Nurses About Antibiotics, Preparation, Administration and Follow-up Basic Knowledge Levels: Survey Study

Abstract

Aim: In this voluntary cross-sectional study, our aim was to evaluate the general knowledge of nurses about antibiotic therapy and infection control measures. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 25 questions was prepared from the "Google Survey Form" and shared with 142 nurses via the "WhatsApp" application. Participants were asked questions about sociodemographic parameters, hand hygiene, preparation and administration of antibiotics, follow-up and reporting of side effects. Sociodemographic data, hand hygiene and antibiotic treatment were compared and analyzed. Results: Of the participants, 29 (20.4%) were male and 113 (79.6%) were female. Approximately 50% of the participants were between the ages of 18-30. It was observed that 66.9% of the nurses did not receive any training on antibiotic therapy. ICU nurses answered the information questions at a significant level (OR: 3.04; 95% CI; 21.9- 0.2; p=0.013). Accuracy rates for answers related to hand hygiene were between 0-40%. Conclusion: It was observed that nurses, who are considered to be at the center of antibiotic therapy management today, lacked serious knowledge about the stages of antibiotic therapy. Re-planning of training programs in this direction may be considered. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether the antibiotic treatment phase affects the efficacy of antibiotics.

Keywords

• Antibiotics
• enfectious control prevention
• nurses
• health research

Hemşirelerin Antibiyotikler, Hazırlama, Uygulama ve Takibi Hakkında Temel Bilgi Düzeyleri: Anket Çalışması

Abstract

Amaç: Gönüllülük esasına dayalı bu kesitsel çalışmada amacımız, hemşirelerin antibiyotik tedavisi ve enfeksiyon kontrol önlemleri hakkındaki genel bilgilerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: "Google Anket Formu’ndan 25 sorudan oluşan bir anket hazırlandı ve "WhatsApp" uygulaması üzerinden 142 hemşire ile paylaşıldı. Çalışmaya servis ve yoğun bakım hemşireleri dahil edildi. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik parametreler, el hijyeni, antibiyotiklerin hazırlanması ve uygulanması, takibi ve yan etkilerin bildirilmesi ile ilgili sorular soruldu. Sosyodemografik veriler, el hijyeni ve antibiyotik tedavisi karşılaştırılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların 29'u (%20.4) erkek, 113'ü (%79.6) kadındır. Katılımcıların yaklaşık %50'si 18-30 yaş aralığında idi. Hemşirelerin %66.9'unun antibiyotik tedavisi konusunda herhangi bir eğitim almadığı görülmüştür. Yoğun bakım ünitesi hemşireleri bilgi sorularına anlamlı düzeyde (OR:3.04; %95 CI; 21.9-0.2; p=0.013) cevap verdi. El hijyeni ile ilgili cevaplardaki doğruluk oranları %0-40 arasındaydı. Sonuç: Günümüzde antibiyotik tedavi yönetiminin merkezinde kabul edilen hemşirelerin antibiyotik tedavi aşamaları ile ilgili ciddi bilgi eksiklikleri gözlendi. Eğitim programlarının bu yönde tekrar planlanması düşünülebilir. Antibiyotik tedavi aşamasının, antibiyotiğin etkinliğini etkileyip etkilemediğine dair prospektif, çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

• Antibiyotikler
• enfeksiyon kontrol önlemi
• hemşireler
• sağlık araştırmaları

References

1. Lien TQ, Johansson E, Lan PT, Chuc NTK, Thoa NTM, Hoa NQ, et all. A Potential Way to Decrease the Know-Do Gap in Hospital Infection Control in Vietnam: "Providing Specific Figures on Healthcare-Associated Infections to the Hospital Staff Can 'Wake Them Up' to Change Their Behaviour". Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jul 22;15(7):1549. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071549.
2. Abbas S, Stevens MP. The Role of the Hospital Epidemiologist in Antibiotic Stewardship. Med Clin North Am. 2018 Sep;102(5):873-882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2018.05.002.
3. van Huizen P, Kuhn L, Russo PL, Connell CJ. The nurses' role in antimicrobial stewardship: A scoping review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2021 Jan;113:103772. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103772.
4. Uzuntarla Y, Cihangiroğlu N. Hemşirelerin akılcı ilaç kullanımı ile kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin analizi. TAF Prev Med Bull 2016; 15: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.5455/pmb.1-1428420168.
5. Karakoç MD, Uyanık Ö. Bir Kamu Hastanesinde Görevli Hemşirelerin Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı Konusundaki Bilgi, Tutum ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Sdü Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2015; 9: 112-118. https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.463263.
6. Saygılı M, Özer Ö, Uğurluoğlu Ö. Bir kamu hastanesinde akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik bilgi ve davranışların değerlendirilmesi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi 2015; 8: 162-170.
7. Kurt ME, Ceylan A, Sevinç K. Hemşirelerin akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik bilgi ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi: Diyarbakır Selahaddin Eyyubi devlet hastanesi örneği. Dicle Ünv. İİBF dergisi 2016; 6: 263-274.
8. Turan N. İlaca bağlı advers etki takibi ve Türkiye’de antibiyotiklerin kayıtlı advers etkileri. Antibiyotik ve Kemoterapi Dergisi 2003; 17: 326-328. https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.463263.

