C. Tarım Bakanlığı Zirai Mücadele ve Zirai Karantina Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Bornova-İzmir, 279s.
- Karut K., S.J. Castle, Ş.T. Karut & M.M. Karaca, 2020. Secondary endosymbiont diversity of Bemisia tabaci and its parasitoids. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 78:104104, doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104104.
- Kidanu S. & L. Hagos 2020. Research and application of entomopathogenic fungi as pest management option: A review. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 10(3): 31-39.
- Kishore Varma P., V. Chandra Sekhar, B. Bhavani & S. Upendhar, 2019. Cladosporium cladosporioides: A new report of parasitism on sugarcane woolly aphid, Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 7(6): 1122-1126.
- Lacey L.A., S.P. Wraight & A.A. Kirk, 2008. Entomopathogenic fungi for control of Bemisia tabaci Biotype B: Foreign exploration, research and implementation. (Editors: J. Gould, K. Hoelmer and J. Goolsby, Classical Biological Control of Bemisia tabaci in the United States, A Review of Interagency Research and Implementation). Springer, 33-69.
- Louw J.P. & L. Korsten, 2014. Pathogenic Penicillium spp. on apple and pear. Plant Disease, 98(5): 590-598.
- Mascarin G.M., N.N. Kobori, E.D. Quintela & Jr.I. Delalibera, 2013. The virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against Bemisia tabaci Biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and their conidial production using solid substrate fermentation. Biological Control, 66: 209-218.
- Sani I., S.I. Ismail, S. Abdullah, J. Jalinas, S. Jamian & N. Saad, 2020. A review of the biology and control of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), with special reference to biological control using entomopathogenic fungi. Insects, doi:10.3390/insects11090619.
- Shaker N.O., G.M.M. Ahmed, H.Y.E. Ibrahim, M.M. El-Sawy, M.E. Mostafa & H.N.A.E. Ismail, 2019. Secondary metabolites of the entomopathogenic fungus, Cladosporium cladosporioides and its relation to toxicity of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glov.). International Journal of Entomology and Nematology, 5(1): 115-120.
- Smith P., 1993. Control of Bemisia tabaci and the potential of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus as a biopesticide. Biocontrol News and Information, 14: 71-78.
- Stansly, P.A., & S.E. Naranjo. 2010. Introduction, pp. XV–XVIII. (Editors: P. A. Stansly, and S. E. Naranjo, Bemisia: bionomics and management of a global pest). Springer+Business, New York, NY, 540p.
- Telli Ö., 2006. Hatay ili turunçgillerinde zararlı turunçgil pamuklu beyazsineği, Aleurothrixus floccosus (maskell) ve turunçgil ipek beyazsineği, Paraleyrodes minei Iaccarino'nin yayılışı, biyolojisi ve doğal düşmanları üzerinde araştırmalar. Yüksek lisans tezi, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Antakya, 79s.
- Tireng Karut Ş., 2018. Pamuk beyazsineği, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)’nin entomopatojen florasının mikrobiyal mücadelede kullanımı. Doktora tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Balcalı, Adana, 120 s.
- Torres-Barragan A., A.L. Anaya, R. Alatorre & C. Toriello, 2004. Entomopathogenic fungi from ‘El Eden’ ecological reserve, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Mycopathologia, 158: 61-71.
- Valenzuela-Soto J.H., M.G. Estrada-Hernandez, E. Ibarra-Laclette & J.P. Delano-Frier, 2010. Inoculation of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) with growth-promoting Bacillus subtilis retards whitefly Bemisia tabaci development. Planta, 231: 397-410.
- White T.J., T. Bruns, S. Leeand & J. Taylor, 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. (Editors: M. A. Innis, D. H. Gelfand, J. J. Sninsky, and T. J. White, PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications). Academic Press, Inc., New York, 315-322.
- Wraight S.P., R.I. Carruthers, S.T. Jaronski, C.A. Bradley, C.J. Garza & S. Galaini-Wraight, 2000. Evaluation of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Peacilomyces fumosoroseus for microbial control of the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii. Biological Control, 17: 203-217.