Factors Affecting Colostrum Quality in Dairy Cows, Measurement of Colostrum Quality and Efficiency of Passive Transfer

Abstract

Colostrum is the first milk secreted by mammary gland following birth and it is secreted within the first week after calving. It has many benefical components for neonates. Colostrum has protective features against pathogens and affects viability and growth of the calves. Due to the placental structure of ruminants, calves born agammaglobulinemic. So, the calves have to intake adequate and high quality colostrum into the proper time after parturition. Numerous factors affect the quality of colostrum such as breed, milk yield, number of births, calving season, the length of the dry period, leakage of milk from the udder in the prepartum period, nutrition, diseases, the period between birth and colostrum feeding,and vaccination status of the dam. These factors should be considered to maximize the efficiency. In this review, knowledge about the on importance of colostrum, factors affecting colostrums quality, measurement of colostrums quality and the efficiency of passive transfer was reviewed.

Keywords

• Colostrum
• Calf
• Management
• Quality

Süt İneklerinde Ağız Sütü Kalitesini Etkileyen Faktörler, Ağız Sütü Kalitesinin ve Pasif Transferin Etkinliğinin Ölçümü

Abstract

Ağız sütü, doğumu izleyen ilk hafta içerisinde meme bezinden salgılanan buzağılar için yararlı birçok bileşene sahip ilk süttür. Ağız sütü, patojenlere karşı koruyucu özelliğe sahiptir ve buzağıların hayatta kalması ve uygun şekilde gelişimini sağlamaktadır. Ruminantların plasenta yapısı nedeniyle buzağılar gamaglobülinsiz olarak doğarlar. Bu nedenle buzağılar doğumdan sonra uygun zamanda, yeterli ve kaliteli ağız sütü almalıdır. Ağız sütünün kalitesini etkileyen birçok faktör vardır. Bunlar: ırk, süt verimi, doğum sayısı, doğum mevsimi, kuru dönem uzunluğu, prepartum dönemde memeden süt sızması, beslenme, hastalıklar, doğum ile ağız sütünün verilme zamanı arasında geçen süre ve ananın aşılanma durumudur. Bu faktörleri bilmek ağız sütünün en iyi şekilde yönetimi için önemlidir. Bu derlemede, ağız sütünün önemi, ağız sütünün kalitesini etkileyen faktörler ve kalitesinin ölçümü ve pasif transferin etkinliği hakkında güncel bilgiler ele alınacaktır.

Keywords

• ağız sütü
• buzağı
• yönetim
• kalite

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