The Study of 2, 4-Diamino-6-methly-1, 3, 5-triazine on the Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in The Hydrochloric Acid Medium: Integrated Theoretical and Experimental Investigations

Abstract

The aim of this study is the investigation of adsorption and corrosion behaviors of 2,4-Diamino-6-methly-1,3,5-triazine (2-DMT) on mild steel (MS) in 0.5 M HCI solution using many experimental and theoretical studies such as potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear polarization resistance (LPR), adsorption isotherm, potential of zero charge (PZC), scanning electron (SEM), atomic force microscopies (AFM) and quantum chemical calculations. The results showed that 2-DMT has an outstanding anti-corrosion performance of 94.6% at an optimum concentration of 10 mM and the MS surface, which was exposed to the inhibited solution at 298 K, does not contain pits, cracks or deformations. Values of icorr are found to be 0.51, 0.22, 0.098, 0.072 and 0.039 mA cm-2 for blank solution and each concentration of 2-DMT. Hydrogen volumes are 90 and 4.6 mL cm-2 for blank solution and the existence of 10.0 mM 2-DMT, respectively. The observed adsorption is much more consistent with Langmuir. The high performance is explained by the effective adsorbing of organic matter to the MS surface. HOMO, LUMO energies and the energy gap (∆E) are -7.1980, -1.9959 and 5.2021 eV, respectively. Accordingly, it is suggested that this organic compound can be used in the industrial acid cleaning procedure.

Keywords

• Corrosion
• Adsorption
• Mild steel
• Inhibitor
• Quantum chemical calculation

References

1. Koch G, Trends in oil and gas corrosion research and technologies. 1st ed. Elsevier Inc.; 2017.
2. Rodriguez-Alonso L, Lopez-Sanchez J, Serrano A, de la Fuente OR, Galvan JC, Carmona N. Hybrid sol-gel coatings doped with non-toxic corrosion inhibitors for corrosion protection on AZ61 magnesium alloy. Gels 2022;8(34):1-12.
3. Ouyang Y, Li LX, Xie ZH, Tang L, Wang F, Zhong CJ. A self-healing coating based on facile pH-responsive nanocontainers for corrosion protection of magnesium alloy. J. Magnes. Alloy. 2022;10:836-49.
4. Jiang Y, Gao S, Liu Y, Huangfu H, Guo X, Zhang J. Enhancement of corrosion resistance of AZ31B magnesium alloy by preparing MgAl-LDHs coatings modified with imidazolium based dicationic ionic liquid, Surf Coating Technol 2022;440:128504.
5. Tan B, Lan S, Zhang S, Deng H, Qiang Y, Fu A, Ran Y, Xiong J, Marzouki R, Li W. Passiflora edulia Sims leaves Extract as renewable and degradable inhibitor for copper in sulfuric acid solution. Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 2022;645:128892.
6. Sefaja J, Dernikovic B, Malina J, Lovrecek B. Investigation of steel corrosion in pickling solutions: Solutions with inhibitors. Surf. Technol. 1983;20(3):247–63.
7. Goyal M, Kumar S, Bahadur I, Verma C, Ebenso E.E. Organic corrosion inhibitors for industrial cleaning of ferrous and non-ferrous metals in acidic solutions: A review. J. Mol. Liq. 2018;256:565–73.
8. Yıldız R. An electrochemical and theoretical evaluation of 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl solutions. Corrosion Sci. 2015;90:544-53.