9. Adimasu A. Nurses Knowledge Related to Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Associated Factors at Felegehiwot Referral Hospital and University of Gondar Teaching Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Am J Health Sci. Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014, pp. 164-170. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20140204.20.
10. Monsees EA, Tamma PD, Cosgrove SE, Miller MA, Fabre V. Integrating bedside nurses into antibiotic stewardship: A practical approach. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019 May;40(5):579-584. doi: 10.1017/ice.2018.362.
11. Carter EJ, Greendyke WG, Furuya EY, Srinivasan A, Shelley AN, Bothra A, et al. Exploring the nurses' role in antibiotic stewardship: A multisite qualitative study of nurses and infection preventionists. Am J Infect Control. 2018 May;46(5):492-497. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.12.016.
12. Wentzel J, van Drie-Pierik R, Nijdam L, Geesing J, Sanderman R, van Gemert-Pijnen JE. Antibiotic information application offers nurses quick support. Am J Infect Control. 2016 Jun 1;44(6):677-84. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.12.038.
13. Fawaz S, Barton S, Whitney L, Nabhani-Gebara S. Differential antibiotic dosing in critical care: survey on nurses' knowledge, perceptions and experience. JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2020 Nov 10;2(4):dlaa083. doi: 10.1093/jacamr/dlaa083.
14. Roberts RJ, Alhammad AM, Crossley L, Anketell E, Wood L, Schumaker G, et al. A survey of critical care nurses' practices and perceptions surrounding early intravenous antibiotic initiation during septic shock. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2017 Aug;41:90-97. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2017.02.002.
15. Sahin TK, Erul E, Aksun MS, Sonmezer MC, Unal S, Akova M. Knowledge and attitudes of Turkish physicians towards human monkeypox disease and related vaccination: a cross-sectional study. Vaccines. 2022;11:19. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010019.
16. Redefining the antibiotic stewardship team: recommendations from the American Nurses Association/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Workgroup on the role of registered nurses in hospital antibiotic stewardship practices. JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2019 Jul 26;1(2):dlz037. https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlz037.
17. CDC. Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2019. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-use/core-elements/hospital.html.
18. Morgan SA. The Infusion Nurse's Role in Antibiotic Stewardship. J Infus Nurs. 2019 Mar/Apr;42(2):75-80. https://doi.org/10.1097/NAN.0000000000000315.
19. Carter EJ, Greendyke WG, Furuya EY, Srinivasan A, Shelley AN, Bothra A, et all. Exploring the nurses' role in antibiotic stewardship: A multisite qualitative study of nurses and infection preventionists. Am J Infect Control. 2018 May ; 46(5): 492–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.12.016.
20. Monsees E, Tamma P, Cosgrove S, Miller M, Fabre V. (2019). Integrating bedside nurses into antibiotic stewardship: A practical approach. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 40(5), 579-584. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2018.362.
21. Sumner S, Forsyth S, Collette-Merrill K, Taylor C, Vento T, Veillette J, et all. Antibiotic stewardship: The role of clinical nurses and nurse educators. Nurse Educ Today. 2018 Jan;60:157-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2017.10.011.
22. Karakoç MD, Uyanık Ö. Bir Kamu Hastanesinde Görevli Hemşirelerin Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı Konusundaki Bilgi, Tutum ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours About Rational Drug Use in a Public Hospital). Sdü Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2015; 9: 112-118. https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.463263.
23. Monsees E, Lee B, Pharm AW, Goldman J. Implementation of a Nurse-Driven Antibiotic Engagement Tool in 3 Hospitals, AJIC: Am J Infect Control (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.07.002.
24. Reddy SC, Valderrama AL, Kuhar DT. Improving the Use of Personal Protective Equipment: Applying Lessons Learned. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Sep 13;69(Suppl 3):S165-S170. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz619.
25. Alhmidi H, Gonzalez-Orta M, Cadnum JL, Mana TSC, Jencson AL, Wilson BM, et all. Contamination of health care personnel during removal of contaminated gloves. Am J Infect Control. 2019 Jul;47(7):850-852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.12.003.
26. Tomas ME, Kundrapu S, Thota P, Sunkesula VC, Cadnum JL, Mana TS, et all. Contamination of Health Care Personnel During Removal of Personal Protective Equipment. JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Dec;175(12):1904-10. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4535.
27. Meltzer AC, Burrows PK, Wolfson AB, Hollander JE, Kurz M, Kirkali Z, et all. Effect of Tamsulosin on Passage of Symptomatic Ureteral Stones: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Aug 1;178(8):1051-1057. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.2259.