LİSE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN KARİYER KARAR VERME GÜÇLÜKLERİNİN YORDAYICILARI OLARAK ALGILANAN SOSYAL DESTEK ve CİNSİYET

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 241 - 257, 01.09.2013

Kemal Öztemel

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı lise öğrencilerinin aile, arkadaş ve öğretmenlerden algıladıkları sosyal destek ve cinsiyetlerinin birlikte kariyer karar verme güçlüklerini yordayıp yordamadığını incelemektir. Araştırma grubu 273 (114 kız ve 159 erkek) ortaöğretim 9, 10 ve 11. sınıf öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada verileri toplamak için Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ASDÖ-R), Kariyer Karar Verme Güçlükleri Ölçeği (KKVGÖ) ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Pearson korelasyon katsayısı ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Algılanan sosyal destek ve cinsiyet birlikte kariyer karar verme güçlüklerine ilişkin toplam varyansın %5’ini açıklamıştır. Öğretmenden algılanan sosyal destek, toplam kariyer karar verme güçlüklerinin, bilgi eksikliği ve tutarsız bilgi alt ölçeklerinin en güçlü yordayıcısı olmuştur. Cinsiyet bilgi eksikliği alt ölçek puanlarının anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olmuştur. Sonuçlar, ilgili literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmış ve ileriki araştırmalar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kariyer karar verme güçlükleri, sosyal destek, cinsiyet

Perceived Social Support And Gender As Predictors Of High School Students’ Career Decision Making Difficulties

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine whether perceived social support from family, teachers and friends, and
gender of high school students predict their career decision making difficulties or not. The study group consisted
of 273 (114 girls and 159 boys) 9th grade, 10th grade, and 11th grade high school students. Career Decision
Making Difficulties Questionnaire-Turkish High School form (CDDQ-THS), Perceived Social Support ScaleRevised
(PSSS-R) and Personal Information Form were used to collect data. Pearson correlation coefficient and
simultaneously multiple regression analysis were used to analyze data. According to result of multiple regression
analysis perceived social support and gender together accounted for a significant proportion of the variance (5
%) of the career decision making difficulties scores of the students. At the end of the research it was found that
perceived social support from teachers was the most important predictor of the total career decision making
difficulties, and lack of information and inconsistent information subscales. Gender was the significant predictor
of the lack of information subscales. The results were discussed in light of previous research and relevant
literature, and recommendations for future research were made.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Career decision making difficulties, career indecision, social support, gender, adolescents