9. Ech-chihbi E, Nahl A, Salim R, Benhiba F, Moussaif A, El-Hajjaji F, et al. Computational, MD simulation, SEM/EDX and experimental studies for understanding adsorption of benzimidazole derivatives as corrosion inhibitors in 1.0 M HCl solution. J. Alloys Compd. 2020;844:155842.
10. Fakhry H, El Faydy M, Benhiba F, Laabaissi T, Bouassiria M, Allali M, et al. A newly synthesized quinoline derivative as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in molar acid medium: Characterization (SEM/EDS), experimental and theoretical approach. Colloids Surf, A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021:610:125746.
11. Yıldız R, Döner A, Doğan T, Dehri İ. Experimental studies of 2-pyridinecarbonitrile as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Corros. Sci. 2014;82:125-32.
12. Ganapathi Sundaram R, Sundaravadivelu M. Anticorrosion activity of 8-quinoline sulphonyl chloride on mild steel in 1 M HCl solution. J. Metall 2016;8095206.
13. Xhanari K, Finsgar M. Organic corrosion inhibitors for aluminium and its alloys in acid solutions: A review. RSC Adv. 2016;6(67):62833–57.
14. Döner A, Kardaş G. N-Aminorhodanine as an effective corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4. Corrosion Sci. 2011;53:4223–32.
15. El-Faham A, Osman SM, Al-Lohedan HA, El-Mahdy GA. Hydrazino-methoxy-1,3,5-triazine derivatives’ excellent corrosion organic inhibitors of steel in acidic chloride solution. Molecules 2016;21(6):714.
16. Arshad M, Khan TA, Khan MA. 1,2,4-triazine derivatives: Synthesis and biological applications. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. 2014;5(4):149-62.
17. Zarrok H, Oudda H, El Midaoui A, Zarrouk A, Hammouti B, Ebn Touhami M, Attayibat A, Radi S, Touzani R, Some new bipyrazole derivatives as corrosioninhibitors for C38 steel in acidic medium, Res. Chem. Intermed. 2012;38(8):2051–63.
18. Bouoidina A, Ech-chihbi E, El-Hajjaji F, El Ibrahimi B, Kaya S, Taleb M, Anisole derivatives as sustainable-green inhibitors for mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl: DFT and molecular dynamic simulations approach. J. Mol. Liq. 2021;324:115088.
19. Murulana LC, Kabanda MM, Ebenso EE. Experimental and theoretical studies on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel by some sulphonamides in aqueous HCl. RSC Adv. 2015;36:28743–61.
20. Li X, Deng S, Lin T, Xie X, Du G. 2-Mercaptopyrimidine as an effective inhibitor for the corrosion of cold rolled steel in HNO3 solution. Corros. Sci. 2017;118:202-16.
21. Li Y, Zhang S, Ding Q, Qin B, Hu L. Versatile 4, 6-dimethyl-2-mercaptopyrimidine based ionic liquids as high-performance corrosion inhibitors and lubricants. J. Mol. Liq. 2019;284:577–85.
22. Seung-Hyun Y, Young-Wun K, Chung K, Nam-Kyun K, Joon-Seop K. Corrosion inhibition properties of triazine derivatives containing carboxylic acid and amine groups in 1.0 M HCl solution. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2013;52(32):10880–89.
23. Nassar IM, Abbas MA, Hamdy A, Elazabawy OE, Evaluating the inhibiting action of cds nanoparticles and cds/pmma hybrid for corrosion of carbon steel in acidic media, international journal of current research 2013;5:4327–37.
24. Haque J, Ansari KR, Srivastava V, Quraishi MA, Obot IB. Pyrimidine derivatives as novel acidizing corrosion inhibitors for N80 steel useful for petroleum industry: A combined experimental and theoretical approach. J Ind Eng Chem, 2017;49:176-88.
25. Ichchou I, Larabi L, Rouabhi H, Harek Y, Fellah A. Electrochemical evaluation and DFT calculations of aromatic sulfonohydrazides as corrosion inhibitors for XC38 carbon steel in acidic media. J. Mol. Struct. 2019;1198:126898.
26. Singh P, Singh A, Quraishi MA. Inhibition effect of 1,3,5-tri-p-tolyl-1,3,5-triazene on the corrosion of brass in 0.5 M HCl solution. Res Chem Intermed 2014;40:595–4
27. Migahed M, Nassar I. Corrosion inhibition of tubing steel during acidization of oil and gas wells. Electrochim. Acta 2008;53:2877–82.
28. Yadav M, Kumar S, Tiwari N, Bahadur I, Ebenso EE. Experimental and quantum chemical studies of synthesized triazine derivatives as an efficient corrosion inhibitor for N80 steel in acidic medium. J. Mol. Liq. 2015;212:151–67.
29. John S, Joseph A, Sajini T, Jose AJ. Corrosion inhibition properties of 1,2,4-Hetrocyclic systems: Electrochemical, theoretical and Monte Carlo simulation studies. Egypt. J. Pet. 2017;26:721–32.
30. Salman M, Ansari KR, Haque J, Srivastava V, Quraishi MA, Mazumder MAJ, Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of substituted triazines and their corrosion inhibition behavior on N80 steel/acid interface. J Heterocyclic Chem. 2020;57:2157–72.
31. Shukla SK, Singh AK, Quraishi MA. Triazines: Efficient corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2012;7:3371 – 89.
32. Usman BJ, Gasem ZM, Umoren SA, Solomon MM. Eco-friendly 2-Thiobarbituric acid as a corrosion inhibitor for API 5L X60 steel in simulated sweet oilfield environment: Electrochemical and surface analysis studies. Scientific Reports, 2019;9:830.
