A Research on Tensile Properties of Nonwoven Fabrics Produced from Staple Polyester and Sheath/Core Low Melting Staple Polyester Binder Fibres with Carding, Needle Punching and Pressing Machines

Year 2017, Volume: 24 Issue: 108, 233 - 242, 31.12.2017

Mustafa Sabri Özen

Abstract

In this study, nonwoven fabrics were produced from staple polyester fibres
and sheath/core low melting staple polyester binder fibres at different
blending ratios by carding processes and then post-bonding processes such as needle
punching and thermal bonding with pressing. The effect of sheath/core low
melting polyester binder fibre ratio on tensile properties of needle punched
and thermally bonded nonwoven fabrics was investigated. Sheath/core low melting
staple polyester binder fibres were blended with staple polyester fibres at the
ratios 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. Webs were formed at carding machine and
then bonded mechanically and thermally at needle punching and pressing machines.
Fabric area density, thickness, fabric tenacity and elongation at break
properties of the produced needle punched and thermally bonded nonwoven fabrics
were tested according to ISO and ASTM standards. Experimental results clearly
revealed that tenacity values of needle punched and thermally bonded nonwoven
fabrics increased with increasing of sheath/core low melting polyester binder fibre
ratio. It was observed that as the 30% and higher low melting polyester binder
fibre ratios were used, the tenacity values of needle punched and thermally
bonded nonwoven fabrics dramatically increased both machine and cross
direction. It was found that needle punched and thermally bonded nonwoven
fabric thickness values decreased with increasing of sheath/core low melting
staple polyester binder fibre ratio. 

Keywords

Nonwoven fabric, needle-punching, sheath/core low melting staple polyester binder fibre, thermal bonding

Kesikli Poliester ve Dış/İç Düşük Sıcaklıkta Eriyen Kesikli Poliester Bağlayıcı Liflerinden Tarak, İğneleme ve Pres Makineleri ile Üretilmiş Dokunmamış Kumaşların Mukavemet Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, kesikli poliester liflerinden ve dış/iç düşük
sıcaklıkta eriyen kesikli bağlayıcı poliester liflerinden, farklı karışım
oranlarında, tarak prosesi ve sonrasında iğneleme ve sıcak pres ile ısı ile
bağlama yapılarak dokunmamış kumaşlar üretilmiştir. İğnelenmiş ve ısı ile
bağlanmış dokunmamış kumaşların mukavemet özelliklerinde dış/iç düşük sıcaklıkta
eriyen bağlayıcı poliester liflerin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Dış/iç düşük sıcaklıkta
eriyen bağlayıcı poliester lifleri %5, %10, %20, %30, %40 ve %50 oranlarında
kesikli poliester lifleri ile karıştırılmıştır. Tülbent dokular tarak
makinesinde oluşturulmuş ve sonrasında iğneleme ve pres makinelerinde mekanik
ve ısıl yöntemlerle bağlanmıştır. Üretilen iğnelenmiş ve ısı ile bağlanmış dokunmamış
kumaşların birim metre kare ağırlığı, kalınlık, mukavemet ve kopma anında uzama
özellikleri ISO ve ASTM standartlarına göre test edilmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlar
çok açık bir şekilde, dış/iç düşük sıcaklıkta eriyen poliester bağlayıcı lif
oranının artmasıyla, iğnelenmiş ve ısı ile bağlanmış dokunmamış kumaş
mukavemetinin arttığını göstermiştir. %30 ve daha fazla oranda dış/iç düşük
sıcaklıkta eriyen poliester bağlayıcı elyaf kullanıldığında, iğnelenmiş ve ısı
ile bağlanmış dokunmamış kumaş mukavemetinin hem makine hem de makine yönüne
dik yönde önemli oranda arttığı gözlenmiştir. Dış/iç düşük sıcaklıkta eriyen
poliester bağlayıcı lif oranının artmasıyla, iğnelenmiş ve ısı ile bağlanmış dokunmamış
kumaşların kalınlık değerlerinin de azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. 

Keywords

Dokunmamış kumaş, iğneleme, dış/iç düşük sıcaklıkta eriyen kesikli poliester bağlayıcı lifler, ısı ile bağlama

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