Kaynakça

• Akkoç, F. (2012). Lise öğrencilerinin mesleki kararsızlıkları ile kariyer inançları arasındaki ilişki. Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 32, 49-70.
• Amir, T. & Gati, I. (2006). Facets of career decision making difficulties. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 34, 483-503.
• Arslan, C. (2009). Anger, self-esteem, and perceived social support in adolescence. Social Behavior and Personality, 37, 555-564.
• Bacanlı, F. (2008, April). Career decision-making difficulties of Turkish adolescents. Paper presented at Counseling International Perspective: Global Demands and Local Needs, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.
• Bacanlı, F. (2012). Kariyer karar verme güçlükleri ve meslek seçimine ilişkin akılcı olmayan inançların ilişkisi. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(37), 86-95.
• Bacanlı, F., Eşici, H. ve Özünlü, M. B. (2013). Kariyer karar verme güçlüklerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 5(40), 198-211.
• Calvete, E. & Connor-Smith, J. K. (2006). Perceived social support, coping, and symptoms of distress in American and Spanish students. Anxiety, Stress and Coping: An International Journal, 19, 47-65.
• Chartrand, J.M., Rose, M.L., Elliot, T.R., C. Marmarosh, C. & Caldwell, C. (1993). Peeling back the onion: Personality, problem solving, and career decision making style correlates of career indecision. Journal of Career Assessment, 1, 66-82.
• Creed, P. A. & Yin, W. O. (2006). Reliability and validity of a chinese version of the career decision making difficulties Questionnaire. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 6, 47-63.
• Çakır, M. A. (2003). Bir mesleki grup rehberliği programının lise öğrencilerinin mesleki kararsızlık düzeylerine etkisi (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Çeçen, A. R. (2008). Öğrencilerinin cinsiyetlerine ve anababa tutum algılarına göre yalnızlık ve sosyal destek düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6, 415-431
• Di Fabio, A. & Palazzeschi, L. (2011, October). Career decision-making difficulties: behind personality, self- efficacy and perceived social support, the role of emotional intelligence. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Career Development Conference Career Guidance and Development Practices around the World (IAEVG-PACE), Cape Town, South Africa,
• Di Fabio, A., Palazzeschi, L., Asulin-Peretz, L. & Gati, I. (2013). Career indecision versus indecisiveness: Associations with personality traits and emotional intelligence. Journal of Career Assessment, 21, 42- 56.
• Doğan, H. & Bacanli, F. (2012). The effect of a career decision-making group guidance program on career decision-making difficulties. Energy Education Science and Technology Part B: Social and Educational Studies, Special Issue(1), 912-916.
• Duru, E. (2008). Üniversiteye uyum sürecinde yalnızlığı yordamada sosyal destek ve sosyal bağlılığın doğrudan ve dolaylı rolleri. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 29, 13-24.
• Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity, youth, and crisis. New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
• Farmer, H. S. (1985). Model of career and achievement motivation for women and men. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 32, 363-390.
• Gati, I., Krausz, M. & Osipow, S. H. (1996). A taxonomy of difficulties in career decision-making. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 510-526.
• Gati, I. & Saka, N. (2001). High school students’ career related decision-making difficulties. Journal of Counseling and Development, 79, 331-340.
• Havighurst, R. J. (1971). Developmental tasks and education. New York: Longman.
• Hijazi, Y., Tatar, M. & Gati, I. (2004). Career decision making difficulties among Israeli and Palestinian Arab high-school seniors. Professional School Counseling, 8, 64- 72.
• Holt, M. K. & Espelage, D. L. (2005). Social support as a moderator between dating violence victimization and depression/anxiety among African American and Caucasian adolescents. School Psychology Review, 34, 309-328.
• Kenny, M. E. & Bledsoe, M. (2005). Career adaptability in context: The role of support, barriers, and peer school beliefs. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66, 257-272.
• Kenny, M. E., Blustein, D. L., Chaves, A., Grossman, J. M. & Gallagher, L. (2003). The role of perceived barriers and relational support in the educational and vocational lives of urban high school students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50, 142-155.
• Kush, K. & Cochran, L. (1993). Enhancing a sense of agency through career planning. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 40, 434-439.
• Kutsal, D. ve Bilge, F. (2012). Lise öğrencilerinin tükenmişlik ve sosyal destek düzeyleri. Eğitim ve Bilim, 37(164), 287-296.
• Lapan, R. T., Hinkelman, J. M., Adams, A. & Turner, S. (1999). Understanding rural adolescents' ınterests, values, and efficacy expectations. Journal of Career Development 26, 107-124.
• Lopez, F. G., Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D. & Gore, P. A. (1997). Role social-cognitive expectations in school students’ mathematics-related interest and performance. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 44, 44-52.
• Mau, W. C. (2001). Assessing career decision-making difficulties: A cross-cultural study. Journal of Career Assessment, 9, 353-364.
• McWhirter, E. H., Hackett, G. & Bandalos, D. L. (1998). A causal model of the educational plans and career expectations of Mexican American high school girls. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45, 166-181.
• Mutlu, T. (2011). Lise öğrencilerinde kariyer kararı verme güçlükleri (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Nota, L., Ferrari, L. Solberg, V. S. H. & Soresi, S.(2007). Career search self-efficacy, family support, and career indecision with Italian youth. Journal of Career Assessment, 15, 181-193.
• O’ Brien, K. M., Friedman, S. M., Tipton, L. C. & Linn, S. G. (2000). Attachment, seperation, and women’s vocational development: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 301-315.
• Osipow, S. H. & Gati, I. (1998). Construct and concurrent validity of the career decision-making difficulties questionnaire. Journal of Career Assessment, 6, 347-364.
• Öztemel, K. (2012). Kariyer kararsızlığı ile mesleki karar verme öz yetkinlik ve kontrol odağı arasındaki ilişkiler. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 32, 459-477.
• Öztemel, K. (2013). Testing the validity of the emotional and personality-related career decision-making difficulties questionnaire in Turkish Culture. Journal of Career Development, 40, 390-407.
• Rogers, M. E., Creed, P. A. & Glendon, A. I. (2008). The role of personality in adolescent career planning and exploration: A social cognitive perspective. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73, 132-142.
• Sarason, I. G. & Sarason, B. R. (1982).Concomitants of social support: Attitudes, personality characteristics, and life experiences. Journal of Personality, 50, 331–344.
• Schultheiss, D. E. P, Kress, H. M., Manzi, A. J. & Glasscock, J. M. J. (2001). Relational influences in career development: A qualitative inquiry. Counseling Psychologist, 29, 216-239.
• Schultheiss, D. E. P., Palma, T. V., Predragovich, K. S. & Glasscock, J. M. J. (2002). Relational influences on career paths: Siblings in context. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 302-310.
• Super, D. E. (1990). Work in a cross-national industrialized perspective. Psyccritiques, 35, 13-15.
• Super, D. E. (2003). A life-span approach to career development. In D. Brown, Career information, career counseling, and career development (pp. 32-40). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
• Super, D. E. & Overstreet, P. L. (1960). The vocational maturity of ninth grade boys. NY: Teacher College, Columbia University.
• Sürücü, M. (2005). Lise öğrencilerinin mesleki olgunlukları ve algıladıkları sosyal destekleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Yıldınm, İ. (2004). Algılanan sosyal destek ölçeğinin revizyonu. Eğitim Araştırmaları (Eurasian Journal of Educational Research), 17, 221-236.
• Yıldırım, İ. (2007). Depression, Test Anxiety and Social Support among Turkish Students Preparing for the University Entrance Examination. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 29, 171-184.
• Yıldırım, İ., Gençtanırım, D., Yalçın, İ. & Baydan, Y. (2008). Academic Achievement, Perfectionism and Social Support as Predictors of Test Anxiety. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 34, 287-297.
• Wall, J., Covell, K. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1999). Implications of social supports for adolescents' education and career aspirations. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 31(2), 63-71.