33. Gurjar S, Ratnani S, Kandwal P, Tiwari KK, Sharma A, Sharma SK. Experimental and theoretical studies of 1-Benzyl pyridazinium bromide as green inhibitor for mild steel corrosion. e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy 2022;2:100054.
34. Shao H, Yin X, Zhang K, Yang W, Chen Y, Liu Y. N-[2-(3-indolyl)ethyl]-cinnamamide synthesized from cinnamomum cassia presl and alkaloid tryptamine as green corrosion inhibitor for Q235 steel in acidic medium. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 2022;20:916-33.
35. Fuchs-Godec R. The adsorption CMC determination and corrosion inhibition of some N-alkyl quaternary ammonium salts on carbon steel surface in 2M H2SO4. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 2006;280:130–39.
36. Kaya F, Solmaz R, Geçibesler İH. Adsorption and corrosion inhibition capability of Rheum ribes root extract (Işgın) for mild steel protection in acidic medium: A comprehensive electrochemical, surface characterization, synergistic inhibition effect, and stability study. J. Mol. Liq. 2023;372:121219.
37. Gong W, Yin X, Liu Y, Chen Y, Yang W. 2-Amino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-thiazole as a novel corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic medium. Progress in Organic Coatings 2019;126:150–61.
38. M. Ouakki, M. Galai, M. Rbaa, Ashraf S. Abousalemd, B. Lakhrissi, M. Ebn Touhami, M. Cherkaoui, Electrochemical, thermodynamic and theoretical studies of some imidazole derivatives compounds as acid corrosion inhibitors for mild steel. J. Mol. Liq. 2020;319:114063.
39. Alamiery A, A.B. Mohamad, A.A.H. Kadhum, M.S. Takriff. Comparative data on corrosion protection of mild steel in HCl using two new thiazoles. Data Brief 2022;40:107838.
40. Wang C, Zou C, Cao Y. Electrochemical and isothermal adsorption studies on corrosion inhibition performance of β-cyclodextrin grafted polyacrylamide for X80 steel in oil and gas production. J. Mol. Struct. 2021;1228:129737.
41. Ferraa S, Ouakki M, Barebita H, Nimour A, Cherkaoui M, Guedira T. Corrosion inhibition potentials of some phosphovanadate-based glasses on mild steel in 1 M HCl. Inorg. Chem. Commun. 2021;132:108806.
42. El-Zekred MA, Nofal AM, Shalabi K, Fouda AS. Ficus carica extract as environmentally friendly inhibitor for the corrosion of L-80 carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 media, J. Indian Chem. Soc. 2021;98.100128.
43. Costa SN, Almeida-Neto FWQ, Campos OS, Fonseca TS, de Mattos MC, Freire VN., et al. Carbon steel corrosion inhibition in acid medium by imidazolebased molecules: Experimental and molecular modelling approaches. J. Mol. Liq. 2021;326:115330.
44. Abdallah M, Gad EAM, Sobhi M, Al-Fahemi JH, Alfakeer MM. Performance of tramadol drug as a safe inhibitor for aluminum corrosion in 1.0 M HCl solution and understanding mechanism of inhibition using DFT. Egypt J. Pet. 2019;28:173–81.
45. Sığırcık G, Yıldırım D, Tüken T. Synthesis and inhibitory effect of N,N’-bis(1- phenylethanol)ethylenediamine against steel corrosion in HCl Media. Corrosion Sci. 2017;120:184–93.
46. Pour-Ali S, Hejazi S. Tiazofurin drug as a new and non-toxic corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl solution: experimental and quantum chemical investigations. J. Mol. Liq. 2022;354:118886.
47. Hegazy MA, Atlam FM. Three novel bolaamphiphiles as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid: Experimental and computational studies. J Mol. Liq. 2016;218:649–62.
48. Yıldız R. Adsorption and inhibition effect of 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine for mild steel corrosion in HCl medium: experimental and theoretical investigation. Ionics 2019; 25:859–70.
49. Verma C, Quraishi M, Singh A. 2-Amino-5-nitro-4, 6-diarylcyclohex-1-ene-1, 3, 3- tricarbonitriles as new and effective corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1 M HCl: Experimental and theoretical studies, J. Mol. Liq. 2015;212:804–12.
50. Yıldız R, Doğru Mert B. Theoretical and Experimental Investigations on Corrosion Control of Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution by 4-aminothiophenol. Anti-Corros Meth Mater. 2019;66:127–37.
51. Keleşoğlu A, Yıldız R, Dehri İ, 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2 Imidazolidinone as corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solution: thermodynamic, electrochemical and theoretical studies. J Adhes Sci Technol 2019;33:2010–30.
52. Keleşoğlu A, Sığırcık G, Yıldız R, Dehri İ. Experimental and theoretical investigation of Pyrazinecarboxamide against mild steel corrosion. J Dispers Sci Technol 2023;44(2):329–341.
53. Gomez B, Likhanova N, Dominguez-Aguilar M, Martinez-Palou R, Vela A, Gazquez JL. Quantum chemical study of the inhibitive properties of 2-pyridyl-azoles, J. Phys. Chem. B. 2006;110:8928-34.
54. Tüzün B, Bhawsar J. Quantum chemical study of thiaozole derivatives as corrosion inhibitors based on density functional theory, Arab. J. Chem. 2021;14(2): 102927.